Kostroma State University Kostroma State University named after


Lyubov Mashkina 11:31 05/22/2013

I am a graduate of Kostroma State University. N.A. Nekrasova. I can be called a hereditary student of this educational institution, since my mother once graduated from it, however, we studied at different faculties: she - in philology, I - in music and pedagogy.

The year I entered, there was competition for admission to the Faculty of Music and Pedagogy, although it was small - two people per place. True, the situation has changed since then: universities in Ivanovo and Yaroslavl have opened...

Marina Salnichenko 09:57 04/28/2013

Kostroma State University named after N.A. Nekrasov (KSU named after N.A. Nekrasov) is located in the city of Kostroma, which, in turn, is located only 85 km from the capital of the Golden Ring - Yaroslavl. I entered there 10 years ago to the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics. There were no difficulties in admission, as they were accepted based on the results of school exams. The passing grade was 9, but I had as many as 10, since at school both mathematics and Russian were 5 (so start studying at school - it doesn’t hurt...

general information

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Kostroma State University named after N.A. Nekrasova"

language ksu.edu.ru

mail_outline[email protected]

phone 31-82-91, 39-16-01, 39-16-03, 39-16-06

License

No. 02343 valid indefinitely from 12/20/2011

Accreditation

No. 00983 valid from 04/30/2014

Previous names of KSU named after. ON THE. Nekrasova

  • Kostroma State Workers' and Peasants' University in memory of the October Revolution of 1917
  • Kostroma Teachers' Institute
  • Kostroma State Pedagogical Institute named after N. A. Nekrasov
  • Kostroma State Pedagogical University named after N. A. Nekrasov

Monitoring results of the Ministry of Education and Science for KSU named after. ON THE. Nekrasova

2016 result: by the decision of the Interdepartmental Commission of KSU named after. ON THE. Nekrasov is included in the group of universities in need of reorganization (report)

Index2015 2014
Performance indicator (out of 5 points)6 4
Average Unified State Examination score for all specialties and forms of study60.93 60.96
Average Unified State Examination score of those enrolled on the budget64.56 62.63
Average Unified State Examination score of those enrolled on a commercial basis58.98 60.36
Average minimum Unified State Exam score for all specialties for full-time students enrolled49.27 52.18
Number of students5381 5920
Full-time department2642 2917
Part-time department213 148
Extramural2526 2855
All data

Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov(full name: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov”) is a higher educational institution located in Kostroma.
The main part of the university's academic buildings is located in the central part of the city, on the embankment of the Volga River.

In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated March 10, 2016 No. 196, the university together with KSTU has been reorganized into Kostroma State University.

Story

Workers' and Peasants' University

The actual founding date of the university can be called 1918, when the “Kostroma State Workers’ and Peasants’ University in memory of the October Revolution of 1917” was opened. The legal document that legitimized the activities of the educational institution was the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of January 21, 1919, signed by V. I. Ulyanov-Lenin:

In commemoration of the October Revolution of 1917, which liberated the working masses from political, economic and spiritual oppression on the part of the propertied classes and opened wide paths for them to sources of knowledge and culture, establish state universities in the cities of Kostroma, Smolensk, Astrakhan and Tambov and transform them into state universities the former Demidov Legal Lyceum in Yaroslavl and the Pedagogical Institute in Samara. The date for opening universities is the day of the first anniversary of the October Revolution - November 7, 1918.

Classes at the educational institution began on November 17, 1918 with a lecture by private assistant professor, later world-famous anthropologist E. M. Chepurkovsky, “Types of prehistoric and modern population of Great Russia.” The first rector of the university was N. G. Gorodensky, a teacher of classical philology, but after working for a little over a year, he resigned due to health reasons. The next rector of the university was the head of the department of political economy and statistics, Professor F. A. Menkov. The university managed to assemble an excellent staff of teachers. Only 10 professors worked at the Faculty of Science. Such famous scientists as F. A. Petrovsky (classical philosophy), B. A. Romanov and A. F. Izyumov (history), A. I. Nekrasov (history and theory of art), V. F. Shishmarev (history of Western European literature and Romance philology), S. K. Shambinago (literary criticism), A. L. Sacchetti and Yu. P. Novitsky (law). Here the famous Pushkinist S. M. Bondi and the future academician historian N. M. Druzhinin took their first steps in teaching. Students of Kostroma University could hear brilliant speeches by People's Commissar of Education A.V. Lunacharsky, lectures by Fyodor Sologub on new literature and new theater.

The university initially included natural sciences, humanities and forestry faculties, and later pedagogical and medical faculties. Due to the country's policy of equal access to education, illiterate workers and peasants entered the university and could enroll without exams. The low educational level of students necessitated the opening of an educational association, which included a higher public school and a provincial society of public universities. Since 1919, the function of preparing students to study at the academic department was taken over by the working faculty that appeared at the university. In 1921, 3,333 students studied at all faculties.

Due to the severe consequences of the civil war and the transition to a new economic policy, which entailed a reduction in funding for educational institutions, the People's Commissariat of Education in the city decided to close or reorganize a number of young universities. Two universities were created on the basis of Kostroma University - a pedagogical institute (Institute of Public Education) and an agricultural one. In subsequent years, several educational institutions were created on the basis of the university, which were repeatedly transformed and changed the direction of their activities.

Pedagogical Institute

Pedagogical University

Large-scale socio-economic transformations in the country in the 1990s. contributed to the development of the university: it was able to preserve most of the heritage and pedagogical traditions that have been accumulated over the past decades. The number of students at the institute has doubled in 5 years. They received pedagogical education at 13 faculties in 19 specialties. There have been significant changes in the teaching staff: the number of teachers has exceeded four hundred, including about 170 doctors and candidates of science, professors and associate professors. The graduate school increased its composition almost fivefold (from 17 to 71 people), which worked in 14 specialties. In the period from 1991 to 1994, 4 doctors and 35 candidates of science were trained at KSPI. During these years, KSPI established business and scientific-methodological connections with educational institutions of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany), County Durham (Great Britain), the province of Halbæk (Denmark), universities in France, Poland and other countries. The result of this work was summed up by the certification of the university, which was followed in July 1994 by an order from the Minister of Education of the Russian Federation to rename it Kostroma State Pedagogical University. N. A. Nekrasova (KSPU).

The growth in the prestige of higher education, which began in the mid-1990s, gave impetus to the further development of the pedagogical university: branches of the KSPU were opened in the city of Sharya, Kostroma region and in the city of Kirovsk, Murmansk region, scientific directions and educational specialties inherent in classical universities. The logical result of the development was the order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation issued on January 5, 1999, which assigned the university the status of a classical university and the name “Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov.”

Rectorate

  • Naumov Alexander Rudolfovich, rector
  • Ershov Vladimir Nikolaevich, first vice-rector
  • Timonina Lyubov Ilyinichna, vice-rector for educational and methodological work
  • Gruzdev Vladislav Vladimirovich, vice-rector for scientific work
  • Podobin Alexey Evgenievich, Vice-Rector for External Relations and Development of the Sociocultural Environment

Educational activities

Institutes and faculties

  • Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology
  • Institute of Economics
  • Institute of Physics, Mathematics and Natural Sciences
  • Institute of History and Philology
  • Institute of Culture and Arts
  • Faculty of Law named after Yu.P. Novitsky

Research activities

Scientific schools and directions

The team of university scientists carries out fundamental, exploratory, applied, innovative and scientific-methodological research across the entire spectrum of sciences. Scientific schools and directions in modern university education, economic theory, Russian history, archeology, intercultural communication, jurisprudence, social psychology, literary criticism, phraseology and dialectology, social education, social work, chemical-thermal strengthening of materials, ecology, etc. are being developed.

