Federal minimum wage from January 1 of the year. Minimum salary amount
The minimum wage is approved by law; constituent entities can set their own values.
On this topic, additional conditions are stipulated in the Labor Code, Article 133.
- The minimum wage is a value that is approved in all regions at the same time and is fixed by issuing a federal law.
- In budgetary enterprises, the size of the indicator is supported by the corresponding item in the budget, in private firms - by the provision of the employer.
- An employee’s salary for a month, provided that he has worked the entire workload and coped with the assigned tasks, cannot be less than the established amount. From July 1, 2017, it, as already mentioned, will be 7,800 rubles. In this case, the established amount must correspond to the amount of cash payments (tariff rate, compensation, remuneration, etc.) for the working month.
According to Article 133, it is considered mandatory to maintain the minimum wage at the level. But in practice this provision has not yet been implemented.
According to Article 421 of the Labor Code, the procedure for increasing the minimum amount to the subsistence level is regulated by Federal Law. At the moment, such a law has not yet been developed.
Establishment of minimum wages by region
The Labor Code () allows for the establishment on the territory of individual subjects of a minimum wage that exceeds the approved amount in the Russian Federation.
The determination of the amount is influenced by the socio-economic circumstances in a given area and the cost of living established there.
To increase the minimum wage, regional authorities are required to adopt a separate agreement. It involves:
- regional authorities;
- trade union associations;
- associations of employers.
When an agreement is reached, an invitation to all employers to join is officially announced through the media.
To refuse participation, the employer must provide a written refusal explaining the reasons within 30 days from the date of the announcement.
If the document has not been sent, the employer's consent is implied.
Subsequently, managers working in the territory of this subject will be required to pay wages not less than this limit.
Important: the minimum amount assigned for a specific entity is applied by state organizations whose activities are financed from the regional budget, as well as municipal institutions. This requirement does not apply to federal, budgetary and autonomous organizations.
What is provided for workers in the Far North
Provides regional coefficients and wage bonuses for people who work in the Far North and regions that can be equated to it. This also affects the minimum wage.
According to the decisions of the judges, the established minimum amount must be increased by a coefficient and allowances.
Such payments should not be taken into account as part of the minimum wage and minimum wage.
According to the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia, such decisions are not considered normative acts. Only the Labor Code regulates labor relations.
And regional coefficients are included in the minimum wage and minimum wage.
For what purpose is the minimum wage established?
The minimum wage is an establishment that achieves several goals at once:
- Allows you to maintain a salary level that is not less than the established level.
- Used to calculate benefits for temporary unemployment, as well as when going on maternity leave.
- Helps calculate taxes, fines and other contributions, the amount of which directly depends on the established minimum wage.
According to the law, wages cannot be less than the minimum wage. The concept of “salary” in this context includes all payments that an employee receives for a full month.
This includes not only salary, but also bonuses, compensation and other additional payments. In total, the accrued amount cannot be less than the minimum wage.
Important: As a tax agent, the manager deducts personal income tax contributions from wages. Therefore, the actual payment received may be less than the minimum wage.
If a citizen has a part-time job or works part-time, his salary may not reach the minimum value.
What was the minimum wage approved from January 1, 2017 in Russia? How will the new minimum wage affect benefits and wages? Will benefit levels change from January 1, 2017? Let's figure it out.
Minimum wage from January 1: size
The minimum wage will not be increased in Russia from January 1, 2017. Officials considered that there was no need to change the minimum wage from the beginning of the year. Note that many accountants are accustomed to the fact that the minimum wage increases from the beginning of the year. So, for example, in 2016, the minimum wage will increase from January 1 and amounted to 6,204 rubles (Article 1 of the Federal Law of December 14, 2015 No. 376-FZ). However, from 2017 there will be no increase.
The last time the minimum wage was increased was from July 1, 2016 to 7,500 rubles (Federal Law, Article 1 of Federal Law dated June 2, 2016 No. 164-FZ). In this regard, in particular, the amounts of benefits have changed. Cm. " ".
