GOST 27429-87 Liquid perfume and cosmetic products. “Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage.”

Packaging any product, and especially perfume, is the highest art. The shell, like the perfume itself, is created to last for many years. Artists and designers try to translate the language of smells into the visual, to convey the first idea of ​​the idea of ​​smell. Even in the tombs of the pharaohs of the ancient world, vessels with traces of incense were found. The Greeks and Romans left wonderful examples of bottles in the form of miniature amphorae. Old Russian beauties used special oriental jewelry - pendants in which aromatic substances were placed. As they walked, the pendants swayed and the aroma spread around. Currently, a widespread technique for designing a bottle is in the form of a female figure. The packaging of the perfume is part of the scent. Today, the trendsetter in the world of bottles is the Baccarat company (French). It was founded in 1764. Its services are used by the world's leading perfume houses.

Perfume is packaged in glass, porcelain or ceramic bottles with a capacity of no more than 65 ml with tightly ground stoppers made of glass or glass with a polyethylene coating or with screw-cut caps (with gasket) made of plastic or metal.

Colognes and fragrant waters are packaged in glass bottles with a capacity of no more than 250 ml. Bottles with hangers are filled with perfume liquid to the level of the hangers; bottles without hangers must have air space no more than 4% of the bottle capacity.

The necks of bottles with ground-in stoppers should be finished with bodryush (film made from beef or lamb intestines), husky or transparent film; tied with gimp, silk or viscose thread or ribbon.

Perfume products (colognes and fragrant waters) are also produced in aerosol packaging.

Bottles of perfumes and colognes can be placed in artistically designed cases or boxes or may be without cases or boxes. Such bottles are wrapped in brown paper and placed in stitched or folding cardboard packaging boxes. Perfume sets are packaged in separate packaging boxes as a whole, and the bottles included in the sets of groups A and extra are pre-wrapped in paper.

An artistically designed label indicating the front side product name labels; on the reverse side - the name of the enterprise, its location or its trademark, month and year of production, retail price, standard designation, name of the product group.

When releasing perfume products in cases with bottles without labels, all markings are placed on the case.

The name of the product and the article number must be indicated on the paper adhesive tapes used to cover the boxes using printing or stamp ink; name of the enterprise and its location; number of product units packed in boxes; production date, brigade number; name of the product group; designation of the standard.

Boxes containing perfume products must indicate the product name and article number; name of the manufacturer and its location or name of the shipper; name of the consignee; serial number of the box and production date; number of products in pieces; packer number; designation of the standard.

On the lids of the boxes there should be inscriptions: “Top”, “Do not throw!”, “Glass”.

Storage perfume products

With proper storage, the quality of perfumery products is maintained for a long time (several years).

Perfumes store very poorly, so if you rarely use them or like to alternate perfumes from different brands, you should not buy large bottles.

Perfume should be stored tightly sealed and away from direct sunlight. It's a good idea to keep the bottle in a box.

The warmer the room, the more light falls on the bottle and the less liquid remains in it, the faster it deteriorates. When stored in a cool, dark place or in a protective box, most perfumes stay fresh for six months or longer. In a very warm place they can spoil in a few weeks or even a few days. The best place for storing perfume - refrigerator.

On the eve of International Women's Day, the Office of Rospotrebnadzor for the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is explaining to consumers the specifics of selling perfumes and cosmetics products.

Perfume and cosmetic product- is a preparation or product intended for application (with or without the help of auxiliary means) to various parts of the human body (skin, hair, nails, teeth, lips, oral mucosa) with the sole or main purpose of cleansing them, giving give them a pleasant smell, change their appearance, protect them and keep them in good condition.

When selling perfume and cosmetic products to consumers, the seller must comply with the requirements of: Law Russian Federation from 02/07/1992 No. 2300-I “On the protection of consumer rights”, Sales Rules individual species goods, approved Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated January 19, 1998. No. 55, Technical regulations Customs Union TR CU 009/2011 “On the safety of perfumery and cosmetic products.”