Editorial and publishing activities

The main directions of editorial and publishing activities: publication of monographs, collections of scientific works, textbooks, teaching aids and other types of scientific and educational literature.
The university publishes scientific journals “Bulletin of KSU named after N. A. Nekrasov” (ISSN 1998-0817) and “Economics of Education” (ISSN 2072-9634), included in the List of periodicals scientific and scientific-technical publications published in the Russian Federation, in which recommend the publication of the main results of dissertations for the scientific degree of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences. These magazines, as well as the series “Bulletin of KSU named after N. A. Nekrasov: Pedagogy. Psychology. Social work. Juvenology. Sociokinetics" (ISSN 2073-1426) are included in the Russian Science Citation Index.

Postgraduate and doctoral studies

At the university, as a base university, there are 2 dissertation councils for the defense of dissertations for the academic degree of Doctor of Science and Candidate of Science in pedagogical and psychological sciences.

Science Library

The university's scientific library was created in November 1918. Recognizing the great importance of the scientific library for the university, the VI Provincial Congress of Soviets took place on September 20, 1918. spoke in favor of organizing a department of sociology and political economy within its structure and allocated 100 thousand rubles for these purposes. Books were purchased from individuals and accepted free of charge from organizations. The purchase of various publications in the capitals was organized. By 1921, the university had created a library that was significant on a provincial scale, which contained about 30 thousand copies of scientific, educational and fiction literature.

In 1949, when the teacher's institute was transformed into a pedagogical institute, the library's book stock amounted to 45 thousand book units, there were less than six hundred readers, and 4 librarians worked. In 1953, a reading room with 20 seats was organized in the library premises; the library area was 200 square meters. meters. Books from the store and library collection were carried on horseback, librarians themselves chopped wood and lit the stoves in the library.

In 1976, the library was given the premises of the sports hall (formerly the assembly hall of the Grigorovsky Women's Gymnasium), where there is currently a reading room with 200 seats under the scheme of open access to sources of active demand. Since 1981, the university's scientific library has occupied a premises with an area of ​​more than 2 thousand square meters. meters in the educational building "B". In 2007, a reading room was opened at the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology. Here, just like in the first reading room, there is a computer area and open access.

The library's holdings as of January 1, 2011 amounted to 609,540 copies, including scientific literature - 217,322 copies; received by the library in 2010 - 14504 copies, including scientific literature - 8437 copies; the electronic catalog as of 01/01/2011 is 137949 entries; card index of scientific works of teachers - 24294 records; electronic card index of articles - 44173 records; local history card index of articles - 8340 entries.

The majority of the fund consists of textbooks and teaching aids for all educational programs implemented at the university. Scientific literature is presented in sufficient quantities. The library collection includes both new and old, rare books on history, art, literature, pedagogy, psychology, published in the 18th - early 20th centuries, as well as unique examples of modern printing art.

In the library's collection, a special place is occupied by books from the libraries of Kostroma educational institutions, transferred many years ago to the young university. Over the 90 years of the university’s life, its library fund was replenished with gifts from bibliophiles P. T. Vinogradov, N. F. Zhokhov, S. I. Biryukov, I. A. Serov, V. S. Rozov, S. N. Samoilov and others. Informatization of educational and scientific processes has determined new priorities in the activities of the library. An electronic catalog for the library collection is being created. The introduction of the retro collection of the library of the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology into the electronic catalog and barcoding of documents for the organization of automated book distribution have begun. Users of the electronic reading room (opened in 2006) can get acquainted not only with electronic publications, but also with the latest business and educational literature presented by leading publishing houses.

Since 2003, the KSU scientific library has been a member of the Association of Regional Library Consortia. Parallel literature search services are available to users at a single access point through electronic catalogs of Russian libraries and union catalogs of the consortium, access to lists of newspaper and magazine articles of the Russian Book Chamber, an electronic database of dissertations of the Russian State Library, and a number of databases of scientific publishing houses. The creation of the website “The Royal Family of the Romanovs and the Kostroma Region” became possible thanks to the maintenance of the corresponding card index and collection of books collected in the rare book fund.

On September 1, 2011, the library opened in the main reading room " Book archive of the Terra publishing complex" The TERRA publishing house donated its archive to the university - more than 12,000 volumes of unique scientific and fiction literature, author's manuscripts and illustrative materials.

For many years, the library has been a methodological center coordinating the activities of libraries of vocational educational institutions in the Kostroma region. On its basis, seminars for library workers are held, and interuniversity sections operate in the main areas of library work.

Famous people

Rectors

  1. Talov Leonid Nikolaevich (1949-1954)
  2. Zemlyansky Fedor Markovich (1954-1961)
  3. Sinyazhnikov Mikhail Ivanovich (1961-1986)
  4. Panin Valentin Semyonovich (1986-1989)
  5. Rassadin Nikolai Mikhailovich (1989-2014)

Graduates

  • Batin, Mikhail Aleksandrovich - entrepreneur, chairman of the public organization “For increasing life expectancy.”
  • Vikenty (Novozhilov) - bishop of the Russian Orthodox Old Believer Church, bishop of Kostroma and Yaroslavl.
  • Golubev, Alexander Vyacheslavovich - speed skater, Honored Master of Sports (), champion of the XVII Winter Olympic Games () in the 500 m race.
  • Lebedev, Yuri Vladimirovich - Russian writer, literary critic, author of textbooks for secondary and higher schools; Doctor of Philology, Professor.
  • Popkov, Vladimir Mikhailovich - Soviet, Ukrainian and Russian film director, screenwriter, actor.
  • Rassadin, Nikolai Mikhailovich - rector of Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov; Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Professor.
  • Samoilov, Sergei Nikolaevich - Russian statesman, former adviser to the President of the Russian Federation (2001-2008)
  • Sitnikov, Sergei Konstantinovich - Russian statesman and political figure, governor of the Kostroma region (since 2012)
  • Skatov, Nikolai Nikolaevich - Russian philologist, literary critic; Doctor of Philology, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
  • Syrov, Valery Mikhailovich - Russian and Ukrainian artist, member of the Union of Artists of the USSR and the National Union of Artists of Ukraine.
  • Tsan-kai-si, Fedor Vasilievich - head of the department of Vladimir State Humanitarian University. P. I. Lebedev-Polyansky; Doctor of Philosophy, Professor.
  • Yakovenko, Alexander Nikolaevich - Ukrainian politician, leader of the Communist Party of Workers and Peasants of Ukraine.

Teachers

  • Lutoshkin, Anatoly Nikolaevich (1935-1979) - Russian psychologist, specialist in the field of social and educational psychology, author of the book “How to Lead.”
  • Umansky, Lev Ilyich (1921-1983) - Russian psychologist, specialist in the field of social and educational psychology, Doctor of Psychiatry. Sciences (1969), Professor (1969).
  • Chepurkovsky, Efim Mikhailovich (1871-1950) - Russian anthropologist, ethnographer, bibliographer.
  • Shishmarev, Vladimir Fedorovich (1875-1957) - Russian philologist, professor, full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1946), one of the most significant Russian novelists of the first half of the 20th century.

