Hello, how are you in Georgian in Russian letters. Georgian language for beginners

Georgian language (ქართული ენა kartuli ena listen)) is the official state language of Georgia. Belongs to the Kartvelian group. One of the most ancient living languages on earth - appeared in the 3rd century AD.

What do you need to know when going to Georgia? Most Georgians over 30 know Russian. Young people, as a rule, know English. In Adjara (Batumi), the majority understands Turkish. But in small towns and villages people communicate only in Georgian. This is where the Russian-Georgian phrasebook, which is given at the end of the article, will come in handy.

Features of the Georgian language

In the modern Georgian alphabet 33 letters- 5 vowels and 28 consonants. This is the only alphabet in the world in which one sound corresponds to one letter and vice versa.

Pronounced accents not in Georgian. However, there is a conditional rule. In disyllabic words, the stress is usually on the first syllable, in polysyllabic words - on the third syllable from the end.

In Georgian no birth. In Georgian writing no capital letters.

The Georgian language is very beautiful. And Georgian polyphony is recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of cultural heritage. In 1977, two Voyager spacecraft set off to explore space. On board is a message from humanity to extraterrestrial civilizations. Among the great works - Chakrulo song:

Georgian dialects

There are several Kartvelian languages: actually common Georgian - literary (Kartuli ena), Svan (Lushnu Nin), Mingrelian (Margalur Nina), Laz (Lazuri Nena).

The Georgian language includes several dialects, the differences between which are insignificant: Kartlian, Kakheti, Imeretian, Gurian, Pshavian, Racha, Adjarian, Khevsurian, Tushian, etc.

Interesting facts about the Georgian language

The modern Georgian alphabet “Mkhedruli” was created in the 10th century, and in the 60s of the 19th century Ilya Chavchavadze carried out a reform and reduced the number of letters in the alphabet to 33, removing five archaic and practically unused letters from it.
The first surviving monument of Georgian literature, “The Martyrdom of Shushanik” by Yakov Tsurtaveli. Written between 475-484.
1709 - the beginning of book printing in Georgia.
Some familiar words were significantly influenced by the warlike past of the people. For example, gamarjoba= hello comes from a wish for victory. Reply gagimajos= victory for you. Good morning literally means “peaceful morning” ( dilamshvidobisa).
Georgian numerals up to 20 are based on the decimal number system, and from 20 to 100 on the 20 number system. For example, the number 35 is translated as “twenty and fifteen.”

Number	Translation	Formation principle
10	ati	—
20	oci	—
30	otsdaati	20 and 10
40	ormotsi	2 times 20
50	ormotsdaati	2 times 20 and 10
60	samotsi	3 times 20
70	self-cide	3 times 20 and 10
80	otkhmotsi	4 times 20
90	otkhmotsdaati	4 times 20 and 10
100	asi	—

Under the USSR in Georgia, the Georgian language had the status of the state language.
In ancient Georgian, “juga” means “steel”. Therefore, Joseph Dzhugashvili got the pseudonym Stalin. In fact, this is a direct translation of the surname into Russian.
The Guinness Book of Records includes the word " gvprtskvnis"(he cleanses us, he removes the husks from us). This word has 8 consonants in a row.
There is a version that the word wine (vine, wine,) comes from the Georgian gvino(ღვინო). Which, in turn, goes back to the verb “ Gwivili"(ღვივილი) - bloom, bring to a boil, ferment). Georgian word " Dagwinda" means the end of the wine fermentation process. The same can be said about a person: “dagvinda bichi” means a mature young man. This is not surprising, because the tradition of winemaking originated in Georgia back in the 6th millennium BC.
In Danelia’s film “Kin-dza-dza!” the characters speak the Chatlan-Patsak language. And it was created on the basis of Georgian. Famous " ku"in Georgian means "turtle". Gravitsapa comes from the Georgian expression “ ra vitsi aba« - “Who knows!” Pepelats generally takes on a very romantic flair, because ashes in Georgian it means “butterfly”. And etsikh comes from Georgian tsikhe- jail.