Before being delivered to the sales floor, perfumery and cosmetic products are unpacked and inspected by employees of the trade enterprise, the quality (by external signs) of each item of goods and the availability of the necessary information about it are checked.

The buyer on the sales floor should be given the opportunity to familiarize himself with the smell of perfumes, colognes, eau de toilette using litmus papers soaked in a fragrant liquid, snuff samples provided by the manufacturers of the goods, as well as other properties and characteristics of the goods offered for sale.

When transferring goods in packaging with cellophane wrapping or branding tape, the buyer must be asked to check the contents of the package by removing the cellophane or branding tape. Aerosol packaging of goods is checked by the person carrying out the sale to ensure the functioning of the packaging in the presence of the buyer.

What information should a seller of perfume and cosmetic products provide to the consumer?

In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation dated 02/07/1992. No. 2300-I “On the Protection of Consumer Rights” (hereinafter referred to as the Law), the consumer must be promptly provided with the necessary and reliable information about the goods, which is designed to ensure the possibility of their correct choice.

Information about the product placed on the packaging, product label, postcard or insert sheet must contain the following information:

• name of the product, its name (if any) and information about its purpose;
• brand name, information about the location of the manufacturer and the location of the organization authorized by the manufacturer to accept claims from consumers;
• information about the shelf life of the product;
• information about the substances included in the product;

• information about the modes of action of this perfume and cosmetic product and the effect after its use;
• information about restrictions (contraindications) when using this product;
• manufacturer's trademark (if any);
• data on net weight, volume, number of units of goods;
• indication of regulatory or technical document, defining the quality requirements for this product;
• information about certification;
• recommendations for the correct use of the product and warnings;
• recommendations for storing goods for those products that require special conditions storage

The seller must warn the buyer about any defects in the product not only verbally, but also in writing(on the product label, sales receipt or otherwise).

When selling perfumery and cosmetic products, the seller brings to the attention of the buyer information about confirming the conformity of the goods with the established requirements by labeling the goods in in the prescribed manner mark of conformity and familiarization of the consumer, upon his request, with one of the following documents:

Certificate or declaration of conformity;

A copy of the certificate certified by the holder of the original certificate, a notary or the goods certification body that issued the certificate;

Commodity accompanying documents prepared by the manufacturer or supplier (seller) and containing for each product name information on confirmation of its compliance with the established requirements (number of the certificate of conformity, its validity period, the body that issued the certificate, or registration number declaration of conformity, its validity period, the name of the manufacturer or supplier (seller) who accepted the declaration, and the body that registered it). These documents must be certified by the signature and seal of the manufacturer (supplier, seller) indicating his address and telephone number.

At the buyer's request, the seller is obliged to familiarize him with the quality and safety certificate of the sold batch of perfumery and cosmetic products manufactured on the territory of the Russian Federation, or its certified copy.

Attention! The absence of the above documents, as well as the lack of information about the product and the manufacturer, casts doubt on the quality, safety and origin of the perfumes and cosmetics products sold. Compliance of the quality and safety of perfumery and cosmetic products with the requirements sanitary rules and standards are confirmed by the sanitary and epidemiological conclusion for the products.

According to the List of non-food products of proper quality, which are not subject to return or exchange for a similar product of a different size, shape, dimension, style, color or configuration, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 19, 1998 No. 55, perfume and cosmetic products of proper quality are not subject to return or exchange.

What should a consumer do if, after purchasing, he discovers shortcomings in a perfume and cosmetic product?

You must contact the seller of the product (manufacturer, authorized organization etc.) with a written claim drawn up in duplicate. One copy of the claim must be handed to the seller, or sent to him by registered mail with notification. If the letter of claim is delivered personally, the seller must indicate the number, position, full name. the one who accepted this document.

The seller (authorized organization, etc.) must send the consumer a response to the claim, providing for satisfaction or refusal to satisfy the requirements.

What should the seller do when receiving a claim?

If a consumer discovers defects in a product, the Law obliges the seller to accept it and check its quality.