Honorary doctors and professors

  1. Peter Metten - State Chancellery of North Rhine-Westphalia - Düsseldorf, Germany - Year awarded the title: 2004
  2. Reinhold Glasss - "Fatter-consulting" LLC - Essen, Germany - Year of awarding the title: 2004
  3. Rolf Kohlsmann - University of Applied Sciences - Essen, Germany - Year awarded the title: 2004
  4. Gert Strasser - Evangelical University of Applied Sciences - Darmstadt, Germany - Year awarded the title: 2006
  5. Alexa Köhler-Offirski - Evangelical University of Applied Sciences - Darmstadt, Germany - Year awarded the title: 2006
  6. Harry Walter - Ernst Moritz Arndt University - Greifswald, Germany - Year awarded the title: 2008
  7. Winfried Seelisch - Evangelical University of Applied Sciences - Darmstadt, Germany - Year awarded the title: 2010
  8. Hans-Werner Gessmann - Center for advanced training, diagnostics and psychotherapy - Duisburg, Germany - Year awarded the title: 2011

In turn, the title of honorary member of the University of Applied Sciences in Darmstadt for active long-term cooperation was awarded to:

  1. Rassadin Nikolai Mikhailovich - rector of KSU named after. ON THE. Nekrasova - Year awarded the title: 2009
  2. Vaulina Lidiya Nikolaevna - Vice-Rector for International Affairs of KSU named after. ON THE. Nekrasova - Year awarded the title: 2009
  • In the park near the building. And a monument to A. A. Zinoviev was erected (2009, sculptor A. N. Kovalchuk)
  • Two university buildings on the street. 1 May (formerly Upper Embankment) are located in the buildings of the Kostroma Theological Seminary and the Grigorov Women's Gymnasium.

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Links

Literature

  • - ISBN 978-5-7591-0938-9
  • Kostroma State University: pages of history and modernity / 2nd ed., corrected. and additional Authors: D. A. Volkov, V. L. Milovidov, A. N. Ryabinin. - Kostroma: KSU named after. N. A. Nekrasova, 2002.- 488 p.
  • Science at KSU / A. R. Naumov, V. V. Chekmarev; Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. Federation, Kostroma. state University named after N. A. Nekrasova. - Kostroma: KSU, 2004. - 262 p. : ill., table. ; 21 cm. - On the region. auto. not specified. - ISBN 5-7591-0605-8
  • Professor of Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov / Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. Federations, State education institution of higher education prof. education "Kostroma. state University named after N. A. Nekrasova"; [editor: V.V. Chekmarev (chief editor), etc.]. - Kostroma: [Kostroma. state University named after N. A. Nekrasova], 2004. - 151 p., l. portrait ; 21 cm. - Bibliography. at the end of Art. - ISBN 5-7591-0606-6
  • . - Kostroma: KSU named after. N. A. Nekrasova, 2011. - 112 p. - ISBN 978-5-7591-1179-5

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An excerpt characterizing Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov

What was going on in this childish, receptive soul, which so greedily caught and assimilated all the varied impressions of life? How did it all fit into her? But she was very happy. Already approaching the house, she suddenly began to sing the tune of the song: “Like powder since the evening,” a tune that she had been catching all the way and finally caught.
- Did you catch it? - said Nikolai.
- What were you thinking about now, Nikolenka? – Natasha asked. “They loved asking each other that.”
- I? - Nikolai said, remembering; - you see, at first I thought that Rugai, the red male, looked like his uncle and that if he were a man, he would still keep his uncle with him, if not for the race, then for the frets, he would have kept everything. How nice he is, uncle! Is not it? - Well, what about you?
- I? Wait, wait. Yes, at first I thought that we were driving and we thought that we were going home, and God knows where we were going in this darkness and suddenly we would arrive and see that we were not in Otradny, but in a magical kingdom. And then I also thought... No, nothing more.
“I know, I was right about him,” Nikolai said, smiling, as Natasha recognized by the sound of his voice.
“No,” Natasha answered, although at the same time she really was thinking about Prince Andrei, and about how he would like his uncle. “And I keep repeating, I repeat all the way: how well Anisyushka performed, well...” said Natasha. And Nikolai heard her ringing, causeless, happy laughter.
“You know,” she suddenly said, “I know that I will never be as happy and calm as I am now.”
“This is nonsense, nonsense, lies,” said Nikolai and thought: “What a charm this Natasha is! I don’t have and never will have such another friend. Why should she get married, everyone would go with her!”
“What a charm this Nikolai is!” thought Natasha. - A! there’s still a fire in the living room,” she said, pointing to the windows of the house, which shone beautifully in the wet, velvety darkness of the night.

Count Ilya Andreich resigned from the leadership because this position was associated with too much expense. But things didn’t improve for him. Often Natasha and Nikolai saw secret, restless negotiations between their parents and heard talk about the sale of a rich, ancestral Rostov house and a house near Moscow. Without a leader there was no need to have such a large reception, and Otradnensky life was conducted more quietly than in previous years; but the huge house and outbuildings were still full of people, and more people still sat down at the table. All these were people who had settled into the house, almost members of the family, or those who, it seemed, had to live in the count’s house. These were Dimmler - a musician with his wife, Yogel - a dance teacher with his family, the old lady Belova, who lived in the house, and many others: Petya's teachers, the young ladies' former governess and simply people who were better or more profitable to live with the count than at home. There was not such a big visit as before, but the course of life was the same, without which the count and countess could not imagine life. There was the same hunting, even increased by Nikolai, the same 50 horses and 15 coachmen in the stable, the same expensive gifts on name days, and ceremonial dinners for the entire district; the same count whists and bostons, for which he, throwing out cards to everyone, allowed himself to be beaten by hundreds every day by his neighbors, who looked at the right to form Count Ilya Andreich’s game as the most profitable lease.
The Count, as if in a huge snare, walked about his affairs, trying not to believe that he was entangled and with each step becoming more and more entangled and feeling unable either to break the nets that entangled him or to carefully, patiently begin to untangle them. The Countess felt with a loving heart that her children were going bankrupt, that the Count was not to blame, that he could not be different from what he was, that he himself was suffering (although he hid it) from the consciousness of his own and his children’s ruin, and she was looking for means to help the cause. From her female point of view, there was only one remedy - Nikolai's marriage to a rich bride. She felt that this was the last hope, and that if Nikolai refused the match that she had found for him, she would have to say goodbye forever to the opportunity to improve matters. This party was Julie Karagina, the daughter of a beautiful, virtuous mother and father, known to the Rostovs from childhood, and now a rich bride on the occasion of the death of the last of her brothers.
The Countess wrote directly to Karagina in Moscow, proposing her daughter's marriage to her son, and received a favorable response from her. Karagina replied that she, for her part, agreed that everything would depend on her daughter’s inclination. Karagina invited Nikolai to come to Moscow.
Several times, with tears in her eyes, the countess told her son that now that both of her daughters were settled, her only desire was to see him married. She said that she would have gone to bed calm if that had been the case. Then she said that she had a beautiful girl in mind and asked his opinion about marriage.
In other conversations, she praised Julie and advised Nikolai to go to Moscow for the holidays to have fun. Nikolai guessed where his mother’s conversations were heading, and in one of these conversations he called her to complete frankness. She told him that all hope of improving matters was now based on his marriage to Karagina.
- Well, if I loved a girl without a fortune, would you really demand, maman, that I sacrifice my feelings and honor for the fortune? - he asked his mother, not understanding the cruelty of his question and only wanting to show his nobility.
“No, you didn’t understand me,” said the mother, not knowing how to justify herself. “You didn’t understand me, Nikolinka.” “I wish your happiness,” she added and felt that she was telling a lie, that she was confused. - She cried.
“Mama, don’t cry, just tell me that you want this, and you know that I will give my whole life, everything, so that you can be calm,” said Nikolai. I will sacrifice everything for you, even my feelings.
But that’s not how the Countess wanted to pose the question: she didn’t want a sacrifice from her son, she herself would like to sacrifice to him.
“No, you didn’t understand me, we won’t talk,” she said, wiping away her tears.
“Yes, maybe I love the poor girl,” Nikolai said to himself, well, should I sacrifice my feelings and honor for my fortune? I'm surprised how my mother could tell me this. Because Sonya is poor, I cannot love her, he thought, “I cannot respond to her faithful, devoted love. And I’ll probably be happier with her than with some Julie doll. I can always sacrifice my feelings for the good of my family, he told himself, but I cannot command my feelings. If I love Sonya, then my feeling is stronger and higher than anything else for me.”
Nikolai did not go to Moscow, the countess did not resume conversation with him about marriage, and with sadness, and sometimes even embitterment, she saw signs of greater and greater rapprochement between her son and the dowryless Sonya. She reproached herself for this, but could not help but grumble and find fault with Sonya, often stopping her for no reason, calling her “you” and “my dear.” Most of all, the good countess was angry with Sonya because this poor, dark-eyed niece was so meek, so kind, so devotedly grateful to her benefactors, and so faithfully, invariably, selflessly in love with Nicholas, that it was impossible to reproach her for anything. .
Nikolai spent his vacation with his relatives. A fourth letter was received from Prince Andrei's fiancé, from Rome, in which he wrote that he would have long been on his way to Russia if his wound had not unexpectedly opened in a warm climate, which forces him to postpone his departure until the beginning of next year . Natasha was just as in love with her fiancé, just as calmed by this love and just as receptive to all the joys of life; but at the end of the fourth month of separation from him, moments of sadness began to come over her, against which she could not fight. She felt sorry for herself, it was a pity that she had wasted all this time for nothing, for no one, during which she felt so capable of loving and being loved.
It was sad in the Rostovs' house.