Russian - Georgian phrasebook with pronunciation

If you want to know how to say thank you in Georgian, see our dictionary.

Yes	ho (colloquial), ki (neutral), diah (respectful)
No	macaw
Thank you	madloba
Thanks a lot	didi madloba
My pleasure	arapris
I'm sorry	ukatsravat (if you ask for directions)
Sorry	bodyshi (if someone is accidentally pushed)
Hello	gamarjoba
return greeting	Gagimarjos
Goodbye	nahvamdis
bye (friendly farewell)	kargad
Do you speak Russian?	tkven laparakobt rusulad?
I	meh
You	sheng
We	chwen
You	tkven
They	isini
How are you?	Rogor Hart?
Fine. How are you?	kargad. Tkwan?
what is your name?	ra gquiat?
sir (polite address)	loaf
madam (polite address)	calbatono
Fine	kargad
Badly	tsudad
mother	grandfather
father	Mother
son	Vazhishvili
daughter	Kalishvili
wife	tsoli, meugle (spouse)
husband	kmari, meugle (husband)
Friend	megobari (friend), genatsvale (literally - I am for you, used as a form of address), dzmakatsi (close friend, brother-in-arms), akhlobeli (buddy)
Cool!	Magrad!
Very good!	dzalian kargad!
so-so!	ara mishavs!
good, good	hags
My name is …	me var...
meet my friend	gaitsanite chemi megabari
with pleasure	Siamovnebit
come in!	shemobrdzandit!
sit down!	dabrzandit!
I agree	tanakhma var
Certainly	ra tkma unda
Right	scoria
Very good	dzalian kargad
Everything is fine	kwelaperi rigzea
can I ask you?	sheizleba gthovot?
I beg you very much!	dzalian gthowt!
can I come in?	sheidzleba shemovide?
can I smoke?	sheidzleba movzio?
this is too much!	es ukwe nametania!
horror!	Sashinelebaa!
Weird!	utsnauria!
Sorry, I'm in a hurry!	ukatsravad, mechkareba!
What would you like?	ra gnebavt?
Nothing!	araperi!
I want to see the city	Minda Kalakis Datvaliereba
You are very kind	tkven dzalian tavaziani brdzandebit
in no case!	aravitar shemthvevasi!
it is forbidden!	ar sheidzleba!
I don't think	aramgonia
Don't want!	ar minda!
you are wrong!	tkven is debiting!
I am very happy!	dzalian miharia!
How much does it cost?	ra hirs?
what it is?	es ra aris?
I will buy it	me amas wikidi
you have…	twain gaakvt...?
open	hiaa
closed	daketilia
a little, little	price
a little	tsotati
a lot of	bevri
All	khvela
bread	puri
drink	sasmeli, dasalebi (alcohol)
coffee	kava
tea	teas
juice	tsveni
water	tskkhali
wine	gvino
meat	khortsi
salt	Marili
pepper	pilpili
Where…?	garden aris...?
how much does the ticket cost?	tickets ra ghirs?
train	matarebeli (from tareb - to lead)
metro	metro
airport	airports
railway station	rkinigzis sadguri
bus station	autosadguri
departure	gasvla
arrival	chamosvla
hotel	sastumro
room	otahi
passport	passports
left	Marchniv
right	Marjniv
directly	pirdapir
up	zemot
down	quamot
far	shores
close	akhlos
map	hand
mail	post
museum	museumumi
bank	banks
police	police
hospital	saavadmkhopo, first aid posts
pharmacy	Aptiaki
shop	shop
restaurant	restaurants
church	eklesia
Street	a bunch
young woman	gogon
young man	ahalgazrdav

date and time

what time is it now?	Romeli Saathia?
day	dghe
a week	queer
month	TVE
year	goals
Monday	orshabati
Tuesday	Samshabati
Wednesday	otkhshabati
Thursday	hutshabati
Friday	paraskavi
Saturday	Shabbat
Sunday	queer
winter	zamtari
spring	gazaphuli
summer	got sick
autumn	shemodgoma