If a dispute arises about the reasons for the occurrence of defects in the goods, the seller (manufacturer), an authorized organization, an authorized individual entrepreneur or an importer are obliged to conduct an examination of the goods at their own expense.

The examination can only be carried out by an organization that is not interested in the results of the consideration of the case.

The consumer has the right to be present during the quality check and examination of the product. If he does not agree with its results, he can challenge them in court.

If the examination establishes that the defects of the goods arose due to circumstances beyond the control of the seller (manufacturer), the consumer is obliged to compensate the seller (manufacturer), the authorized organization, the authorized individual entrepreneur or the importer the costs of conducting the examination, as well as the costs of storing and transporting the goods during its implementation.

CONSUMER DICTIONARY

Ingredient- this is any Chemical substance, a preparation of synthetic or natural origin, which is used in the production of perfumery and cosmetic products and is present in the finished perfumery and cosmetic product in its original or modified form (with the exception of perfumery (aromatic) compositions, impurities in the raw materials used, as well as auxiliary technical materials that are used during the preparation of the product, but are not present in the final product).

Label- a colorful or descriptive characteristic of the product and its manufacturer, printed on a unit of consumer packaging, as well as on a label, postcard, insert sheet attached or attached to each unit of product.

Trademark- this is a designation that allows you to determine the ownership of a perfumery and cosmetic product to one or another legal entity or individual.

Date of manufacture- this is the date that records the beginning of compliance of perfumery and cosmetic products with established requirements (set by the manufacturer).

Product expiration date- this is the period after which perfumery and cosmetic products become unsuitable for their intended use. The expiration date is set by the manufacturer of perfumery and cosmetic products. He is obliged to guarantee that the product meets the safety requirements for the life and health of the consumer, as well as the safety consumer properties subject to storage conditions.

Name of perfume and cosmetic product- this is a designation of a type of product that has a homogeneous structure (toothpaste, eau de toilette, etc.).

Consumer rights Protection

4.4. Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage of perfumery and cosmetic products

The most important factors influencing the preservation of the quality of perfumes and cosmetics products include packaging and storage. The main purpose of packaging is to protect products from adverse external influences and reduce quantitative and qualitative losses of goods.

Quantitative losses and, as a consequence, changes in composition often lead to a loss of quality of perfumery and cosmetic products. Thus, as a result of evaporation of volatile substances, the viscosity increases and the consistency changes. Reducing both qualitative and quantitative losses depends primarily on the quality of packaging. For perfumery and cosmetic products, almost all types of packaging from a wide variety of materials are used: metal - tubes, aerosol cans; glass - bottles, jars; polymer – bags, bottles, tubes, jars; cardboard and paper, etc.

Quantitative losses are natural decline. Qualitative – evaporation of water, volatilization of alcohol, other solvents, volatilization of aromatic substances, spillage, breakage, increase in viscosity, hardening, weakening of odor (synthetic aromatic substances), change in odor (natural aromatic substances), color change, rancidity, spoilage of ingredients, the appearance of aeration and etc.

The basic requirements for packaging of perfumery and cosmetic products are as follows:

1) no interaction between the packaging material and the contents;

2) creating tightness during storage, transportation and use;

3) environmental friendliness;

4) profitability.

Requirements for packaging, transportation and storage of domestic perfumery and cosmetic products are established depending on their type, consistency and other features in regulatory documents.

Perfume products are packaged from 5 ml (trial perfumes) to 350 ml. For example, French perfumes are bottled in 15 ml bottles, while domestic perfumes are bottled in bottles with a capacity of up to 50 ml.

The packaging of perfumery products is marked, which must contain the following information for the consumer: name of the product, name of the country of manufacture and manufacturer, indicating legal address, name of the product group, information about mandatory certification, month and year of production, composition, volume of products, standard designation, shelf life, product barcode (if available).

The name of the product is indicated on the front side of the label, other designations are on the product case.