Christmastide came, and besides the ceremonial mass, except for the solemn and boring congratulations of neighbors and courtyards, except for everyone wearing new dresses, there was nothing special to commemorate Christmastide, and in the windless 20-degree frost, in the bright blinding sun during the day and in the starry winter light at night, I felt the need for some kind of commemoration of this time.
On the third day of the holiday, after lunch, all the household went to their rooms. It was the most boring time of the day. Nikolai, who went to see his neighbors in the morning, fell asleep in the sofa. The old count was resting in his office. Sonya was sitting at the round table in the living room, sketching a pattern. The Countess was laying out the cards. Nastasya Ivanovna the jester with a sad face was sitting at the window with two old women. Natasha entered the room, walked up to Sonya, looked at what she was doing, then walked up to her mother and stopped silently.
- Why are you walking around like a homeless person? - her mother told her. - What do you want?
“I need it... now, this very minute, I need it,” said Natasha, her eyes sparkling and not smiling. – The Countess raised her head and looked intently at her daughter.
- Don't look at me. Mom, don't look, I'm going to cry now.
“Sit down, sit with me,” said the countess.
- Mom, I need it. Why am I disappearing like this, mom?...” Her voice broke off, tears flowed from her eyes, and in order to hide them, she quickly turned and left the room. She went into the sofa room, stood there, thought, and went to the girls’ room. There, the old maid was grumbling at a young girl who had come running out of breath from the cold from the yard.
“He will play something,” said the old woman. - For all the time.
“Let her in, Kondratievna,” said Natasha. - Go, Mavrusha, go.
And letting go of Mavrusha, Natasha went through the hall to the hallway. An old man and two young footmen were playing cards. They interrupted the game and stood up as the young lady entered. “What should I do with them?” thought Natasha. - Yes, Nikita, please go... where should I send him? - Yes, go to the yard and please bring the rooster; yes, and you, Misha, bring some oats.
- Would you like some oats? – Misha said cheerfully and willingly.
“Go, go quickly,” the old man confirmed.
- Fyodor, get me some chalk.
Passing by the buffet, she ordered the samovar to be served, although it was not the right time.
Fok's barman was the angriest man in the whole house. Natasha loved to try her power over him. He didn't believe her and went to ask if it was true?
- This young lady! - said Foka, feigning a frown at Natasha.
No one in the house sent away as many people and gave them as much work as Natasha. She could not see people indifferently, so as not to send them somewhere. She seemed to be trying to see if one of them would get angry or pout with her, but people didn’t like to carry out anyone’s orders as much as Natasha’s. “What should I do? Where should I go? Natasha thought, walking slowly down the corridor.
- Nastasya Ivanovna, what will be born from me? - she asked the jester, who was walking towards her in his short coat.
“You give rise to fleas, dragonflies, and blacksmiths,” answered the jester.
- My God, my God, it’s all the same. Oh, where should I go? What should I do with myself? “And she quickly, stamping her feet, ran up the stairs to Vogel, who lived with his wife on the top floor. Vogel had two governesses sitting at his place, and there were plates of raisins, walnuts and almonds on the table. The governesses were talking about where it was cheaper to live, in Moscow or Odessa. Natasha sat down, listened to their conversation with a serious, thoughtful face, and stood up. “The island of Madagascar,” she said. “Ma da gas kar,” she repeated each syllable clearly and, without answering m me Schoss’s questions about what she was saying, left the room. Petya, her brother, was also upstairs: he and his uncle were arranging fireworks, which they intended to set off at night. - Peter! Petka! - she shouted to him, - take me down. s - Petya ran up to her and offered her his back. She jumped on him, clasping his neck with her arms, and he jumped and ran with her. “No, no, it’s the island of Madagascar,” she said and, jumping off, went down.
As if having walked around her kingdom, tested her power and made sure that everyone was submissive, but that it was still boring, Natasha went into the hall, took the guitar, sat down in a dark corner behind the cabinet and began plucking the strings in the bass, making a phrase that she remembered from one opera heard in St. Petersburg together with Prince Andrei. For outside listeners, something came out of her guitar that had no meaning, but in her imagination, because of these sounds, a whole series of memories were resurrected. She sat behind the cupboard, her eyes fixed on the strip of light falling from the pantry door, listened to herself and remembered. She was in a state of memory.
Sonya walked across the hall to the buffet with a glass. Natasha looked at her, at the crack in the pantry door, and it seemed to her that she remembered that light was falling through the crack from the pantry door and that Sonya walked through with a glass. “Yes, and it was exactly the same,” thought Natasha. - Sonya, what is this? – Natasha shouted, fingering the thick string.
- Oh, you’re here! - Sonya said, shuddering, and came up and listened. - Don't know. Storm? – she said timidly, afraid of making a mistake.
“Well, in exactly the same way she shuddered, in the same way she came up and smiled timidly then, when it was already happening,” Natasha thought, “and in the same way... I thought that something was missing in her.”
- No, this is the choir from the Water-bearer, do you hear! – And Natasha finished singing the choir’s tune to make it clear to Sonya.
-Where did you go? – Natasha asked.
- Change the water in the glass. I'll finish the pattern now.
“You’re always busy, but I can’t do it,” said Natasha. -Where is Nikolai?
- He seems to be sleeping.
“Sonya, go wake him up,” said Natasha. - Tell him that I call him to sing. “She sat and thought about what it meant, that it all happened, and, without resolving this question and not at all regretting it, again in her imagination she was transported to the time when she was with him, and he looked with loving eyes looked at her.
“Oh, I wish he would come soon. I'm so afraid that this won't happen! And most importantly: I'm getting old, that's what! What is now in me will no longer exist. Or maybe he’ll come today, he’ll come now. Maybe he came and is sitting there in the living room. Maybe he arrived yesterday and I forgot.” She stood up, put down the guitar and went into the living room. All the household, teachers, governesses and guests were already sitting at the tea table. People stood around the table, but Prince Andrei was not there, and life was still the same.
“Oh, here she is,” said Ilya Andreich, seeing Natasha enter. - Well, sit down with me. “But Natasha stopped next to her mother, looking around, as if she was looking for something.
- Mother! - she said. “Give it to me, give it to me, mom, quickly, quickly,” and again she could hardly hold back her sobs.
She sat down at the table and listened to the conversations of the elders and Nikolai, who also came to the table. “My God, my God, the same faces, the same conversations, dad holding the cup in the same way and blowing in the same way!” thought Natasha, feeling with horror the disgust rising in her against everyone at home because they were still the same.
After tea, Nikolai, Sonya and Natasha went to the sofa, to their favorite corner, where their most intimate conversations always began.

