Biology crossword puzzle on the topic of respiration. Crossword puzzle "organs of the respiratory system"

Yu.A. Sheremeeva

Lesson – Journey through the Respiratory System

The purpose of the lesson: get to know the anatomical structure respiratory organs, make sure that the structural features are related to the functions performed.

Lesson objectives:

Educational: establish the structural features of the respiratory organs in connection with their functions; understand the meaning of the respiratory process; find out the mechanism of voice formation; identify the role of oxygen in the body.

Educational: develop the ability to highlight the main thing in the material being studied (by drawing up a table); develop skills research work analyze visual fragments of a video film; be able to work with a textbook.

Educational: to form a scientific worldview; shape the culture educational work; attract students' attention to vocal hygiene issues.

Equipment: visual tables on the topic “Structure respiratory system", video clips from the film "Atlas of Man".

Basic terms and concepts:

Airways

Trachea

-bronchi

Pleura

-alveoli

Thyroid cartilage

Epiglottis

Board design: date, topic of the lesson, design of the table “Structure and functions of the respiratory organs”, glossary of terms.

Activation of cognitive activity of students

I. Organizational moment (2 minutes)

Teacher's opening speech.

Good afternoon guys! I am glad to see you in health and with smiles on your face.

II. Motivation and preparation for learning new material (5 minutes).

Today we are starting to study the next section of the biology course, “Respiration.”

We will start by clarifying the meaning of the respiratory process and get acquainted with the structural features of the human respiratory organs.

Write the topic of the lesson in your notebook (slide 1)

Topic: “Structure of the respiratory organs”

The goals and objectives of the lesson are discussed (slide 2) . Pay attention to the board, the main goal of our lesson is written on it.

As an epigraph to our lesson, I would like to take the words of the ancient Roman poet Ovid (slide 3) .

Joint goal setting

A person can live without food for several weeks, without water - for several days (3 days), without oxygen - no more than 3 minutes. Why? (slide 4) .

To answer this question, let us turn to the study of the structure of the respiratory organs.

You have instruction cards on your desks, look at card No. 1. Which Do you know the human respiratory organs? Underline those that, in your opinion, can be attributed to the respiratory organs.

Card No. 1

Nasal cavity - stomach

Nasopharynx - heart

Larynx - tongue

Trachea - brain

Bronchi-ribs

Lungs - diaphragm

III. Mastering new knowledge (23 minutes).
1. The concept of breathing.

So what is breathing? (slide 5). Brief Definition write it down in a notebook.

2.Structure of the respiratory organs.

A person breathes with the help of the lungs, the main organ of gas exchange in our body. But the air travels a certain path to them, which we have to study.

Let's turn to the table “Structure of the respiratory organs” and see the location of these pathways. Using card No. 1, we will determine which of them belong to the top and which to the bottom.

Complete the diagram on card No. 2.

Card No. 2

Respiratory system

Airways Lungs

Upper Lower

? ?
Let's check the execution of card No. 2 (slide 6) .

In the process of studying the structure and functions of the respiratory organs, we will formalize the acquired knowledge in the form of a table.

Respiratory organs and their functions

Name of organs	Functions performed
1.Nasal cavity	1. warming the air 2. air purification 3. air humidification 4. neutralization of bacteria 5. olfactory organ
2.Nasopharynx	air conduction
3.Larynx	participates in the formation of sounds
4.Trachea, 12 cm	passage of air into the bronchi and its further purification
5.Bronchi	air passage and purification
6.Lungs	gas exchange

Teacher explanation using table.

A guide to the respiratory system will be a terminological dictionary, and a guide will be the air bubble of Novokuznetsk. What are the characteristics of the air in our city? (dusty)

Air enters the body through the nasal passages, surrounded by the nostrils (slide 7) .

What will we see in the nasal cavity? (slide 8)

The walls of the nasal cavity form an uneven relief. Each half of it has a lower, middle and upper nasal passage. Due to this, the area of contact between air and the outer layer of mucosal cells increases.

The epithelium lining the nasal cavity is called ciliated. Why? (Its cells have cilia)
What are its functions? (Retains dust and other particles)
What is the body's reaction to dust? (sneezing and coughing)

What happens to the air in the nasal cavity?(slide 9) .