Bottle styles with hangers are filled to the hanger, and when packaged in bottles without hangers, free space is left (no more than 4% of the bottle volume) to prevent rupture in the event of liquid expansion as the temperature rises.

Capping is done with a ground glass stopper, a screw cap using a plastic fungus (wad), rolled up with an aluminum cap with a spray bottle, etc. Appearance bottle and packaging are given great attention, as this affects the quality of the product. The bottles are placed in cardboard or plastic cases. Cases for perfumes from the “extra” group are covered with cellophane or plastic film to protect the packaging from damage during transportation and storage.

In conclusion of all the above, I would like to note that there is both a “dying” perfume and an “immortal” one. It all depends on the storage conditions. The composition of perfumery products affects the quality, but even more significantly the preservation of quality is influenced by correctly selected storage conditions. of this composition. It is important not only to use the product correctly, but also to be able to create everything the necessary conditions so that it does not lose its qualities. According to another expert in perfumery and cosmetics, when storing perfume, two rules must be followed: the first is “light is not a friend to perfume,” the second is “fragrances do not like heat.”

From this you can easily draw a conclusion about where it is best to place bottles with your favorite eau de toilette in the apartment. Window sills, open shelves and surfaces located directly opposite the source are completely excluded sunlight. It is best to store perfume in a closet where it is dark and dry. But bathrooms (many people like to keep their entire perfume arsenal there) are completely unsuitable: the temperature is unstable and high relative humidity is typical.

The standard shelf life of perfumes, eau de toilette and other types of perfumes is 3 years, and it is completely independent of the concentration of aromatic substances in the product. It does not matter whether the perfume is used or kept sealed. All modern bubbles are equipped with a sprayer, and it is sealed. Only the date of manufacture is indicated on the packaging or bottom of the bottle. There are modern brands whose life expectancy is 4–5 years.

Perfume should be stored with a tightly closed cap or ground stopper in a cool place, out of reach of children and sunlight. You should also keep in mind that if the perfume changes color, it means that it has deteriorated. If sediment has formed at the bottom of the bottle, this indicates that this perfume contains a high content of natural oils. When sediment falls, the quality of the perfume remains the same. But nowadays this is extremely rare.

Heating may change the aroma as the aldol condensation process begins. Aldol condensation is the interaction of two aldehyde molecules, leading to the formation of an aldehyde alcohol. Thus, b-hydroxybutyraldehyde (aldol) is formed from acetaldehyde.

For example, one well-known company (manufacturer of perfumes and cosmetics) keeps cologne in barrels of different sizes made of cedar wood. Cedar not only preserves the aroma of cologne well, but also imparts its own scent to it.

The optimal temperature for storing perfume is 17–20 °C. The higher the concentration of aromatic substances, the faster they are subject to aging, which is why perfumes are usually bottled in small quantities (about 7.5 ml), but the more alcohol, the longer the shelf life. A sign of aging is a cloudiness of the contents and a change in the original odor and color, the color usually becomes darker.

The appearance of perfume products is determined by viewing bottles with perfume liquid in the transmitted light of a 40 W electric lamp at a distance of 20 cm from the lamp and 40 cm from the observer when turning the bottle upside down.

The color of perfumery products is determined by comparing the test and control samples, using strips of paper moistened with the test and control products.

The persistence of the odor is determined organoleptically, for which they take a strip (5 x 10 cm) of pre-washed gauze, which is dipped in perfume liquid and dried in a room with a temperature of +15 to +20 ° C.

As a rule, perfumery and cosmetic liquids and liquid emulsions are packaged in glass, polymer, porcelain or ceramic bottles. The bottles are sealed with ground glass stoppers with polyethylene seals, damper plugs, spray caps, screw-cut plastic caps with a locking cone or dosing device. Polyethylene bottles are most often sealed with polyethylene caps with screw threads. Sometimes decorative caps are put on the corks.

All types of sealing plugs and caps must ensure the safety of products during transportation and storage and not interact with perfumery and cosmetic liquids and emulsions.