“It happens to you,” Natasha said to her brother when they sat down in the sofa, “it happens to you that it seems to you that nothing will happen - nothing; what was all that was good? And not just boring, but sad?
- And how! - he said. “It happened to me that everything was fine, everyone was cheerful, but it would come to my mind that I was already tired of all this and that everyone needed to die.” Once I didn’t go to the regiment for a walk, but there was music playing there... and so I suddenly became bored...
- Oh, I know that. I know, I know,” Natasha picked up. – I was still little, this happened to me. Do you remember, once I was punished for plums and you all danced, and I sat in the classroom and sobbed, I will never forget: I was sad and I felt sorry for everyone, and myself, and I felt sorry for everyone. And, most importantly, it wasn’t my fault,” Natasha said, “do you remember?
“I remember,” said Nikolai. “I remember that I came to you later and I wanted to console you and, you know, I was ashamed. We were terribly funny. I had a bobblehead toy then and I wanted to give it to you. Do you remember?
“Do you remember,” Natasha said with a thoughtful smile, how long ago, long ago, we were still very little, an uncle called us into the office, back in the old house, and it was dark - we came and suddenly there was standing there...
“Arap,” Nikolai finished with a joyful smile, “how can I not remember?” Even now I don’t know that it was a blackamoor, or we saw it in a dream, or we were told.
- He was gray, remember, and had white teeth - he stood and looked at us...
– Do you remember, Sonya? - Nikolai asked...
“Yes, yes, I remember something too,” Sonya answered timidly...
“I asked my father and mother about this blackamoor,” said Natasha. - They say that there was no blackamoor. But you remember!
- Oh, how I remember his teeth now.
- How strange it is, it was like a dream. I like it.
- Do you remember how we were rolling eggs in the hall and suddenly two old women began to spin around on the carpet? Was it or not? Do you remember how good it was?
- Yes. Do you remember how dad in a blue fur coat fired a gun on the porch? “They turned over, smiling with pleasure, memories, not sad old ones, but poetic youthful memories, those impressions from the most distant past, where dreams merge with reality, and laughed quietly, rejoicing at something.
Sonya, as always, lagged behind them, although their memories were common.
Sonya did not remember much of what they remembered, and what she did remember did not arouse in her the poetic feeling that they experienced. She only enjoyed their joy, trying to imitate it.
She took part only when they remembered Sonya's first visit. Sonya told how she was afraid of Nikolai, because he had strings on his jacket, and the nanny told her that they would sew her into strings too.
“And I remember: they told me that you were born under cabbage,” said Natasha, “and I remember that I didn’t dare not believe it then, but I knew that it wasn’t true, and I was so embarrassed.”
During this conversation, the maid's head poked out of the back door of the sofa room. “Miss, they brought the rooster,” the girl said in a whisper.
“No need, Polya, tell me to carry it,” said Natasha.
In the middle of the conversations going on in the sofa, Dimmler entered the room and approached the harp that stood in the corner. He took off the cloth and the harp made a false sound.
“Eduard Karlych, please play my beloved Nocturiene by Monsieur Field,” said the voice of the old countess from the living room.
Dimmler struck a chord and, turning to Natasha, Nikolai and Sonya, said: “Young people, how quietly they sit!”
“Yes, we are philosophizing,” Natasha said, looking around for a minute and continuing the conversation. The conversation was now about dreams.
Dimmer started to play. Natasha silently, on tiptoe, walked up to the table, took the candle, took it out and, returning, quietly sat down in her place. It was dark in the room, especially on the sofa on which they were sitting, but through the large windows the silver light of the full moon fell onto the floor.
“You know, I think,” Natasha said in a whisper, moving closer to Nikolai and Sonya, when Dimmler had already finished and was still sitting, weakly plucking the strings, apparently indecisive to leave or start something new, “that when you remember like that, you remember, you remember everything.” , you remember so much that you remember what happened before I was in the world...
“This is Metampsic,” said Sonya, who always studied well and remembered everything. – The Egyptians believed that our souls were in animals and would go back to animals.
“No, you know, I don’t believe it, that we were animals,” Natasha said in the same whisper, although the music had ended, “but I know for sure that we were angels here and there somewhere, and that’s why we remember everything.” ...
-Can I join you? - said Dimmler, who approached quietly and sat down next to them.
- If we were angels, then why did we fall lower? - said Nikolai. - No, this cannot be!
“Not lower, who told you that lower?... Why do I know what I was before,” Natasha objected with conviction. - After all, the soul is immortal... therefore, if I live forever, that’s how I lived before, lived for all eternity.
“Yes, but it’s hard for us to imagine eternity,” said Dimmler, who approached the young people with a meek, contemptuous smile, but now spoke as quietly and seriously as they did.
– Why is it difficult to imagine eternity? - Natasha said. - Today it will be, tomorrow it will be, it will always be and yesterday it was and yesterday it was...
- Natasha! now it's your turn. “Sing me something,” the countess’s voice was heard. - That you sat down like conspirators.
- Mother! “I don’t want to do that,” Natasha said, but at the same time she stood up.
All of them, even the middle-aged Dimmler, did not want to interrupt the conversation and leave the corner of the sofa, but Natasha stood up, and Nikolai sat down at the clavichord. As always, standing in the middle of the hall and choosing the most advantageous place for resonance, Natasha began to sing her mother’s favorite piece.
She said that she did not want to sing, but she had not sung for a long time before, and for a long time since, the way she sang that evening. Count Ilya Andreich, from the office where he was talking with Mitinka, heard her singing, and like a student, in a hurry to go play, finishing the lesson, he got confused in his words, giving orders to the manager and finally fell silent, and Mitinka, also listening, silently with a smile, stood in front of count. Nikolai did not take his eyes off his sister, and took a breath with her. Sonya, listening, thought about what a huge difference there was between her and her friend and how impossible it was for her to be even remotely as charming as her cousin. The old countess sat with a happily sad smile and tears in her eyes, occasionally shaking her head. She thought about Natasha, and about her youth, and about how there was something unnatural and terrible in this upcoming marriage of Natasha with Prince Andrei.
Dimmler sat down next to the countess and closed his eyes, listening.
“No, Countess,” he said finally, “this is a European talent, she has nothing to learn, this softness, tenderness, strength...”
- Ah! “how I’m afraid for her, how afraid I am,” said the countess, not remembering who she was talking to. Her maternal instinct told her that there was too much of something in Natasha, and that this would not make her happy. Natasha had not yet finished singing when an enthusiastic fourteen-year-old Petya ran into the room with the news that the mummers had arrived.
Natasha suddenly stopped.
- Fool! - she screamed at her brother, ran up to the chair, fell on it and sobbed so much that she could not stop for a long time.
“Nothing, Mama, really nothing, just like this: Petya scared me,” she said, trying to smile, but the tears kept flowing and sobs were choking her throat.
Dressed up servants, bears, Turks, innkeepers, ladies, scary and funny, bringing with them coldness and fun, at first timidly huddled in the hallway; then, hiding one behind the other, they were forced into the hall; and at first shyly, and then more and more cheerfully and amicably, songs, dances, choral and Christmas games began. The Countess, recognizing the faces and laughing at those dressed up, went into the living room. Count Ilya Andreich sat in the hall with a radiant smile, approving of the players. The youth disappeared somewhere.
Half an hour later, an old lady in hoops appeared in the hall between the other mummers - it was Nikolai. Petya was Turkish. Payas was Dimmler, hussar was Natasha and Circassian was Sonya, with a painted cork mustache and eyebrows.
After condescending surprise, lack of recognition and praise from those not dressed up, the young people found that the costumes were so good that they had to show them to someone else.
Nikolai, who wanted to take everyone along an excellent road in his troika, proposed, taking with him ten dressed up servants, to go to his uncle.
- No, why are you upsetting him, the old man! - said the countess, - and he has nowhere to turn. Let's go to the Melyukovs.
Melyukova was a widow with children of various ages, also with governesses and tutors, who lived four miles from Rostov.
“That’s clever, ma chère,” the old count picked up, getting excited. - Let me get dressed now and go with you. I'll stir up Pashetta.
But the countess did not agree to let the count go: his leg hurt all these days. They decided that Ilya Andreevich could not go, but that if Luisa Ivanovna (m me Schoss) went, then the young ladies could go to Melyukova. Sonya, always timid and shy, began to beg Louisa Ivanovna more urgently than anyone not to refuse them.