Since January 1, 2017, the minimum wage (minimum wage) has not changed. Therefore, the amount of benefits will remain at the same level.
Keep in mind that from July 1, 2017, the minimum wage will increase by 300 rubles and its amount will be 7,800 rubles. Indexation of the minimum wage by 4% is due to forecast inflation rates, which should be 4% in 2017. This is provided for by the relevant bill.
It was originally planned that the minimum wage from January 1, 2017 would be 8,800 rubles. However, later officials abandoned the new minimum wage and left it at the same level. Cm. " ".
Minimum wage from January 1, 2017 and salary
The minimum wage is the minimum wage that an organization or individual entrepreneur (employer) must accrue to employees for the month they have fully worked (Article 133 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). However, keep in mind that an employee may receive less than the minimum wage in person - minus personal income tax and other deductions, such as alimony. Accordingly, from January 1, 2017, I cannot pay less than 7,500 rubles.
After all, the total salary, which includes (Article 129 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) cannot be less than the minimum wage:
- remuneration for work;
- compensation payments, including additional payments and allowances;
- incentive payments (bonuses).
As a reward for performing work duties, taking into account the cost of living.
According to the rules of Part 3 of Article 133.1 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation:
the amount of the minimum wage for a particular subject is determined taking into account socio-economic conditions and the cost of living of the working population on its territory. Part 4 of Article 133.1. The Labor Code establishes that the minimum wage cannot be lower than the federal minimum wage;
The minimum wage is set by regional agreement of three parties:
Moscow city government;
associations of employers (union of industrialists and entrepreneurs).
After the agreement is concluded, all employers operating in Moscow are invited to join it. This occurs through the official publication of the text of the agreement in the media;
if an employer operating in the territory of Moscow, within 30 calendar days from the date of official publication of the proposal to join the agreement on the regional minimum wage, has not submitted to the authorized executive body of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation a reasoned written refusal to join it, it is considered that the employer has acceded to the agreement, which means he is obliged to apply it;
Based on Article 133.1 of the Labor Code, the regional minimum wage is mandatory for use as part of the remuneration of employees of state institutions financed from the budgets of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as municipal institutions. Federal government, budgetary and autonomous institutions are not required to apply the regional minimum wage.
Minimum wage in Moscow
| The period from which the minimum wage is established | Minimum size wages (rub., per month) |
Regulatory act establishing the minimum wage |
|---|---|---|
| from November 1, 2018 | 18 781 | Decree of the Moscow Government of September 19, 2018 N 1114-PP |
| from May 1, 2018 | 18 742 | |
| from January 1, 2018 | 18 742 | "between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated December 15, 2015, Moscow Government resolution No. 663-PP dated September 12, 2017 |
| from 01.10.2017 | 18 742 | "between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated December 15, 2015, Moscow Government resolution No. 663-PP dated September 12, 2017 |
| from July 1, 2017 | 17 642 | "between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated December 15, 2015, Moscow Government resolution No. 355-PP dated June 13, 2017 |
| from October 1, 2016 | 17 561 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2016-2018 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated 12/15/2015, Moscow Government Resolution dated 09/06/2016 N 551-PP |
| from January 1, 2016 | 17 300 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2016-2018 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated 12/15/2015 |
| from November 1, 2015 | 17 300 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2015 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated December 18, 2014 (as amended on October 30, 2015) |
| from June 1, 2015 | 16 500 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2015 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated December 18, 2014 (as amended on May 26, 2015) |
| from April 1, 2015 | 15 000 | |
| from January 1, 2015 | 14 500 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2015 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated 12/18/2014 |
| from June 1, 2014 | 14 000 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2014 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated December 11, 2013 (as amended on April 24, 2014) |
| from January 1, 2014 | 12 600 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2014 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated 12/11/2013 |
| from July 1, 2013 | 12 200 | |