Thick creams and toothpastes are usually packaged in polymer, laminated or aluminum tubes. The complete use of the contents of the package depends on the material of the tube. It is better to give preference to a tube made of laminated material, since aluminum is coated on both sides with polymer materials, the tube bends well and the metal does not come into contact with the cosmetic product. The disadvantage of polymer packaging is that it is not fixed on the folds, and it is difficult to determine the remainder of the product in the package. In places of bends in tubes made of food-grade aluminum, the integrity of the lacquer inner coating may be compromised, and the metal migrates into the cosmetic product, which is extremely undesirable from a safety point of view.

Fat-based decorative cosmetics and creams can be packaged in polymer, metal or porcelain jars. They must be filled without voids to the brim or shoulders in accordance with the specified weight and must be closed with lids. All types of polymer containers must be made from materials that do not interact with cosmetic products and are approved for use in contact with food products. Packaging must ensure the preservation of the properties of perfumery and cosmetic products for established deadlines suitability and be convenient to use.

Fat-based decorative cosmetics products are also packaged in metal or plastic cases. Pencil cases must be tightly closed with lids. The pencil should not fall out of the pencil case, the pencil case's slider should move freely, and when it moves back, the pencil should not be cut off by the edges of the pencil case body.

Bottles, tubes and jars with cosmetics can be packed in cardboard boxes, cases, artistically designed.

Toilet soap is packaged in the form of pieces with a nominal weight of up to 300 g. Toilet soap is produced both without a wrapper and in a wrapper (usually “extra” group soap is produced in a wrapper). The paper wrapper of a soap may consist of one, two or three layers. The outer layer of the wrapper is artistically designed. Often, toilet soap is packaged in a single-layer wrapper made of transparent, translucent and opaque materials, laminated paper, and foil. Soap (1-4 pieces) can be packaged in soap boxes made of synthetic or other materials.

A compact mass of decorative cosmetics is packaged in metal or plastic trays, which are inserted into powder compacts or boxes. The tray should not spontaneously fall out of the powder compact when turned over. The top of the box with powdered powder should be covered with cellophane film. For a plastic box, you can use a plastic liner. Compact powder should be placed in powder compacts with a powder insert. A paper or polymer gasket is placed between the liner and the powder. Powder compacts are sometimes packaged in artistic cases with or without refills.

It should be noted that expert review The quality of cosmetic products almost always includes an assessment of packaging according to the following indicators:

1) the appropriateness of the packaging used;

2) environmental friendliness;

3) residual amount of product.

Much depends on the material used. Not all manufacturers have yet abandoned polyvinyl chloride, which is not recommended for packaging perfumes and cosmetics, as there are problems with its processing. However, environmentally friendly materials such as polyethylene are increasingly being used.

For perfumery and cosmetic products the most important conditions are climatic and sanitary-hygienic, as well as accommodation.

General storage conditions for most perfumery and cosmetic products require a temperature of 0 to 25 °C, placement in the manufacturer's packaging in covered, well-ventilated warehouses. When stored, they should not be exposed to direct sunlight and should not be located near heating devices.

Some perfume and cosmetic products require special conditions storage (perfumes, colognes) or creating a certain air humidity (toilet soap, toothpaste, mascara). Of all perfumery and cosmetic products, only shampoos based on synthetic surfactants and cosmetical tools in aerosol packaging, as they contain alcohol.

When storing, boxes of cosmetic products are placed in stacks no more than 2 m high, in packs and boxes. There should be gaps between the rows for air circulation. Fluctuations in relative air humidity are allowed from 75 to 90% at certain times of the day when storing goods that require a certain humidity, for example toilet soap, and are not grounds for “rejection”. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for the storage of perfumery and cosmetic products are similar to the requirements for other products. They include sanitation storage facilities, the goal of which is purity and the absence of microbiological and biological contamination.

They transport perfumes and cosmetics products by all types of transport in covered vehicles and universal containers in accordance with transportation rules.

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According to international standards There are strict standards for packaging and storage of perfumery and cosmetic products.