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About the university

“Kostroma State Workers' and Peasants' University in memory of the October Revolution of 1917” - under this name, on the initiative of local authorities, the first university of our city appeared. The Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of January 21, 1919 legitimized the establishment of the state university and decided to consider November 7, 1918 as the date for its opening. With these important events, the difficult history of university education in Kostroma began.

The building of the Noble Assembly on the former Pavlovskaya Street (now Mira Avenue) temporarily became the main building of the university. Classes began on November 17, 1918 with a lecture by private assistant professor, later world-famous anthropologist E. M. Chepurkovsky, “Types of prehistoric and modern population of Great Russia,” read in the White Hall.

The first rector of the university created in Kostroma was Professor N. G. Gorodensky, who taught classical philosophy and already had experience in organizing a university in Tiflis, where he was the first rector, and Professor M. I. Kovalevsky, who was elected vice-rector, received his education abroad, mainly in the famous Gottingen university. At the end of 1919, when N. G. Gorodensky resigned as rector for health reasons, the head of the department of political economy and statistics, Professor F. A. Menkov, became the head of the university.

Despite the socio-economic difficulties, the new university absorbed the best traditions of Russian higher education. Kostroma residents specially went to get acquainted with the organization of educational affairs at Moscow State University, some of whose professors and students became teachers of the new university, and the dean of the Faculty of Humanities, Professor V.F. Shishmarev, who had previously taught in St. Petersburg, could not help but bring in the traditions of Petrograd university education.

The university managed to assemble an excellent staff of teachers. Only at the Faculty of Science there were 10 professors. Such famous scientists as F. A. Petrovsky (classical philosophy), B. A. Romanov and A. F. Izyumov (history), A. I. Nekrasov (history and theory of art), V. F. Shishmarev (history of Western European literature and Romance philology), S. K. Shambinago (literary criticism), A. L. Sacchetti and Yu. P. Novitsky (law). Here the famous Pushkinist S. M. Bondi (who made his first scientific discoveries as a student) and the future academician historian N. M. Druzhinin took their first steps in teaching. Students of Kostroma University could hear brilliant speeches by the then People's Commissar of Education A.V. Lunacharsky, lectures by the remarkable Silver Age writer F. Sologub on new literature and new theater.

Along with the main faculties of science and humanities, the VI Provincial Congress of Soviets, taking into account the social needs of the region, proposed opening special faculties, primarily forestry and pedagogy. A year later, a medical department was opened. The university quickly turned into a large educational center.

Since workers and peasants could enter the university without exams, there were 2,494 students enrolled in the humanities, natural sciences and forestry faculties. However, the illiterate students had a vague idea of ​​academic education. When they heard lectures on psychology, the history of philosophy and other disciplines, their interest in studying at the university could not help but decrease: the students clearly lacked basic training. In this regard, an educational association was opened at the university, which included a higher public school and a provincial society of public universities. Since 1919, the function of preparing students to study in the academic department was taken over by the working faculty that appeared at the university.

The consequences of the Civil War, the introduction of a new economic policy, and reductions in education funding led to the fact that already in 1921 the young university was closed. However, the educational and scientific potential of the university was in demand. The Faculty of Science was transformed into the Practical Agricultural Institute, and the Faculty of Education was merged with the Institute of Public Education, as a result of which an independent pedagogical institute was created, which existed for about two years.

The problem of lack of funds led to further reorganization: in 1923, the institute merged with the pedagogical technical school, which existed on the basis of the teachers’ seminary, closed in 1918. The number of students at the technical school, located in the building of the former men’s gymnasium on Muravyovka (now building “A” of the technological university), after the closure of the university increased tenfold - more than 600 people.

In November 1924, the Kostroma Pedagogical and Vasilievsky Agricultural Technical Schools merged, as a result of which the M. Gorky Agricultural Pedagogical Technical School was formed, which trained teachers and agronomists in two departments. In 1927, a third department was opened - political and educational, which trained propaganda workers for the village.

In connection with preparations for the transition to compulsory primary education, in 1928 the technical school again became pedagogical and included two departments - school (daytime) and preschool (evening). Pedagogical courses are also regularly organized at the technical school to relieve tension in the provision of teaching staff.

In 1937, the pedagogical technical school was transformed into a pedagogical school. Thanks to the activities of its director T. E. Naumova, head teacher E. A. Voskresenskaya, Russian language methodologist V. I. Zhdanova, talented painter B. N. Tsarnakh, historian L. A. Pombrak and other teachers, it became possible to preserve in those years traditions of teacher education in Kostroma.