| from January 1, 2013 | 11 700 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2013 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated 12/12/2012 |
| from July 1, 2012 | 11 700 | |
| from January 1, 2012 | 11 300 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2012 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated November 30, 2011 |
| from July 1, 2011 | 11 100 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2011 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated 12/02/2010 (as amended on 07/01/2011) |
| from January 1, 2011 | 10 400 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2011 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated 12/02/2010 |
| from May 1, 2010 | 10 100 | |
| from January 1, 2010 | 9 500 | "Agreement on the minimum wage in the city of Moscow for 2010 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations" dated December 22, 2009 |
| from September 1, 2009 | 8 700 | |
| from May 1, 2009 | 8 500 | "Agreement for 2009 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated December 24, 2008 |
| from January 1, 2009 | 8 300 | "Agreement for 2009 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated December 24, 2008 |
| from September 1, 2008 | 7 650 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2008 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated December 11, 2007 (as amended on September 2, 2008) |
| from May 1, 2008 | 6 800 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2008 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated 12/11/2007 |
| from September 1, 2007 | 6 100 | |
| from May 1, 2007 | 5 400 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2007 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated December 12, 2006 |
| from September 1, 2006 | 4 900 | |
| since May 1, 2006 | 4 100 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2006 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated November 28, 2005 |
| since October 1, 2005 | 3 600 | |
| since May 1, 2005 | 3 000 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2005 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated December 29, 2004 |
| since October 1, 2004 | 2 500 | |
| since May 1, 2004 | 2 000 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2004 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated December 22, 2003 |
| from 2nd half of the year 2003 |
1 800 | |
| from January 1, 2003 | 1 500 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2003 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated December 15, 2002 |
| from September 1, 2002 | 1 270 | |
| from January 1, 2002 | 1 100 | "Moscow tripartite agreement for 2002 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow associations of industrialists and entrepreneurs (employers)" dated December 4, 2001 |
Moscow tripartite agreement for 2016-2018 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations
(as amended by Decree of the Moscow Government dated June 13, 2017 No. 355-PP)
(extraction)
Contracting parties: The Moscow Government on behalf of the executive authorities of the city of Moscow (hereinafter referred to as the Government), the Moscow Federation of Trade Unions (hereinafter referred to as the IFP) on behalf of the Moscow trade union associations (hereinafter referred to as the Trade Unions), the Moscow Confederation of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (employers) (hereinafter referred to as the ICIE (p) on behalf of Moscow associations of employers (hereinafter referred to as the Employers) (hereinafter referred to as the Parties), in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, Moscow City Law No. 4 of November 11, 2009 “On Social Partnership in the City of Moscow”, concluded the Moscow Tripartite Agreement on 2016-2018 between the Moscow Government, Moscow trade union associations and Moscow employers' associations (hereinafter referred to as the Agreement).
The main goals of this Agreement are to ensure coordination of the interests of workers, employers and executive authorities of the city of Moscow in regulating social and labor relations and related economic relations aimed at improving the level and quality of life of the population, sustainable functioning and further development of economic sectors of the city of Moscow, ensuring and expansion of state guarantees in matters of employment and social protection of the population, payment and labor protection of workers based on the principles of social partnership.
Employers:
2.20. Consider as criteria for mass dismissal the indicators of the number of dismissed employees of organizations registered in the city of Moscow, with a workforce of 15 or more people for a certain period of time:
2.20.1. Dismissal within 30 calendar days of more than 25% of the organization’s employees from the total number of employees in the organization.
2.20.2. Dismissal of employees in connection with the liquidation of an organization of any organizational and legal form.
2.20.3. Reduction in the number or staff of an organization in the amount of:
50 or more people within 30 calendar days;
- 200 or more people within 60 calendar days;
- 500 or more people within 90 calendar days.