For perfume products, as a rule, a folding form of a case is used, glued along the side line of the wall and opening on both end sides; the surface of the cardboard is glossy and has a colored coating. Corrugated cardboard boxes (boxes) are used as storage containers. To protect bottles without cases from mechanical damage, boxes must have partitions or gratings; instead of partitions, it is also permissible to use a strip of corrugated cardboard around the bottles with a width not lower than the height of the bottle, which prevents them from touching. Bottles can be stored in group containers - shrink film without a tray, or with a corrugated cardboard tray. I also wrap the cases in paper several at a time and pack them into boxes. They are stored at a temperature not lower than +5 0 C and not higher than +25 0 C in hidden warehouses in the manufacturer's packaging. Products during storage should not be exposed to direct sunlight.

Hygienic cosmetics include cosmetic creams, gels, jellies, oils for skin care of the face, hands, body, for shaving and after shaving, shampoos and other body and hair care products, toothpastes, soaps, etc. The main storage conditions for such goods are a dry, closed, well-ventilated room (active ventilation should be used in warehouses) at a temperature not lower than minus 5 0 C and a relative air humidity not higher than 75%. During storage, boxes with goods should be stacked in stacks no more than 2 m high. There should be gaps between the rows for air circulation.

Decorative cosmetics have a distinctive feature, which are divided according to the main types of raw materials used for their production into: fat-based, powdery and compact products.

Fat-based products include lipsticks, lip gloss, etc. They are packaged in metal, plastic or a combination of pencil cases, which are stored in boxes made of cardboard or thick paper. They should be stored in dry, ventilated areas with a relative air humidity of no more than 70% at a temperature of 0 to 25 0 C.

Powdered and compact decorative cosmetics products must be stored in dry warehouses at a temperature not lower than 0 and not higher than +20 0 C and a relative humidity not higher than 70%. Storage of manicure varnishes at a temperature not lower than +5 0 C and not higher than + 25 0 C.

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4.4. Packaging, labeling, transportation and storage of perfumery and cosmetic products

The most important factors influencing the preservation of the quality of perfumes and cosmetics products include packaging and storage. The main purpose of packaging is to protect products from adverse external influences and reduce quantitative and qualitative losses of goods.

Quantitative losses and, as a consequence, changes in composition often lead to a loss of quality of perfumery and cosmetic products. Thus, as a result of evaporation of volatile substances, the viscosity increases and the consistency changes. Reducing both qualitative and quantitative losses depends primarily on the quality of packaging. For perfumery and cosmetic products, almost all types of packaging from a wide variety of materials are used: metal - tubes, aerosol cans; glass - bottles, jars; polymer – bags, bottles, tubes, jars; cardboard and paper, etc.

Quantitative losses are natural decline. Qualitative – evaporation of water, volatilization of alcohol, other solvents, volatilization of aromatic substances, spillage, breakage, increase in viscosity, hardening, weakening of odor (synthetic aromatic substances), change in odor (natural aromatic substances), color change, rancidity, spoilage of ingredients, the appearance of aeration and etc.

The basic requirements for packaging of perfumery and cosmetic products are as follows:

1) no interaction between the packaging material and the contents;

2) creating tightness during storage, transportation and use;

3) environmental friendliness;

4) profitability.

Requirements for packaging, transportation and storage of domestic perfumery and cosmetic products are established depending on their type, consistency and other features in regulatory documents.

Perfume products are packaged from 5 ml (trial perfumes) to 350 ml. For example, French perfumes are bottled in 15 ml bottles, while domestic perfumes are bottled in bottles with a capacity of up to 50 ml.

The packaging of perfumery products is marked, which must contain the following information for the consumer: name of the product, name of the country of manufacture and manufacturing company indicating the legal address, name of the product group, information on mandatory certification, month and year of production, composition, volume of products, standard designation, shelf life, product barcode (if available).

The name of the product is indicated on the front side of the label, other designations are on the product case.