In connection with the course taken by the country towards compulsory seven-year education, the scope of the school for the pedagogical educational institution in Kostroma turned out to be narrow. In 1939, by decision of the People's Commissariat of Education, the school was transformed into a teacher's institute, which at various times until 1949 was headed by P. L. Chernova, G. I. Barashkova, M. P. Kroshkina, Ya. D. Gilenko, N. A. Vilinskaya , P. Ya. Aleshkin, A. D. Volkov. The difficult 1940s became a period of relative stability in the development of the university. Initially, two departments were opened at the institute: Russian language and literature and physics and mathematics. From 1940 to 1946 There was a historical department, united during the war with the verbal department, and then again divided into two independent educational divisions. At the end of the war, a natural-geographical department also emerged.

After the Great Patriotic War, the teaching staff of the university began to change qualitatively. The first doctor of philological sciences and professor at the institute was A. V. Mirtov. The classes were conducted at a high scientific and methodological level by philologists M. N. Borzhek, N. A. Vilinskaya, N. A. Shchavelkina, historians K. A. Buldakov and I. E. Pakhomov, and psychologist F. T. Kuimov. The energetic work of the director of the institute, A.D. Volkov, whose life was unexpectedly cut short in March 1949, and therefore he did not live to realize his dream of raising the status of the university, was aimed at improving the qualifications of teaching staff, strengthening the material base, and equipping classrooms and laboratories. , transforming it into a pedagogical institute.

In 1946, the university was named after the Russian poet Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov, whose 125th birthday was then widely celebrated in the country. During the short period of its existence (the last graduation was made in 1952), the teacher's institute trained about 1,200 teachers.

From 1949, for more than 45 years, the university would become the Kostroma State Pedagogical Institute named after N. A. Nekrasov, although until 1953, the teachers’ and pedagogical institutes functioned in parallel and graduates of the teachers’ university often continued their studies in the third year of the pedagogical university. L. N. Talov (from 1949 to 1954), a graduate of MIFLI, a historian, became the director of the institute in a time of transition for the university. On January 1, 1950, the total number of full-time and part-time students was more than 1,800 people. By 1952, 84 teachers were already working in 15 departments of the institute, among whom were two doctors and 33 candidates of science.

In those years, well-known scientists worked at the Faculty of History and Philology: Doctor of Philology D. E. Tamarchenko, M. N. Belov - in subsequent years the author of many studies on the history of the working class of pre-revolutionary Russia and the history of the Kostroma region, who in 1955 replaced K. . A. Buldakova as head of the Department of History of Russia. In 1953, the first graduate of the Faculty of History and Philology took place. Among this year’s graduates is N. N. Skatov, later a world-famous scientist who headed the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House) for many years.

Many talented students were educated by teachers of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics Ya. D. Gilenko, B. F. Rubilov, Doctor of Physics and Mathematics D. A. Raikov, who previously worked at the Mathematical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

Students of the Faculty of Natural Sciences studied the nature of their native land together with their teachers: M. I. Toropova, P. I. Belozerov, N. I. Chudinovskikh, A. V. Alexandrova, V. N. Kolpakov and other talented specialists. Professor A.L. Zelikman was a very bright personality, a comprehensively erudite person and a creative researcher. To this day, students study invertebrate zoology using his workshop published in 1965.

Thanks to the highly qualified teachers, scientific activity at the institute is strengthened. In 1951, the first collection of scientific works of teachers and students of the institute was published - “Scientific Notes of the KSPI” (the publication of each article at that time required permission from the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR). During the 1950–1951 academic year, a scientific student society was formed, uniting students in 15 scientific circles. By 1953, the NSO already numbered 78 people. The best students were sent to graduate schools in the capital.

Since 1954, the institute has been headed by F. M. Zemlyansky, an initiative rector, under whom the university has a basic school - secondary school No. 29 in the city of Kostroma. The school's teachers are appointed by order of the rector of the institute, its students have priority when entering KSPI, students here test pedagogical innovations in practice.

In the 1950s The material and technical equipment of departments and classrooms is being improved, and new educational laboratories are opening. In the same year, a new dormitory for 275 places was built on Tekstilshchikov Avenue for teachers and students of KSPI.

1960s–1980s – a period of increasing qualitative changes in the pedagogical institute, due to the introduction of universal secondary education in the country. During this period, M.I. Sinyazhnikov became the rector of the institute, having headed KSPI for 25 years from 1961. The new rector will organize a close-knit team of competent specialists. Among them stood out such scientists and talented organizers as I.P. Shulman and A.K. Shustov, who were deputy rectors for educational and scientific work and deans of university faculties. N.I. Korochkin headed the correspondence department for almost 30 years. All of them, having walked the roads of the Great Patriotic War with honor, managed to do a lot to strengthen the prestige of KSPI, and worthily continued the best traditions in the development of domestic education.

In 1964, the university was given an educational building on May 1st Street (now building “A” of the university). Construction is underway with the subsequent commissioning of a hostel on Shchemilovka Street for 850 places (1968), a sports building on Pyatnitskaya Street (1973), and an educational building “B” (1982).

In connection with the transition to a five-year term of study, the educational and methodological work of faculties and departments is being restructured.
The Faculty of History and Philology works effectively during this period, which in September 1966 will be divided into the Faculty of History and Pedagogy and the Faculty of Russian Language and Literature. Among the first graduates of East Phil with a five-year period of study are now well-known scientists not only in Kostroma, but throughout Russia - literary scholars N. N. Skatov, Yu. V. Lebedev, V. V. Tikhomirov, dialectologist N. S. Gantsovskaya. Future teachers, graduates of KSPI L. D. Volkova, B. M. Kozlov, T. I. Pakhomov, G. I. Mashirova, were inspired to do research work by the most interesting lectures of philologists M. F. Pyanykh, M. L. Nolman, V. Y. Bakhmutsky, O. A. Minukhina. In the mid-1960s. A. M. Melerovich came to the Russian language department, becoming the founder of the Kostroma scientific phraseological school.

“Sixties” students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, who later came to its departments as teachers, V.V. Andrushkevich, E.P. Osipovich, V.A. Krotova highly evaluate the activities of the then dean F.I. Sorokin. It is he who is credited with strengthening the status of the faculty, where in the mid-1960s. More than 350 students studied. In 1969, the Ural-2 electronic computer was installed, marking the beginning of the creation of a computer center at the university.

The Faculty of Natural Sciences also strengthened its scientific positions: in those years, 16 candidates of sciences already worked in its departments. A great contribution to the development of the scientific research activities of the Faculty of Science was made by the inventor and innovator, Doctor of Biological Sciences B. M. Niederstrat.

With the order of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR dated May 21, 1960 on the transfer to the budget of the pedagogical institute of the Kostroma Art School, founded in 1905 by a graduate of the Academy of Arts N.P. Shlein, the history of the art and graphic faculty begins, the first dean of which was a famous art critic, honored figure arts of the RSFSR A. I. Buzin. E.I. Mayansky was also at the origins of the artgraph, who developed curricula for the training of labor teachers (the faculty trained teachers of drawing, drafting and labor).

The faculty inherited the material and technical base of the school: a two-story stone building on Kooperatsii Street (house 8), a valuable library and a rich educational and methodological fund. Among the teachers of drawing, painting, and composition are graduates of the capital's art institutes: Honored Artists V. A. Kutilin and M. S. Kolesov, People's Artist of the RSFSR A. P. Belykh.