2.21. In the event of a threat of mass layoffs of workers, inform Trade Unions, the Department of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the City of Moscow at least 3 months before the start date of the relevant activities. Jointly develop measures aimed at reducing the number of workers subject to dismissal (suspension of hiring workers, transfer to part-time work and other measures that reduce the number of dismissed workers).
2.22. Provide monthly information about the need for workers to the Moscow Department of Labor and Social Protection of the Population.
2.23. Provide assistance in providing flexible work or part-time work to one of the parents with 3 or more children, one of the parents (legal representative) of a disabled child.
2.24. ICIE(r) provide consultations to employers on the issue of filling out an application regarding the need to attract foreign workers.
2.25. Provide employees who are dismissed due to the liquidation of the organization or a reduction in the number or staff of the organization's employees, the opportunity to retrain in new professions, as well as time to find a new job before the termination of the employment contract.
2.26. Do not allow the simultaneous dismissal of employees who are members of the same family during the year in the event of a reduction in the number or staff of the organization’s employees.
2.27. Involve highly qualified workers and specialists as mentors in the employment of graduates of vocational education institutions.
2.28. ICPP(r) together with industry councils for professional qualifications, carry out work on professional and public accreditation of professional educational programs implemented by professional educational organizations and educational organizations of higher education that train specialists for the economy of the city of Moscow.
Unions:
2.29. Provide free consulting and legal assistance to trade union organizations, trade union members, as well as low-income and unemployed citizens on the application of labor legislation.
2.29.1. To create additional jobs for disabled people, voluntarily make a monthly contribution to the budget of the city of Moscow for each unoccupied quota workplace for hiring disabled people in the amount of the subsistence minimum for the working population, established by the Moscow Government, on the day of its payment.
(Clause 2.29.1 was introduced by the decision of the Ministry of Labor and Labor on the regulation of social and labor relations dated December 12, 2016 N 77-848-2)
2.30. Exercise public control over the expenditure of budget funds and employers' funds on the modernization of existing jobs and the creation of new jobs.
Section 3. IN THE FIELD OF WAGES AND INCOME POLICY
In order to improve living standards and wages, reduce poverty and social inequality in the city of Moscow, the Parties undertake to:
3.1. Set the minimum wage in the city of Moscow from January 1, 2016 - 17,300 rubles.
3.1.1. The size of the minimum wage in the city of Moscow is revised quarterly and is set in the amount of the subsistence minimum for the working population of the city of Moscow, approved by a resolution of the Moscow Government. In the event of a decrease in the cost of living in the city of Moscow, the minimum wage remains at the same level.
Influence the situation with rising unemployment?
Let's take a closer look at all the latest news.
Legislative regulation of the issue
The definition of “minimum wage” means the minimum wage, which is established throughout the Russian Federation.
The amount of the minimum wage cannot be less than that established for able-bodied citizens of our country.
Ensuring the minimum wage falls on the shoulders of such funding sources:
It is worth noting that the minimum wage is regulated such legislative acts:
- Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 232 “On the minimum wage”;
- the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, which gives a clear definition of the minimum wage and determines the procedure for its formation;
- Determination of the Constitutional Court No. 1160, which gives a complete answer to what exactly is included in the minimum wage.
Speaking about the size of the minimum wage, it is necessary to remember that it can also be influenced by regional legislative acts.
Based on the order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated August 24, 2018 No. 550n “On establishing the cost of living per capita and for the main socio-demographic groups of the population in the Russian Federation as a whole for the second quarter of 2018,” the cost of living for the working population is 11,280 rubles. Thus, the federal minimum wage from January 1, 2019 is equal to 11280 rubles.
What does this indicator expect in 2019?
Even before the autumn elections, members of the United Russia party argued that starting in 2018 it was necessary to expect an increase in the minimum wage to 8,800 rubles. Thus, the new figure could come close to the subsistence level for the entire country as a whole.