Numerals

1	erty
2	ori
3	themselves
4	otkhi
5	Houthis
6	eqsi
7	Shvidi
8	ditch
9	tshra
10	ati
11	termeti
12	tormeti
13	tsameti
14	tokhmeti
15	thutmeti
16	tekvsmeti
17	tsvidmeti
18	tvrameti
19	Tskhrameti
20	otsi
30	otsdaati
40	ormotsi
50	ormotsdaati
100	ac

Georgian language (ქართული ენა; kartuli ena) - the most important language in the Caucasian group of languages. The Caucasian group of languages is divided into three language families: South Caucasian or Kartvelian, Northeastern and Northwestern. They are very diverse. Strabo (Greek historian and geographer ) wrote that in I century BC in the region of Dioscuria (Sukhumi) alone, the Romans needed at least 70 translators. In Dagestan alone there are 14 nationalities and 29 languages, so it is not surprising that the name of the Caucasus comes from the Arabic phrase “mountain of languages.”

The Georgian alphabet has 5 vowels and 28 consonants, and is unlike any other alphabet in the world. Georgia had its own written language back in III century BC, but it was supplanted by Greek and Aramaic writing. The modern alphabet began to develop with the advent of the Christian faith in the country and was already in use in 450. The first literary work, “The Martyrdom of the Holy Queen Shushanik,” was written by Y. Tsurtaveli between 476 and 483. IN XII century, Shota Rustaveli wrote a poem in verse, “The Knight in the Skin of a Tiger.” There are no genders in the Georgian language, and there are no capital letters in the Georgian writing system.

The majority of the adult population in large cities of Georgia speak Russian. Young people often understand and speak English well. In mountainous areas, in small villages, the local population speaks only Georgian.

When going on a Georgia tour, you can purchase tourist phrasebooks of the Georgian language and learn basic phrases for communication. I will list some phrases below in a short dictionary.

Brief dictionary

Russian	Georgian
Hello!	Gamarjobat!
Good morning!	Dila mshvidobisa!
Welcome!	Mobrzandit!
What is your name?	Ra kvia?
How are you?	Rogora har?
Goodbye!	Nahvamdis!
Sorry!	Bodyshi! Mapatiet!
Thank you!	Gmadlobt!
Thank you very much!	Didi madloba!
Water	Ttskali
Where is..?	Aris garden..?
Hot	Tskheli
Yes	Diah, ho (colloquial)
House	Sakhli
Expensive	Dzviria
Food	Sachmeli
Closed	Dacatilia
When?	Rodis?
Beautiful	Lamazi
Who, what, which?	Romeli?
Small	Patara
Mother	Deda
Father	Mother
My name is...	Me mkwia..
My pleasure! (response to gratitude)	Apris!
No	Macaw
Very	Dzalian
Please!	Inebet, Tu sheidzlaba!
How many? (quantity)	Ramdani?
What is the price)	Ra ghirs?
Bread	Puri
Money	Bullets
Fine	Kargad
Days of the week and time
Monday	Orshabati
Tuesday	Samshabati
Wednesday	Othshabati
Thursday	Khutshabati
Friday	Paraskevi
Saturday	Shabbat
Sunday	Queer
At noon	Nashuadghes
In the evening	Saghamos
Yesterday	Gushin
Tomorrow	Praise
Day after tomorrow	Zag
Today	Dghes
Minute	Tsuchi
Now	Ahla
What time is it now?	Romeli saathia?
In the morning	Dilas
Geographical dictionary
Bus station	Bussabis Sadguri
Airport	Airport
Upper	Zemo
Interior	Shida
Mountain	MTA
City	Kalaki
Hotel	Sastumro
Lower	Kvemo
Square	Moedani
Train	Matarabeli
Avenue	Gamziri
River	Mdinare
Street	Heap
Gorge	Heavy
Church	Eclasia