Exercise: suggest recording the functions of the nasal cavity in an abbreviated version and enter them into the table.

Let's listen to a message on the topic"Infectious and chronic diseases upper respiratory tract."

Let's do a little research and check the air flow through the nasal passages (slide 11).

From the nasal cavity, air enters the nasopharynx, then into the oral part of the pharynx and then into the larynx.

Is there further purification and humidification of the air here? (Yes)

What happens to the bubble next? It will go into the larynx.

It has a complex structure and is formed by cartilage, ligaments and muscles (slide 12).

The largest cartilages - the thyroid (why is it called that?) - forms an angle - the Adam's apple; below – cricoid; above the entrance to the larynx - epiglottis .

Let's try to find out the role of the epiglottis in swallowing and conduct the following experiment (slide 13).

Exercise. Explain the meaning of the saying “When I eat, I am deaf and dumb” (slide 14).

The epiglottis covers the entrance to the larynx and prevents food from entering the respiratory tract. This happens during swallowing. When special muscles act, the epiglottis bends and closes the entrance to the larynx. Food slips into the esophagus.

And if you accidentally choked, how can you help such a problem? (slide 15).

Look carefully at the picture on page 139. What interesting things do you see in the larynx? (vocal cords).How is sound created?

Let's watch a video about this (slide 16).

Let's do some more research (slides 17 and 18).

What other organs are involved in the formation of speech? (Tongue, teeth, lips, cheeks, laryngeal muscles)
What causes voice disorders? (colds - laryngitis, pharyngitis and others; heavy load on the vocal apparatus of singers, actors, announcers, teachers - people of “speaking” professions, smoking, alcohol) (slide 19).

Suggest rules for vocal hygiene.

1. Do not sing for a long time and loudly.

2. Don't shout. Cultivate a culture of conversation.

3. Don't smoke.

4. Temper yourself, protect yourself from colds .

Offer a recording of the functions of the larynx. Put them in the table.

Now let's take a little rest! (slide 20).

Where do you think the air goes from the larynx? Into the trachea.

The trachea in an adult has the shape of a tube 10-13 cm long and serves to pass air into the lungs and back.

Exercise: read the text on p. 139, look at the picture and answer the questions.

What is the trachea formed by? (16-20 cartilaginous half rings)

The epithelium lining the trachea is called ciliated, since its cilia swing 10-15 times per second in the opposite direction and move dust particles that enter with the air along with mucus up into the pharynx, where they are swallowed or expelled. (slide 21). Scientists have calculated that half a bucket of dust would have accumulated in a person’s lungs by the end of life if not for the activity of these cilia.

What is located behind the trachea? (esophagus).
Why does food need to be chewed thoroughly? (slide 22) . The trachea and adjacent esophagus are separated by a thin muscular wall.

A large piece of food stretches it and blocks the airways, leading to a lack of oxygen.

Suggest a record of the functions of the trachea and write it down in a table.

What happens to the trachea next?

The lower end of the trachea is divided into two thinner tubes - bronchi (right and left). The bronchi gradually branch into smaller ones, reaching the thinnest branches - bronchioles, forming a bronchial tree - a dense network of branched bronchi (slide21) .

Suggest an entry in the table about the functions of the bronchi.

And where will the bubble end its journey? In the lungs.

They are located in the chest. The surface of the lungs is covered with a special membrane - the pulmonary pleura, the chest is lined with the parietal pleura, between them there is a pleural cavity (sealed), filled with pleural fluid.

Bronchioles end in sacs, the walls of which are formed by pulmonary vesicles - alveoli. The inside of the alveoli is covered with a special substance (surfactant), which prevents the alveoli from collapsing during exhalation.

What effect does smoking have on the lungs?(slide 23)

Record the basic function of the lungs in the table.

Find card number 3 in the instruction card and let's review the respiratory organs indicated by numbers.

Now let's get back to the problem of our lesson. (slide 24). Why can't a person live without oxygen? Is knowledge only about the structure and functions of the respiratory organs sufficient to solve this problem? No. It is still necessary to clarify the role of oxygen in our body. To do this, let us turn to his chemical properties (slide 25).