But a short time after these statements, it became known that the minimum wage would not be increased by a significant amount. This is due to the fact that the country’s budget simply cannot withstand such a sharp increase in wages.
For this reason, the Government of the Russian Federation decided to implement indexation of the minimum wage from July 2017 by 4% (remember, it was originally planned to increase by 17.1%). Thus, since July 2017, this amount has increased by 300 rubles and amounted to - 7.8 thousand rubles.
Without a doubt, such an increase in the size of the minimum wage will not greatly affect the well-being of our citizens, but it is also necessary to remember that today it is simply impossible to sharply load the country’s budget, which is already in limbo and could collapse at any moment.
In accordance with the regulations of the Labor Code (Article 133), the minimum wage should not be lower than the subsistence level established for the country’s working population. To equalize these indicators, the Government adopted Federal Law No. 421 of December 28, 2017. The introduced legislative innovations made it possible in 2018 to bring the minimum wage closer to the subsistence level by 85%.
But already in 2019 these values completely equalized. The minimum wage is prescribed in Federal Law No. 82-FZ of June 19, 2000 and is subject to annual indexation. Starting from January 1, 2019 and thereafter annually from January 1 of the corresponding year, the minimum wage is established by federal law in the amount of the subsistence level of the working-age population as a whole in the Russian Federation for the second quarter of the previous year.
Regional features
By focusing on the fact that the size of the minimum wage directly depends on the level of the cost of living, we can determine those regions where the highest wages are observed.
These regions include those whose budgets do not have problems filling their budgets. For example, we can note regions that are developed in the oil and gas industry. If we talk about the Far North, where there are more than high prices, which have made it possible to significantly increase the minimum wage.
It must be emphasized that regional minimum wage cannot be less than that established at the state level.
In 2019, in some regions of the Russian Federation there will be the following minimum wages:
- In Moscow today there is a minimum wage of 18,742 rubles. According to the Moscow Region, this value is fixed at the level of 14,200 rubles.
- In St. Petersburg, the minimum wage is set at 17,000 rubles.
- In the Leningrad region, the figure was fixed at 11,400 rubles.
What to expect for entrepreneurs
Federal Law No. 335-FZ dated November 27, 2017 “On amendments to parts one and two of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation” has already been adopted and published:
Insurance premiums for compulsory health insurance in the amount determined in the following order:
- if the payer’s income for the billing period does not exceed 300,000 rubles, - in a fixed amount of 26,545 rubles for the billing period of 2018, 29,354 rubles for the billing period of 2019, 32,448 rubles for the billing period of 2020;
- if the payer’s income for the billing period exceeds 300,000 rubles, - in a fixed amount of 26,545 rubles for the billing period of 2018 (29,354 rubles for the billing period of 2019, 32,448 rubles for the billing period of 2020) plus 1.0 % of the payer’s income exceeding 300,000 rubles for the billing period.
- In this case, the amount of insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance for the billing period cannot be more than eight times the fixed amount of insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance established by paragraph two of this subclause;
Insurance premiums for compulsory medical insurance are in a fixed amount of 5,840 rubles for the billing period of 2018, 6,884 rubles for the billing period of 2019 and 8,426 rubles for the billing period of 2020.
How will the changes affect wages?
Indexation of the minimum wage will, of course, have an impact on wages. According to Article 133 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, wages (official) cannot be less than the established minimum wage. For this reason, there will be an increase in the “minimum wage” in the country.
If the employer refuses to increase the minimum wage, the tax authority has the right to fine him the amount from 30,000 rub. up to 50,000 rub.. For repeated violations, business entities will be fined 50,000-70,000 rubles. Separate financial sanctions are provided for management staff:
- the director may be fined 1,000-5,000 rubles (for a repeated violation, the fine may increase to 20,000 rubles);
- the chief accountant will be fined 1,000-5,000 rubles (for a repeated violation, the fine may vary in the range of 10,000-20,000 rubles).