Numerals

0 — zeros	12 — tormati	50 — ormotsdaati
1 — erty	13 — tsameti	60 — samotsi
2 —ori	14 — tothmeti	70 — Samotsdaati
3 — themselves	15 — thutmethi	80 — otkhmotsi
4 — otkhi	16 —tekvsmeti	90 — otkhmotsdaati
5 — Houthis	17 — chvidmati	100 — asi
6 — eqsi	18 — tvrameti	101 — as erti
7 — Shvidi	19 — tshrameti	200 — orasi
8 — ditch	20 — oci	1000 — atasi
9 — tshra	21 — otsdaherti	10 000 — ati atashi
10 — ati	30 — otsdeati	100 000 — ashi atashi
11 — Tertmeti	40 — ormotsi	Million - milioni

The above phrases and words may be useful to you in conversation during your visit to Georgia. However, for a more comfortable stay in Georgia, we recommend that you use our services. All services in the format “Georgia tours” and “Georgia excursions” company Rainbow Georgia // provides in Russian, English and, upon request, in French.

The ancestors of the Georgians are mentioned in the Bible; the legendary Colchis, where the Argonauts sailed, was located on the territory of Georgia. It seems to us that we know a lot about Georgians, but their history and culture holds many mysteries.

1. Georgians call their country Sakartvelo. This toponym translates as “all of Kartli” and goes back to the name of the region of the same name. The toponym “Georgia” goes back to the name “Gurjistan” (country of wolves), found in Arab-Persian sources.

The European name of Georgia “Georgia” is also compared with the Arab-Persian name associated with the Georgian cult of St. George. A golden sculpture of the saint rises in the central square of Tbilisi.

2. The number of Georgians in the world is more than 4 million.

3. Georgians were one of the first peoples to adopt Christianity. According to one of the most common versions, this happened in 319. It is significant that, despite the global trend, the number of believers in Georgia is growing. Today, 80% of Georgians consider themselves Orthodox.

4. Georgian is an ancient written language. The oldest written monuments in the ancient Georgian language date back to the 5th century. These include a mosaic inscription from the first half of the 5th century near Jerusalem, as well as an inscription at Bolnisi Zion (60 km south of Tbilisi) from the end of the 5th century.

5. Georgians have a unique alphabet. In Kartvelian studies there are different hypotheses about the prototype of the Georgian letter. According to various theories, it is based on Aramaic, Greek or Coptic writing.

6. The self-name of Georgians is Kartvelebi.

7. The first state mentioned by historians on the territory of Georgia is the Colchis kingdom. It was first mentioned in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. e. Greek authors Pindar and Aeschylus. It was to Colchis that the Argonauts sailed for the Golden Fleece.

8. There is no accent in the Georgian language, only the tone rises on a certain syllable. Also, Georgian does not have capital letters, and gender is determined by context.

9. Joseph Stalin is deservedly considered the most famous Georgian in the world.

10. In the Georgian language, the decimal system is used for naming numbers. To pronounce a number between 20 and 100, you need to divide it into twenties and say their number and remainder. For example: 33 is twenty-thirteen, and 78 is three-twenty-eighteen.

11. Words familiar to us from childhood in Georgia do not have the meanings to which we are accustomed. “Mama” in Georgian means dad, “deda” means mother, “bebia” means grandmother, “babua” or “papa” means grandfather.

12. There is no “f” sound in the Georgian language, and in borrowed words this sound is replaced with a “p” sound with a strong aspiration. The Russian Federation in Georgian will sound like: “Rusetis paderatsia”.

13. According to economist Kennan Eric Scott of the Washington Institute, during the Soviet Union, Georgians supplied 95% of tea and 97% of tobacco to Soviet shelves. The lion's share of citrus fruits (95%) also went to the regions of the USSR from Georgia.

14. On the territory of Georgia in 1991, the remains of Dmanisian hominids were found, initially called Homo georgicus. They are almost 2 million years old (1 million 770 000). They were given the names Zezva and Mzia.