Bottle styles with hangers are filled to the hanger, and when packaged in bottles without hangers, free space is left (no more than 4% of the bottle volume) to prevent rupture in the event of liquid expansion as the temperature rises.

Capping is done with a ground glass stopper, a screw cap using a plastic fungus (wad), an aluminum cap with a spray bottle, etc. Much attention is paid to the appearance of the bottle and packaging, as this affects the quality of the product. The bottles are placed in cardboard or plastic cases. Cases for perfumes from the “extra” group are covered with cellophane or plastic film to protect the packaging from damage during transportation and storage.

In conclusion of all the above, I would like to note that there is both a “dying” perfume and an “immortal” one. It all depends on the storage conditions. The composition of perfumery products affects the quality, but the preservation of quality is influenced even more significantly by correctly selected storage conditions for this particular composition. It is important not only to use the product correctly, but also to be able to create all the necessary conditions so that it does not lose its qualities. According to another expert in perfumery and cosmetics, when storing perfume, two rules must be followed: the first is “light is not a friend to perfume,” the second is “fragrances do not like heat.”

From this you can easily draw a conclusion about where it is best to place bottles with your favorite eau de toilette in the apartment. Window sills, open shelves and surfaces located directly opposite a source of sunlight are completely excluded. It is best to store perfume in a closet where it is dark and dry. But bathrooms (many people like to keep their entire perfume arsenal there) are completely unsuitable: the temperature is unstable and high relative humidity is typical.

The standard shelf life of perfumes, eau de toilette and other types of perfumes is 3 years, and it is completely independent of the concentration of aromatic substances in the product. It does not matter whether the perfume is used or kept sealed. All modern bubbles are equipped with a sprayer, and it is sealed. Only the date of manufacture is indicated on the packaging or bottom of the bottle. There are modern brands whose life expectancy is 4–5 years.

Perfume should be stored with a tightly closed cap or ground stopper in a cool place, out of reach of children and sunlight. You should also keep in mind that if the perfume changes color, it means that it has deteriorated. If sediment has formed at the bottom of the bottle, this indicates that this perfume contains a high content of natural oils. When sediment falls, the quality of the perfume remains the same. But nowadays this is extremely rare.

Heating may change the aroma as the aldol condensation process begins. Aldol condensation is the interaction of two aldehyde molecules, leading to the formation of an aldehyde alcohol. Thus, b-hydroxybutyraldehyde (aldol) is formed from acetaldehyde.

For example, one well-known company (manufacturer of perfumes and cosmetics) keeps cologne in barrels of different sizes made of cedar wood. Cedar not only preserves the aroma of cologne well, but also imparts its own scent to it.

The optimal temperature for storing perfume is 17–20 °C. The higher the concentration of aromatic substances, the faster they are subject to aging, which is why perfumes are usually bottled in small quantities (about 7.5 ml), but the more alcohol, the longer the shelf life. A sign of aging is a cloudiness of the contents and a change in the original odor and color, the color usually becomes darker.

The appearance of perfume products is determined by viewing bottles with perfume liquid in the transmitted light of a 40 W electric lamp at a distance of 20 cm from the lamp and 40 cm from the observer when turning the bottle upside down.

The color of perfumery products is determined by comparing the test and control samples, using strips of paper moistened with the test and control products.

The persistence of the odor is determined organoleptically, for which they take a strip (5 x 10 cm) of pre-washed gauze, which is dipped in perfume liquid and dried in a room with a temperature of +15 to +20 ° C.

As a rule, perfumery and cosmetic liquids and liquid emulsions are packaged in glass, polymer, porcelain or ceramic bottles. The bottles are sealed with ground glass stoppers with polyethylene seals, damper plugs, spray caps, screw-cut plastic caps with a locking cone or dosing device. Polyethylene bottles are most often sealed with polyethylene caps with screw threads. Sometimes decorative caps are put on the corks.

All types of sealing plugs and caps must ensure the safety of products during transportation and storage and not interact with perfumery and cosmetic liquids and emulsions.