But at the same time, it is necessary to remember that only those employees who were able to work a full calendar month without any complaints and fulfill their job duties without violations can apply for the new minimum wage.
We should also not forget that the new minimum wage will have an impact on many other compensation payments, including social ones, since it is on the basis of the minimum wage that they are formed, for example, if the average official salary for a certain period was less than the permissible amount.
In addition to determining the amount of payments, the minimum wage also has an impact on, for example, up to 1.5 years.
Many experts on the country's economic development point out that increasing the minimum wage, as a rule, has a negative impact on the development of society. This is due to the fact that an increase in the minimum wage always brings with it an increase in the percentage of unemployment and, as a consequence, an increase in crime.
In addition, with an increase in the minimum wage, it is necessary to prepare for an increase in utility bills, various fines and penalties.
According to the same experts, an increase in this indicator indicates an improvement in the standard of living of the population only in the case when indexation can fully cover the level of inflation, but until this happens, things are quite the opposite.
Starting from May 1, 2018, business entities can not pay its full-time employees wages in an amount less than the minimum wage (RUB 11,280). It is worth noting that the total earnings of workers may include not only remuneration for work performed, but also bonuses, as well as allowances and various compensation payments.
For information about indexing this indicator, see the following video:
Not only pensions and benefits are established by law. There is another important characteristic that is determined by the authorities - the minimum wage.
Its value in each region is established independently. Naturally, the largest minimum wage is set for Moscow. Below IQReview will understand what the minimum wage is, what it affects, and what the minimum wage for Muscovites is.
Minimum wage (the abbreviation “MROT” is also widely used: minimum wage) is a payment threshold below which an employer cannot pay its employee. It can be set in an hour, a month or a year.
Please note: the minimum wage is not a “bare” salary. This is the total salary, which includes the base rate, bonuses and other types of allowances (according to Article No. 133 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). That is, an employee’s net salary may be lower than the regional minimum wage. Also, the minimum wage is not a living wage.
This regulatory system was proposed and is still used as a means of “protecting” low-wage workers from wage undercutting. In the past, many businesses charged unfairly low prices for hard work. First of all, this concerned physical labor.
In addition, the installation and regular recalculation of the minimum wage is one of the state’s methods of combating poverty. Of course, it is very difficult to live on the actual minimum wage in the Russian Federation, but it is still possible. By the way, citizens must pay taxes on the minimum wage in full.
Most countries of the world have their own minimum wage (established by law). On the international levelit is regulated by the UN International Labor Organization Convention No. 131 (“On Minimum Wages”), adopted on June 3, 1970.
Not all states implement it: By As of the summer of 2016, only 53 countries had ratified the agreement (out of 251). Moreover, it is not the third world countries that are abandoning the “standard” method of regulation; they are not accepting such a system:
Japan: here the minimum wage is not set for the entire country or region, but separately for each industry;
Switzerland, Italy, some Scandinavian countries: do not set a minimum rate at all.
Basic provisions
Do laws regulate the minimum wage? Yes, in Russia this is law No. 82-FZ.
Who adjusts the minimum wage? In the Russian Federation, this is done at two levels of government: federal (a single value is established for the entire country) and regional (a value is established for a particular region, depending on a number of factors).
Does the minimum wage depend on the number of working hours actually worked? When calculating the size, a standard workweek of 40 hours is used.
The regional level administration can change the size of the minimum wage, but only upward (i.e.official salary inregions cannot be lower than the established minimum for the country).
The minimum wage changes regularly and depends on annual inflation. In fact, it should not be lower than in the region (for able-bodied citizens).
The main resource for payments is the employer's funds. For government organizations, these are budget funds (local or federal budget).
Why do we need a minimum wage?
This value is used by the state for the following purposes:
For financial protection of citizens who work in low-paid positions (as mentioned above).
As a basis for calculating benefits (unemployment, temporary disability).