15. In Georgia, it is customary to eat kebabs and khinkali with your hands.

16. Despite the fact that Georgia traditionally has a high level of homophobia, the level of tactile contact between Georgian men is very high. While walking, they can hold hands, sitting in coffee shops - touch each other.

17. In everyday communication, Georgians use words that for some reason they consider Russian, although for us they will not always be understandable. Georgians call slippers chusts, wallpaper - trellises, beans - lobio, a T-shirt is often called anything worn above the waist, and boots are sneakers.

18. Georgians are rightfully proud of their wine. It began to be produced here 7,000 years ago, and today there are 500 varieties of cultivated grapes in Georgia. Every year the country hosts the Rtveli grape harvest festival.

19. Georgians are known for their hospitality. The guest in the house is more important than the owner. Therefore, in Georgian homes it is not customary to take off shoes.

20. Georgians are known for their love of long toasts, but not everyone knows that it is not customary to make toasts while Georgians drink beer.

Illustrations: Niko Pirosmani

Numerous tourists visiting Georgia note that part of the population in large cities speaks Russian and English. However, once you move a little away from Tbilisi and Batumi, the need for a little knowledge of the Georgian language arises. Knowledge of basic politeness phrases, such as hello in Georgian and words of gratitude, will not be superfluous. If you plan to stay in Georgia for a couple of months, then you will probably be interested in the alphabet and various nuances of this amazingly beautiful language. As well as a Russian-Georgian dictionary, which contains phrases necessary for normal communication and finding out information

How to say hello in Georgian and why don’t Georgians say hello

Any meeting begins with mutual greetings and wishes of health. Hello in Georgian It sounds simple - gamarjobat (გამარჯობათ) But it is literally translated not as a wish for health, but a wish for victory. If you need to say the usual hello in Georgian, then we say (გამარჯობა). In response they say gagimarjos (გაგიმარჯოს).

The generally accepted greeting in Russian “Privet” is practically not used in everyday life, but we will definitely tell you that hello in Georgian will be salami (სალამი). The word “salami” is often found in literature, mainly written during the years of Soviet power, but not in everyday life.

Many people use the Russian word privet for greeting, but pronounce it in the Georgian manner “privet”. Below is the Georgian alphabet, you may notice that it is missing the letter “e”, so instead it is always said “e” (ე). If you want to say hello to someone, you need to say mokithwa gadaetsi (მოკითხვა გადაეცი). Literal translation from Georgian - tell me that I asked about him.

Saying thank you in Georgian

Of course, we couldn’t miss the most important words in all languages – words of gratitude, which are commonly used in Georgia all the time. Simple thank you in Georgian, sounds like madloba (მადლობა), you can say gmadlobt (გმადლობთ) which would mean thank you.

To express the feelings of gratitude that overwhelm you, you can use the following phrases: thank you very much in Georgian, pronounced as – didi madloba (დიდი მადლობა); thank you very much (უღრმესი მადლობა) we say ugrmesi madloba. Moreover, the phrase “many thanks” is literally translated as “deepest thanks.”

Features of the Georgian alphabet and language

The modern alphabet, unlike the ancient one, consists of 33 letters. On the initiative of Ilya Chavchavadze, 3 letters were removed from the alphabet, which were practically not used by that time. As a result, 5 vowels and 28 consonants remained in the Georgian alphabet. If you know the Georgian alphabet, then reading any inscription will not be difficult for you.

A huge plus of the Georgian language is that all letters are read and written the same, and each letter means only one sound. Letters in words are never combined to create any additional sounds. However, given the number of consonants in the language, difficulty may arise when reading four consonants in a row, which is not so rare.

In addition to the ease of writing and reading, the Georgian language has several other features that make learning it easy and simple. So Georgian words have no gender. And why is it needed? Learning Georgian is not difficult, because green will always be mtsvane (მწვანე).

For example, green th elephant, green oh tree, green and I grass, why do we need these endings indicating the gender, because you can simply write mtsvane spilo (green elephant), mtsvane he (green tree), mtsvane balahi (green grass). Agree, this makes learning the language much easier.