Oxygen is a good oxidizing agent. Oxidizes simple and complex inorganic substances, for example:
2CO + O 2 = 2CO 2
But not only inorganic, but also organic (BJU), for example:
C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 = 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + Q (where Q is energy)

Energy is generated.

In cells, this energy is used for cell life. If oxygen supply is cut off, what will happen to the cell?

The cells will die, which will lead to the death of tissues, and, consequently, organs. This is why oxygen must be supplied continuously.

So what is the biological significance of breathing? (slide 26).

Let's once again repeat the structure of the respiratory organs and watch a video clip about our journey (slide 27)

We have completed the study of the anatomical structure of the human respiratory organs. Look again at the lesson objective written on the board. What new did you learn today? (structure of the respiratory organs, their names, classification, functions performed, respiratory and vocal hygiene, the importance of breathing, and also revealed the dependence of the structure on the functions).

Why do you think you need this knowledge? Where can you use them? (when providing primary care, compliance with personal hygiene rules).

Now I propose to check the assimilation of the acquired knowledge. Answer the aptitude test questions on the instruction sheet. Let's check the correctness of the answers together (mutual control).

IV. Initial check of understanding (8 minutes).
Cards

Name the organs indicated by numbers.

PRIMARY CONTROL OF KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION on the topic “Structure of the respiratory organs” (mutual control)

Does not allow food to enter the larynx.
The trachea is not allowed to narrow.
Cleans the inhaled air from dust and germs, warms it.
The superficial layer of the airways.
Lines the outer surface of the lungs.
The main respiratory organ in humans.
Contains vocal cords inside.
The longest part of the airway.
The path of inhaled air from the larynx to the bronchi.

Code for answers.

A) mucous membrane E) epiglottis

B) lungs G) larynx

B) bronchi H) cartilaginous semirings

D) trachea I) pleura

D) nasal cavity

Check your answers.

1 – E 5 – I 9 – G

2 – Z 6 – B

3 – D 7 – F

4 – A 8 – B

V. Summing up the lesson (2 minutes).

VI. Homework (slide 28), (3 minutes).

VII . Reflection (2 minutes).
Crossword puzzle on the topic “Respiratory system”

Horizontally:

1. Children's infectious disease;

4. Lymphatic formations of the pharynx;

8. Infectious lung disease;

9. Airways leading to the lungs;

11. X-ray examination of the lungs;

12. Part of the upper respiratory tract connecting the nasal cavity with the pharynx;

13. Lung disease, more common in smokers.

Vertically:

2. Disease of the pharyngeal tonsils;

3. Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses;

5. The organ connecting the larynx with the main bronchi;

6. Pulmonary vesicle;

7. Pulmonary or parietal membrane;

10. Upper respiratory tract intersecting with the digestive organs

Answers

Horizontally

1 – diphtheria; 3 – larynx; 4 – tonsils; 8 – tuberculosis; 9 – bronchi; 11 – fluorography

12 – nasopharynx; 13 – cancer Vertically: 2 – tonsillitis; 3 – sinusitis; 5 – trachea; 6 – alveolus; 7 – pleura; 10 – pharynx

Tests on the topic: “Respiratory organs. Gas exchange"
A - midbrain
B - spinal cord
B - lungs
G - medulla oblongata?
By what mechanisms are respiratory movements carried out?
A - consciousness
B - due to changes in O2 concentration in the blood
B - due to changes in the concentration of CO2 in the blood
G - due to vegetative activity nervous system?
What muscles are involved in respiratory movements:
A – dorsal
B – abdominal
B – intercostal
G – diaphragm?
What causes the diffusion of oxygen from the alveoli into the capillaries:
A – pressure difference
B – concentration difference
B – presence of through holes?
What the lungs are covered with on the outside:
A – fascia
B – parietal pleura
B – muscle tissue
D – pulmonary pleura?
What is the pressure in the pleural cavity:
A – equal to atmospheric
B – below atmospheric
B – above atmospheric?
Where is oxygen absorbed:
A – nasopharynx
B – lungs
B – red blood cells
D – cell mitochondria?
What is the meaning of breathing:
A – cooling the body
B – CO2 removal
B – oxidation of nutrients
G – release of energy?
How does oxyhemoglobin move from the lungs to the cells of the body:
A – small circle vessels
B – vessels of the great circle
B - bypassing the heart
G – through the heart?
How many pleural cavities does a person have?
A – one, common to both lungs
B – two, each lung is in its own
Q – no pleural cavities?