Minimum wage in the Russian Federation
Now about specific numbers, for starters - for the Russian Federation (at the federal level):
From January 1, 2017: 7,500 rubles. It did not change with the onset of the new year; before that, it was last indexed on July 1, 2016. Then it was raised from 6,204 to 7,500 rubles.
From July 1, 2017 (already known) there will be minor changes to the minimum wage: it will rise from 7,500 to 7,800 rubles.
It was assumed that from the beginning of 2017, the minimum wage in Russia would be raised to 8,800 rubles. However, due to the crisis situation in the country, such a step was abandoned, and there was no New Year indexation at all. Most likely, after the July increase, wages will be revised next year - 2018.
Minimum wage in Moscow
T Now the most interesting question for most:what is the minimumAre residents of the Russian capital entitled to a salary?
Minimum salary in Moscow in 2017(from January 1) is 17,561 rubles. This value applies to all citizens who work in Moscow companies, in addition to employees of budgetary structures.
For statistics, we present the minimum wage for Moscow by year:
| Period | Size, thousand rubles |
|---|---|
| 2010, from January 1 to April 30 | 9.5 |
| 2010, from May 1 to December 31 | 10.1 |
| 2011, from January 1 to July 31 | 10.4 |
| 2011, from August 1 to December 31 | 11.1 |
| 2012, from January 1 to June 30 | 11.3 |
| 2012, from July 1 to December 31 | 11.7 |
| 2013, from January 1 to June 30 | 11.7 (not changed) |
| 2013, from July 1 to December 31 | 12.2 |
| 2014, from January 1 to May 31 | 12.6 |
| 2014, from June 1 to December 31 | 14 |
| 2015, from January 1 | 14.5 |
| 2015, from April 1 | 15 |
| 2015, from June 1 | 16.5 |
| 2015, from November 1 | 17.3 |
| 2016, from January 1 | 17.3 (not changed) |
| 2016, from October 1 | 17.561 |
And for comparison, here are the data on the minimum wage of Muscovites in the 2000s:
| Period | Minimum wage, rubles |
|---|---|
| 2002, from January 1 | 1100 |
| 2002, from September 1 | 1270 |
| 2003, from January 1 | 1500 |
| 2003, from July 1 | 1800 |
| 2004, from May 1 | 2000 |
| 2004, from October 1 | 2500 |
| 2005, from May 1 | 3000 |
| 2005, from October 1 | 3600 |
| 2006, from May 1 | 4100 |
| 2006, from September 1 | 4900 |
| 2007, from May 1 | 5400 |
| 2007, from September 1 | 6100 |
| 2008, from May 1 | 6800 |
| 2008, from September 1 | 7650 |
| 2009, from January 1 | 8300 |
| 2009, from May 1 | 8500 |
| 2009, from September 1 | 8700 |
What about other countries?
At the current (as of the first half of May) ruble-dollar exchange rate, the Moscow minimum wage is equal to$ 300, and all-Russian -$ 130.
Comparison of minimum wages in Russia with other countries For comparison, we indicate what minimum wages are established in other countries (translated into American dollars):
USA. In 6 states there is no minimum rate at all. At the state level, you cannot pay less than 7.25 per hour of work. For some large cities, individual (inflated) rates apply. Highest in the District of Columbia (11.5$ per hour).
Australia. In this country, companies cannot pay their employees less$ 2190 per month. However, taxes in Australia are among the highest. Adjusted for all fees, the employee must receive at least 9.5$ per hour.
Luxembourg. Minimum per hour of work - 9.24$.
Belgium - $8.57 per hour.
Ireland - no less than $8.46 per hour.
France - minimum $8.24 per hour.
Czech Republic - no less than $387 per month.
Estonia - no less than $440 per month.
Israel - at least $1200 per month.
Mexico - at least $85 per month.
Netherlands - at least $1850 monthly.
UK - from $1615 per month.
Current news about the minimum wage (video)