Another advantage of the Georgian letter is that it does not have capital letters. All words, including proper names, first and last names, as well as the first word in a sentence are always written with a small letter. And if you consider that all Georgian words are written the same way as they are heard, then you will understand that learning the language is not so difficult. You just need to listen to the speech of the Georgians and show a little diligence.

You will have to try if you decide to master the letter, because all the Georgian letters are very elegant and do not have sharp corners (rounded). At school, they pay great attention to calligraphy and the ability to write beautifully, so most people write very beautifully. One of the advantages of writing is that in Georgian there is practically no connection of letters, that is, each letter is written separately.

Here it is worth noting the presence of several dialects, which are divided into three groups. Moreover, the last group of Georgian dialects is used outside of Georgia.
The first group of dialects includes: Kartli, Kakheti (Eastern Georgia), Khevsur, Tushin, Pshav, Mokhevi and Gudamakar.

The second group of dialects includes: Adjarian (Western Georgia), Imeretian, Rachin, Lechkhumi, Gurian and Meskhetian-Javakhi (South-Eastern Georgia).

The third group of dialects spoken outside the country: Fereydan, Ingiloy, Imerkhev (Klarjet).

Don't try to learn Georgian words the way they are pronounced in the regions. Learn literary language using Russian-Georgian translator. The fact is that residents from different parts of Georgia sometimes do not understand each other, the dialects in the Georgian language are so different.

Georgian alphabet with Russian transcription and translation

Below we present to you Georgian alphabet with translation into Russian, which will help you, at a minimum, read signs in Georgian and the names of products in the store, and, at a maximum, master “The Knight in Tiger Skin” in the original language. A large number of words in Georgian sound similar to Russian. For example: magazia (მაღაზია) - store, aptiaki (აფთიაქი) - pharmacy, tangerini (მანდარინი) - tangerines, kombosto (კომბოს ტო) – cabbage.

თ - t (unvoiced T is pronounced softly with aspiration, as in the word whale)

კ - k (voiced K, as in the word school)

პ - p (hard, voiced P, as in the word post)

ტ - t (hard voiced T, as in the word coward)

ფ - p (voiceless P, aspirated, as in the word krap)

ქ - k (voiceless K, aspirated, as in the word prok)

ღ - g (sounds like gekaning, sound between G and X)

ყ - x (glottal sound X)

ც - ts (voiceless Ts, aspirated, as in the word chick)

ძ - dz (voiced sound formed by two letters DZ)

წ - ts (hard voiced Ts, as in the word thermal power plant)

ჭ - tch (soft sound from two letters tch)

ჰ - x (voiceless, light and airy letter, pronounced as a barely audible aspirated X)

Looking at the Georgian alphabet, you can see that it contains several letters that have no analogues in the Russian language. We can say that in the Georgian language there are two letters T, K and P. Just don’t tell Georgian-speaking people about this, as they will say that კ and ქ are different letters (and this is true)!

Russian-Georgian dictionary

Numbers

In order to learn numbers in Russian, it is enough to remember the first ten digits; the Georgian language uses a base-20 system (as well as the Mayan tribes) and therefore you need to learn the first 20 numbers.

Let us answer the question why you need to know numbers in Georgian. It’s no secret that tourists are often told that prices are inflated at the market, and even in stores. Therefore, you can safely walk around the bazaar, listen to what prices sellers tell the local population, and then draw conclusions about the real cost of the products.

Since the Russian-Georgian dictionary is not always at hand, remember the following numbers that form numbers in the Georgian language.

1 erti (ერთი)

2 ori (ორი)

3 themselves (სამი)

4 othi (ოთხი)

5 huthis (ხუთი)

6 eqsi (ექვსი)

7 shvidi (შვიდი)

8 moats (რვა)

9 tshra(ცხრა)

10 ati (ათი)

11 termeti (თერთმეტი)

12 tormeti (თორმეტი)

13 tsameti (ცამეტი)

14 tokhmeti (თოთხმეტი)

15 thutmeti (თხუთმეტი)

16 tekvsmeti (თექვსმეტი)

17 tchvidmeti (ჩვიდმეტი)

18 tvrameti (თვრამეტი)

19 tskhrameti (ცხრამეტი)

20 otsi (ოცი)

To say 21, we use 20+1 we get otsdaerti (ოცდაერთი), 26 – (this is 20+6) otsdaekvsi (ოცდაექვსი), 30 (20+10) otsdaati (ოცდაა თი).