On September 1, 1966, a department of foreign languages ​​was opened at KSPI, which two years later was transformed into an independent faculty. E. B. Shutova, in those years the head of the department of foreign languages, in a short time managed to select qualified teachers, the first among whom were I. A. Kabischer (Tikhonova), L. F. Skryabina, T. I. Ilyina, N. G. . Oleinik.

In 1962, on the basis of the Faculty of History and Philology, one of the first and few departments in the country for training history teachers and pioneer leaders with higher education was opened. In 1966, the department was reorganized into an independent faculty for training teachers of history, social studies and methodologists of pioneer work - historical and pedagogical. Since 1968, the only correspondence department in the country has been operating on its basis. A significant contribution to the formation of the new specialty was made by its first deans S. M. Mitsengendler, K. A. Voronina, A. N. Lutoshkin, the first head of the department of theory and methodology of pioneer work, the famous historian of the children's movement V. G. Yakovlev. Istped (unofficially - Pioneer Faculty) has become a kind of trademark of KSPI for many years. He trained a significant number of talented teachers, organizers of children's and youth movements, and employees of management structures at various levels. Among its graduates there are many doctors and candidates of pedagogical, psychological and historical sciences.

In the 1980s, flexibly responding to the needs of the national economy, KSPI opened new specialties and formed new faculties: general technical disciplines and labor (1983), music and pedagogy (1984), pedagogy and methods of primary education (1985), physical education ( 1989). In 1989, the institute had 9 faculties, where 2,490 students studied. 286 teachers worked at 32 departments, of which 11 were professors, doctors of science and 119 candidates of science.

In the fall of 1989, for the first time, the institute held elections for the head of the university on an alternative basis (V.S. Panin, who worked as rector since 1986, resigned due to illness). N. M. Rassadin was elected rector of KSPI. The assumption of office by the new rector coincided with the era of perestroika hopes, but it was followed by an acute socio-economic crisis in the country. In difficult crisis conditions, with constant underfunding, the rector and his management team (primarily vice-rectors S. N. Nikolaev, I. G. Asadulina, V. V. Chekmarev) managed not only to preserve the university, but also to ensure its accelerated development.

By 1994, KSPI had become a recognized center of the regional system of continuing pedagogical education, exerting a significant influence on the organization of career guidance work in the region, on the basic training of teachers in almost all specialties of secondary schools, providing qualified personnel to a large region of Russia. The number of students at the institute has doubled in 5 years. They received pedagogical education at 13 faculties in 19 specialties. There have been significant changes in the teaching staff. Their number exceeded four hundred, including about 170 doctors and candidates of science, professors and associate professors. The graduate school increased its composition almost fivefold (from 17 to 71 people), which worked in 14 specialties. In the period from 1991 to 1994, 4 doctors and 35 candidates of science were trained at KSPI. Two specialized councils for the defense of candidate dissertations began their activities. During this period, more than twenty scientific and practical conferences and seminars were held at the institute, including 13 international and republican ones. In addition to cooperation with colleagues from pedagogical institutes of Russia, KSPI established business and scientific-methodological connections during these years with educational institutions of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany), Darlington County (England), the province of Halbæk (Denmark), universities in France, Poland and other countries .

The result of this work was summed up by the certification of the university, which was followed by an order from the Minister of Education of Russia to rename it from July 1994 to Kostroma State Pedagogical University. N. A. Nekrasova.
The subsequent five-year period of activity of the university showed that the status of a pedagogical university was intermediate to achieving a new level. Implementing the main ideas of the “University Concept of Education and Russian Culture,” developed and adopted by the Academic Council back in the early 1990s, the university increased its potential in training students in specialties that went beyond the pedagogical nomenclature. By 1999, the scientific and pedagogical staff of the university had reached 520 people, strengthening its quality: 55 doctors of sciences, professors and about 250 candidates of sciences, associate professors conducted classes with students. Leading scientific schools have emerged. Scientific directions in physical materials science, phytocenology and population biology, economic theory, national history, dialectology, phraseology, psychology, social education, social work, and cultural studies were actively developing. Scientific meetings of the all-Russian and international level were held, cooperative ties were formed with educational and scientific organizations in Russia and abroad. The university opens branches in the city of Sharya, Kostroma region, and in Kirovsk, Murmansk region.

The logical result of these processes was the order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation issued on January 5, 1999, which assigned the university the status of a classical university and the name “Kostroma State University named after N. A. Nekrasov.”

Kostroma State University named after N.A. Nekrasova.

Teaching is one of the noblest professions. After all, training and education of the future shift is the key to the prosperity and development of any society. The future of many Russians, and all of Russia as a whole, will depend on what kind of teacher he will be, what example he will set for his students, what and how he will teach.

The leadership of our country, realizing this, is taking the necessary measures to increase teachers’ salaries, improve their working conditions, and improve the material and technical base of school education. Therefore, the teaching profession will always be in demand, and teachers will receive a decent salary. Kostroma State University named after N.A. will help you get this much-needed profession. Nekrasova.

KSU named after Nekrasova

Kostroma Nekrasov University traces its history back to 1918 and will soon celebrate its centenary. Over the years, the university has gone through several reorganizations, but it has managed to maintain the main thing - continuity and traditions of quality education. The university acquired the status of a classical university and the ability to train generalist specialists in 1999, having successfully passed certification.

All these achievements cannot be imagined without teachers, associate professors, professors and doctors of science, who devoted many years to the university and training future teachers within its walls. Tens of thousands of graduates successfully work not only in the Kostroma region, but throughout Russia, continuing the glorious traditions instilled in them at KSU. Nekrasova.

Today the university is one of the largest in the region. And the university building is located in a picturesque location on the banks of the Volga. This is a modern computerized complex, equipped with the latest software and methodological aids for the training of modern specialists. The social and living conditions of the university are also at the highest level. And nonresident students are provided with a dormitory, which provides all the necessary conditions for living and studying.

Training at Nekrasov KSU

Nekrasov Kostroma University includes 10 faculties that train specialists in the pedagogical and humanitarian fields, including:

· natural sciences;
· foreign languages;
· historical;
· musical and pedagogical;
· technology and service;
· physical and mathematical;
· physical culture;
· philological;
· artistic and graphic;
· legal.

For future teachers there is a wide choice of specialties. For children who like biology or geography, the Faculty of Natural Sciences will always open its doors. And its graduates will then be able to teach their favorite subjects at school and teach future generations to love the nature around us.

Children who are interested in foreign languages ​​are given the opportunity to become teachers of English, German or French at school. Lovers of history and local history have the opportunity to receive an appropriate education and teach them at school.

The Faculty of Technology and Service occupies a special place at the institute. In addition to the sought-after specialty of a labor teacher, graduates of this faculty will acquire a lot of skills in working with metal, wood, and other materials, which will greatly help them not only in their professional activities, but also in everyday life.

In addition to teaching specialties, the university also trains future lawyers. Despite numerous attacks against educational institutions of this profile and their graduates, the legal profession has been and will be in demand. And graduates of the Faculty of Law, if they have a certain amount of knowledge and skills, will be able to find a job in their specialty without any problems.

More detailed information about the university, rules and admission procedures for all specialties will be provided by the official website of KSU named after. Nekrasov, available around the clock on the Internet.

KSU named after Nekrasova is a leading scientific and scientific-methodological center in the main areas of educational activity.