Thick creams and toothpastes are usually packaged in polymer, laminated or aluminum tubes. The complete use of the contents of the package depends on the material of the tube. It is better to give preference to a tube made of laminated material, since aluminum is coated on both sides with polymer materials, the tube bends well and the metal does not come into contact with the cosmetic product. The disadvantage of polymer packaging is that it is not fixed on the folds, and it is difficult to determine the remainder of the product in the package. In places of bends in tubes made of food-grade aluminum, the integrity of the lacquer inner coating may be compromised, and the metal migrates into the cosmetic product, which is extremely undesirable from a safety point of view.

Fat-based decorative cosmetics and creams can be packaged in polymer, metal or porcelain jars. They must be filled without voids to the brim or shoulders in accordance with the specified weight and must be closed with lids. All types of polymer containers must be made from materials that do not interact with cosmetic products and are approved for use in contact with food. Packaging must ensure the preservation of the properties of perfumery and cosmetic products during the established shelf life and be convenient to use.

Fat-based decorative cosmetics products are also packaged in metal or plastic cases. Pencil cases must be tightly closed with lids. The pencil should not fall out of the pencil case, the pencil case's slider should move freely, and when it moves back, the pencil should not be cut off by the edges of the pencil case body.

Bottles, tubes and jars with cosmetics can be packed in cardboard boxes, cases, artistically designed.

Toilet soap is packaged in the form of pieces with a nominal weight of up to 300 g. Toilet soap is produced both without a wrapper and in a wrapper (usually “extra” group soap is produced in a wrapper). The paper wrapper of a soap may consist of one, two or three layers. The outer layer of the wrapper is artistically designed. Often, toilet soap is packaged in a single-layer wrapper made of transparent, translucent and opaque materials, laminated paper, and foil. Soap (1-4 pieces) can be packaged in soap boxes made of synthetic or other materials.

A compact mass of decorative cosmetics is packaged in metal or plastic trays, which are inserted into powder compacts or boxes. The tray should not spontaneously fall out of the powder compact when turned over. The top of the box with powdered powder should be covered with cellophane film. For a plastic box, you can use a plastic liner. Compact powder should be placed in powder compacts with a powder insert. A paper or polymer gasket is placed between the liner and the powder. Powder compacts are sometimes packaged in artistic cases with or without refills.

It should be noted that expert assessment of the quality of cosmetic products almost always includes an assessment of packaging according to the following indicators:

1) the appropriateness of the packaging used;

2) environmental friendliness;

3) residual amount of product.

Much depends on the material used. Not all manufacturers have yet abandoned polyvinyl chloride, which is not recommended for packaging perfumes and cosmetics, as there are problems with its processing. However, environmentally friendly materials such as polyethylene are increasingly being used.

For perfumery and cosmetic products, the most important conditions are climatic and sanitary conditions, as well as placement.

General storage conditions for most perfumery and cosmetic products require a temperature of 0 to 25 °C, placement in the manufacturer's packaging in covered, well-ventilated warehouses. When stored, they should not be exposed to direct sunlight and should not be located near heating devices.

Some perfumery and cosmetic products require special storage conditions (perfumes, colognes) or the creation of a certain air humidity (toilet soap, toothpaste, mascara). Of all perfumes and cosmetics, only shampoos based on synthetic surfactants and cosmetics in aerosol packaging can withstand temperatures down to –20 °C, since they contain alcohol.

When storing, boxes of cosmetic products are placed in stacks no more than 2 m high, in packs and boxes. There should be gaps between the rows for air circulation. Fluctuations in relative air humidity are allowed from 75 to 90% at certain times of the day when storing goods that require a certain humidity, for example toilet soap, and are not grounds for “rejection”. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for the storage of perfumery and cosmetic products are similar to the requirements for other products. They include sanitary and hygienic treatment of warehouse premises, the goal of which is cleanliness and the absence of microbiological and biological contamination.

They transport perfumes and cosmetics by all types of transport in covered vehicles and universal containers in accordance with transportation rules.

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