40 ormotsi (ორმოცი) (translated as twice 20)

50 ormotsdaati (ორმოცდაათი)(40 and 10)

60 samotsi (სამოცი) (translated as three times 20)

70 Samotsdaati (სამოცდაათი) (60+10)

80 otkhmotsi (ოთხმოცი) (translated as four times 20)

90 otkhmotsdaati (ოთხმოცდაათი) (80+10)

100 – asi (ასი)

200 orasi (ორასი) (literally from Georgian two times one hundred, “ori” is two, and “asi” is one hundred)

300 samasi (სამასი) (three times one hundred)

400 otkhashi (ოთხასი) (four times one hundred)

500 khutasi (ხუთასი) (five times one hundred)

600 ekvsasi (ექვსასი) (six times one hundred)

700 shvidasi (შვიდასი) seven times one hundred)

800 raasi (რვაასი) (eight times one hundred)

900 tshraasi (ცხრაასი) (nine times one hundred)

1000 atashi (ათასი) (ten times one hundred).

Days of the week

The most important day of the week for Georgians is Saturday. After all, this is a wonderful day for a noisy feast with family and friends. Perhaps this is why the days of the week in Georgian are counted from Saturday and are called in a very unique way - what is the day after Saturday.

So the word ორშაბათი is formed from two words ori (two) and shabati (Saturday), which means the second day from Saturday, similarly Monday is followed by Tuesday სამშაბათი that is, the third day after Saturday. The only exceptions are Friday and Sunday. Please note that the word კვირა queer is translated not only as Sunday, but also as a week (time period).

Monday ორშაბათი (orshabati)

Tuesday სამშაბათი (samshabati)

Wednesday ოთხშაბათი (otkhshabati)

Thursday ხუთშაბათი (hutshabati)

Friday პარასკევი (paraskavi)

Saturday შაბათი (Shabati)

Sunday კვირა (queer)

Yes and no

If you agree that the Georgian language is not that difficult, then we suggest learning frequently used phrases and words. By the way, you can agree in Georgian in several ways, namely you can say:

Diah (დიახ) – literary and respectful yes.

Ki (კი) – the usual yes, most often used.

Ho – (ჰო) informal yes, used in communication between close people.

Refusal is expressed in one word - ara (emphasis on the first A) (არა) - no.

People, relatives and who is bijo in Georgian

Before presenting you with a collection of the most commonly used Georgian words and phrases, we will provide translations of several words denoting relatives in Georgian. From our small list you will learn how mother and other close relatives speak Georgian.

Mom - grandfather (დედა), affectionately dadiko (დედიკო) mommy.

Dad - mom (მამა), affectionately mamiko (მამიკო) daddy.

Grandmother - bebia (ბებია), or baby (ბებო) granny.

Grandfather is babua (ბაბუა), or babu (ბაბუ) grandpa.

Brother - dzma (ძმა), affectionately zamiko (ძამიკო) little brother.

Sister - yes (და), affectionately daiko (დაიკო) little sister.

Husband – kmari (ქმარი)

Wife – tsoli (ცოლი)

What invariably surprises foreigners is the way older relatives address their children. So, if a child calls his mother, then he calls her grandfather. The mother, answering the child, also addresses, namely: the mother asks the child if he wants water, didiko tskhali ginda (დედიკო წყალი გინდა?) Literally translated as follows: mommy want water?

The same applies to grandparents addressing their grandchildren. Babo zgvaze ginda? (ბებო ზღვაზე გინდა?) Do you want to go to the sea, grandma? This is how a grandmother will address her grandson or granddaughter. Even any grandfather on the street will turn to a young man for help with the words: babu damehmare (ბაბუ დამეხმარე).