Option II:
When the vocal cords diverge most widely:
A - the person is silent
B – speaks in a whisper
B – speaks loudly
G – screaming?
How is the epiglottis positioned during swallowing?
A – lowered, closes the entrance to the larynx
B – raised, does not cover the entrance to the larynx
B – lowered, covering the entrance to the trachea?
From which organ does air enter the larynx during inhalation?
A – from the nasal cavity
B – from the nasopharynx
B – from the oral cavity?
What features of the trachea ensure the free passage of air into the bronchi:
A – cartilaginous semirings
B – cartilaginous rings
B – cartilaginous spiral of the trachea?
What are the names of the final structures of the respiratory tract in which gas exchange occurs:
A – bronchi
B – bronchioles
B – alveoli?
Does not allow food to enter the larynx:
A – mucous membrane
B – epiglottis
B – cartilaginous half rings?
Contains vocal cords inside:
A – larynx
B – bronchi
B – nasal cavity?
Longest part of the airway:
A – larynx
B – trachea
B – bronchi?
Site of gas exchange between lungs and blood:
A – bronchi
B – lungs
B – pulmonary vesicles?
Lines the outer surface of the lungs:
A – mucous membrane
B – connective tissue
B – pleura?

Option III:
How much oxygen is in the inhaled air:
A – 0.03%
B – 4%
B – 16%
G – 21%
How much oxygen is in exhaled air:
A – 0.03%
B – 4%
B – 16%
G – 21%
How much carbon dioxide is in the inhaled air:
A – 0.03%
B – 4%
B – 16%
G – 21%
How much carbon dioxide is in exhaled air:
A – 0.03%
B – 4%
B – 16%
G – 21%
Where is the respiratory center located?
A – medulla oblongata
B – diencephalon
B – spinal cord
G – cerebral cortex?
What are the features of the humoral regulation of the respiratory center:
A – regulated by adrenal hormones
B - regulated by thyroid hormones
B – regulated mainly by the concentration of oxygen in the blood
D – is it regulated mainly by the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood?
In what form is the bulk of oxygen transported in the blood?
A – blood plasma, in a dissolved state
B – in the form of myoglobin
B – in the form of oxyhemoglobin
G – in the form of carbohemoglobin?
Write down the numbers of the correct judgments:
1 – during inhalation, the intercostal muscles contract
2 – during inhalation, the ribs of the chest rise
3 – during exhalation, the diaphragm takes a flat shape
4 – during exhalation the muscles relax
5 - during inspiration, the pressure in the pulmonary vesicles is higher than atmospheric
6 – the diaphragm is not a respiratory muscle
7 – between the pulmonary and parietal pleura there is a pleural cavity common to both lungs.

release into the atmosphere: 1) oxygen 2) carbon dioxide 3) hydrogen 4) nitrogen 3. Digestion is the process of: 1) transformation of complex organic substances into simpler ones that are available for digestion 2) acquisition of food and energy 3) formation of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide 4. The respiratory organs of a plant are: 1) lungs 2) trachea 3) stomata 5. Russian sturgeon with respiration uses: 1) internal gills 2) lungs 3) trachea 4) external gills 6. For photosynthesis, a plant needs substances: 1) carbon dioxide and water 2) oxygen and water 3) organic substances and water 7. Nutrition is the process of: 1) acquisition food and energy 2) digestion of food 3) formation of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide8. When breathing, the lake frog uses: 1) internal gills 2) lungs 3) trachea 4) external gills9. Which statements are true. 1. Enzymes are special chemical substances, promoting digestion. 2. Coelenterates do not have a digestive system. 3. Single-celled animals breathe over the entire surface of the body. 4. Only plants can assimilate the solar system. 5. Parasites are found only among animals.

Crossword puzzle "Organs of the respiratory system"

1. An infectious disease spread by airborne droplets.

2. Respiration, which carries out gas exchange between blood and tissue cells.

3. The membrane covering the lung.

4. Inflammation of the frontal sinus.

5. Exchange of gases between cells and the environment.

6. Gas exchange occurs in them.

7. A wide tube consisting of cartilaginous half-rings with a soft side.

8. The process by which the lungs create air currents that vibrate the vocal cords of the larynx.

9. A cavity consisting of several winding passages, divided by a solid partition into left and right parts.

10. Tumor-like proliferation of lymphoid tissue at the exit from the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx.

11. Inflammation of the tonsils.

12. Thyroid cartilage of men.

13. Cavity related to the upper respiratory tract.

14. Breathing, which ensures gas exchange between air and blood.

15. The process when, when breathing, water evaporates from the surface of the lungs, which leads to cooling of the blood and the entire body.

16. Cavity related to the lower respiratory tract.

17. A specialist who treats people with ear, nose and throat diseases.

18. Cells of the nasal cavity that perceive odors.

19. Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses.

Crossword with answers

Goal: to get acquainted with the anatomical structure of the respiratory organs , make sure that the structural features are related to the functions performed.

Tasks: Educational: establish the structural features of the respiratory organs in connection with their functions;

understand the meaning of the respiratory process; find out the mechanism of voice formation; identify the role of oxygen in the body.

Developmental: develop the ability to highlight the main thing in the material being studied (by drawing up a table); develop research skills, analyze visual fragments of a video; be able to work with a textbook.

Educational : to form a scientific worldview; to create a culture of educational work; attract students' attention to vocal hygiene issues. Equipment: visual tables on the topic “Structure of the respiratory system”, video clips from the film “Atlas of Man”, presentation ( Annex 1), instruction card ( Appendix 2), memo ( Appendix 3).

), glossary of terms (

Appendix 4
Basic terms and concepts:
airways
larynx
trachea
bronchi
pleura
alveoli
thyroid cartilage

vocal cords

epiglottis

Design of the board: date, topic of the lesson, design of the table “Structure and functions of the respiratory organs”, dictionary of terms.

Activation of cognitive activity of students

I. Organizational moment (2 min.)

Teacher's opening speech. Good afternoon guys! I am glad to see you in health and with smiles on your face.
We will start by clarifying the meaning of the respiratory process and get acquainted with the structural features of the human respiratory organs.
Write the topic of the lesson in your notebook (slide 1)

Topic “Structure of the respiratory organs”

The goals and objectives of the lesson are discussed (slide 2) . Pay attention to the board, the main goal of our lesson is written on it.

As an epigraph to our lesson, I would like to take the words of the ancient Roman poet Ovid (slide 3) .

Joint goal setting

A person can live without food for several weeks, without water - for several days (3 days), without oxygen - no more than 3 minutes. Why? (slide 4) .
To answer this question, let us turn to the study of the structure of the respiratory organs.
You have instruction cards on your desks, look at card No. 1. Which Do you know the human respiratory organs? Underline those that, in your opinion, can be attributed to the respiratory organs.

Card 1

III. Learning new knowledge (23 min.)

1. The concept of breathing.

So what is breathing? (slide 5). Write a brief definition in your notebook.

2. The structure of the respiratory organs.

A person breathes with the help of the lungs, the main organ of gas exchange in our body. But the air travels a certain path to them, which we have to study.

Let's turn to the table “Structure of the respiratory organs” and see the location of these pathways. Using card No. 1, we will determine which of them belong to the top and which to the bottom.

Complete the diagram on card 2.

Card 2

Let's check the execution of card 2 (slide 6) .

In the process of studying the structure and functions of the respiratory organs, we will formalize the acquired knowledge in the form of a table.

Respiratory organs and their functions

Name of organs	Functions performed
1. Nasal cavity	1. warming the air 2. air purification 3. air humidification 4. neutralization of bacteria 5. olfactory organ
2. Nasopharynx	air conduction
3. Larynx	participates in the formation of sounds
4. Trachea, 12 cm	passage of air into the bronchi and its further purification
5. Bronchi	air passage and purification
6. Lungs	gas exchange

Teacher explanation using table.

A guide to the respiratory system will be a terminological dictionary, and a guide will be the air bubble of Novokuznetsk. What are the characteristics of the air in our city? (dusty)

Air enters the body through the nasal passages, surrounded by the nostrils (slide 7) .

What will we see in the nasal cavity? (slide 8)

The epithelium lining the nasal cavity is called ciliated. Why? (Its cells have cilia)
What are its functions? (Retains dust and other particles)
What is the body's reaction to dust? (sneezing and coughing)

What happens to the air in the nasal cavity? (slide 9).

Assignment: propose an abbreviated version of the functions of the nasal cavity and enter them into the table.

Let's listen to the message on the topic “Infectious and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract.”

Let's do a little research and check the air flow through the nasal passages (slide 11).

From the nasal cavity, air enters the nasopharynx, then into the oral part of the pharynx and then into the larynx.

Is there further purification and humidification of the air here? (Yes)

What happens to the bubble next? It will go into the larynx.

It has a complex structure and is formed by cartilage, ligaments and muscles (slide 12).

The largest cartilages - the thyroid (why is it called that?) - forms an angle - the Adam's apple; below – cricoid; above the entrance to the larynx - epiglottis .

Let's try to find out the role of the epiglottis in swallowing and conduct the following experiment (slide 13).

Exercise. Explain the meaning of the saying “When I eat, I am deaf and dumb” (slide 14).

And if you accidentally choked, how can you help such a problem? (slide 15).

Look carefully at the picture on page 139. What interesting things do you see in the larynx? (vocal cords). How is sound created?

Let's watch a video about this (slide 16).

Let's do some more research (slides 17 and 18).

What other organs are involved in the formation of speech?
(Tongue, teeth, lips, cheeks, laryngeal muscles) (slide 19).

What causes voice disorders? (colds - laryngitis, pharyngitis and others; heavy load on the vocal apparatus of singers, actors, announcers, teachers - people of “speaking” professions, smoking, alcohol)
Do not sing for a long time or loudly.
Do not shout. Cultivate a culture of conversation.
No smoking. .

Offer a recording of the functions of the larynx. Temper yourself, protect yourself from colds.

Put them in the table

Now let's take a little rest! (slide 20).

Where do you think the air goes from the larynx? Into the trachea.

The trachea in an adult has the shape of a tube 10-13 cm long and serves to pass air into the lungs and back.

Assignment: read the text on p. 139, look at the picture and answer the questions.

What is the trachea formed by? (16–20 cartilaginous half rings) (slide 21). Scientists have calculated that half a bucket of dust would have accumulated in a person’s lungs by the end of life if not for the activity of these cilia.

What is located behind the trachea? (esophagus).

Why does food need to be chewed thoroughly? (slide 22) . The trachea and adjacent esophagus are separated by a thin muscular wall.

A large piece of food stretches it and blocks the airways, leading to a lack of oxygen.

Suggest a record of the functions of the trachea and write it down in a table.

Suggest an entry in the table about the functions of the bronchi.

And where will the bubble end its journey? In the lungs.

What effect does smoking have on the lungs? (slide 23)

Record the basic function of the lungs in the table.

Find card #3 in the instruction card and let's review the respiratory organs indicated by numbers.

Energy is generated.

In cells, this energy is used for cell life. If oxygen supply is cut off, what will happen to the cell?

The cells will die, which will lead to the death of tissues, and, consequently, organs. This is why oxygen must be supplied continuously.

So what is the biological significance of breathing? (slide 26).

Let's once again repeat the structure of the respiratory organs and watch a video clip about our journey (slide 27)

Why do you think you need this knowledge? Where can you use them? (when providing primary care, compliance with personal hygiene rules).

Now I propose to check the assimilation of the acquired knowledge. Answer the aptitude test questions on the instruction sheet. Let's check the correctness of the answers together (mutual control).

IV. Initial comprehension check (8 min.)

Cards

Name the organs indicated by numbers.

PRIMARY CONTROL OF KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION on the topic “Structure of the respiratory organs” (mutual control)

Does not allow food to enter the larynx.
The trachea is not allowed to narrow.
Cleans the inhaled air from dust and germs, warms it.
The superficial layer of the airways.
Lines the outer surface of the lungs.
The main respiratory organ in humans.
Contains vocal cords inside.
The longest part of the airway.
The path of inhaled air from the larynx to the bronchi.

Code for answers.

A) mucous membrane
B) lungs
B) bronchi
D) trachea
D) nasal cavity
E) epiglottis
G) larynx
H) cartilaginous half rings
I) pleura

Check your answers.

1 – E
2 – W
3 – D
4 – A
5 – I
6 – B
7 – F
8 – B
9 – G

V. Summing up the lesson (2 min.)

VI. Homework (3 min.) (slide 28)

VII. Reflection (2 min.)

Crossword puzzle on the topic “Respiratory system”

Horizontally:

1. Children's infectious disease;
3. The organ in which the vocal cords are located;
4. Lymphatic formations of the pharynx;
8. Infectious lung disease;
9. Airways leading to the lungs;
11. X-ray examination of the lungs;
12. Part of the upper respiratory tract connecting the nasal cavity with the pharynx;
13. Lung disease, more common in smokers.

Vertically:

2. Disease of the pharyngeal tonsils;
3. Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses;
5. The organ connecting the larynx with the main bronchi;
6. Pulmonary vesicle;
7. Pulmonary or parietal membrane;
10. Upper respiratory tract, intersecting with the digestive organs.

Horizontally: 1 – diphtheria; 3 – larynx; 4 – tonsils; 8 – tuberculosis; 9 – bronchi; 11 – fluorography; 12 – nasopharynx; 13 – cancer

Vertical: 2 – tonsillitis; 3 – sinusitis; 5 – trachea; 6 – alveolus; 7 – pleura; 10 – pharynx.

Horizontally
2. The organ in which the vocal cords are located
5. One of the main methods of clinical examination, based on the researcher’s feeling of various conditions of the patient’s tissues and organs when palpating them
6. Colorless gas, odorless and tasteless. Slightly soluble in water
9. Excessive pulmonary ventilation in relation to the level of exchange, caused by deep and (or) frequent breathing and leading to a reduced carbon dioxide tension and an increased oxygen tension in the blood
17. In vertebrates it is found in erythrocytes, in most invertebrates it is dissolved in the blood plasma and may be present in other tissues.
20. what is the name for blood that is saturated with oxygen?
22. Necrosis of the lung, lung tissue and the formation of cavities containing necrotic masses or fluid caused by microbial infection
24. Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus
Vertically
1. A set of processes carried out due to the functions of various organs and systems that ensure the supply of oxygen to the body from environment, its use in biological oxidation and removal of the oxidation product - carbon dioxide - from the body
3. A complex formation consisting of terminals (nerve endings) of dendrites of sensory neurons, specialized formations of intercellular substance and specialized cells of other tissues, which together ensure the transformation of the influence of external or internal environmental factors (stimulus) into a nerve impulse
4. Decreased breathing
7. Blood circulation throughout the body
8. A class of vertebrates, the main distinguishing features of which are viviparity and feeding their young with milk
9. A physiological act consisting of tensing the vocal folds and bringing them closer to each other, increasing under the action of the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm the air pressure in the trachea and bronchi and periodically breaking it through the glottis with the occurrence of vibrations of the vocal folds, causing vibrations of the air environment perceived like the sound of a voice
10. Section of internal medicine, studying the pathology of the lungs and respiratory tract, developing methods for its diagnosis, treatment and prevention
11. a bubble-shaped structure that opens into the lumen of the respiratory bronchioles, which make up the respiratory sections of the lung.
12. Accumulation of lymphoid tissue in the thickness of the mucous membrane at the border of the nasal, oral cavities and pharynx. Depending on the location, there are paired palatine and tubal, as well as pharyngeal and lingual
13. Type of breathing, more often observed in women
14. Tapping, medical examination method internal organs
15. The organelle, present in varying quantities in the cell cytoplasm, is involved in the processes of cellular respiration and energy conversion in cells
16. Self-regulation, the ability of an open system to maintain the constancy of its internal state through coordinated reactions aimed at maintaining dynamic equilibrium
18. Contraction of the muscles of the bronchi and bronchioles, causing a narrowing of the lumen and an increase in the resistance of the airways along the air flow
19. A cavity consisting of several winding passages, divided by a solid partition into left and right parts.
21. Cartilage covering the entrance to the larynx
23. The inflammatory process that occurs in the area of the bronchial mucosa often affects the mucous membrane of the nose and throat, trachea and larynx. Initially, inflammation appears in the nasopharynx, then spreads to the respiratory tract