Here we will indicate how it will be friend in Georgian - pronounced megobari, written მეგობარი. However, keep in mind the following nuance if you address a friend in Russian: friend, help! Then in Georgian you need to change the ending and say megobaro damehmare! (მეგობარო დამეხმარე). Note that when addressed, the ending always changes to “o”.

In the Georgian language the word is often found bijo although this word cannot be found in the Russian-Georgian dictionary. In fact, this is the word “bichi” (boy), which is pronounced as an address or shout “bicho!” But at the same time, the word was transformed into the street slang address “bijo”.

What also amazes tourists is that in a Georgian family there is a clear understanding of which side you are related to, your mother’s or your father’s. You can say aunt in Georgian like this: deida, mamida, bitsola. Please note that Deyda (დეიდა) is mom’s sister, Mamida (მამიდა) is dad’s sister, and Bitsola (ბიცოლა) is the uncle’s wife (uncles on either side, either on mom’s or dad’s). And only uncle from all sides is simple - bidzia (ბიძია).

If you want to call out or call a girl (something like auntie), then you need to address her as deyda (დეიდა).

And a few more relatives often mentioned during conversations:

Daughter-in-law – rdzali (რძალი)

Son-in-law – sidze (სიძე).

Mother-in-law – dedamtili (დედამთილი)

Father-in-law - mamamtili (მამამთილი)

Mother-in-law – sidedre (სიდედრი)

Father-in-law – simamre (სიმამრი).

Boy - whips (ბიჭი)

Girl – gogo (გოგო)

The guy is ahalgazrda bichi (ახალგაზრდა ბიჭი)

Girl - kalishvili (ქალიშვილი)

Man – katsi (კაცი)

Woman - kali (ქალი)

Below is Russian-Georgian phrasebook, which contains more than 100 of the most common words and expressions in the Georgian language.

Russian-Georgian phrasebook

Next you will find a small translator from Georgian to Russian which we divided into two parts. The first part contains frequently used words that are difficult to translate in one word. In the second part there are Russian words, the meaning of which has been changed in Georgia. The third, largest, contains the most popular and most frequently used words.

The dictionary includes words that can often be heard on the street, but are difficult to find in the dictionary.

Baraka (ბარაქა) - wealth, material prosperity, various forms of material wealth. Usually this is desired during toasts; in short, prosperity in everything.

Exchange (ბირჟა) - has nothing in common with other exchanges and is a mystical place in an area or city where guys, men or older people gather to communicate and discuss the latest news and problems.

Genatsvale (გენაცვალე) is a person whom you love, respect and hug at the same time.

Dzveli bichi (ძველი ბიჭი) – literal translation “old boy”. This is a young male representative who rarely works, often hangs out at the stock exchange, lives by an unwritten code and is 100% confident in his coolness.

Jandaba (ჯანდაბა) - swearing, exclamation and expression of dissatisfaction, something like damn it. You can send a person there (tentatively he will end up in something between the underworld, hell and a hundred more terrible places).

Jigari (ჯიგარი) – admiration and praise. Usually an assessment of the properties of a male person, pronounced from the fullness of feelings, after performing some worthwhile action.

Mathichara (მეტიჩარა) is usually a show-off girl who makes faces, and her coquetry goes beyond the permitted boundaries. It can be addressed to a child with a smile and to an adult girl with disdain.

Supra gavshalot (სუფრა გავშალოთ) – let’s set the table and oh yeah, feast with a mountain. Exactly translated it sounds like “let’s open the table.”

Harahura (ხარახურა) is trash that is stored in: a garage, storage room, backyard or balcony. The trash is not suitable for business, but for some reason it is stored for many years in one of the above places.

Khatabala (ხათაბალა) is a process, an action or matter for which there is no end or edge in sight. Used in a negative sense, a task that requires strength, from someone pulling the cat by the tail.

Pehabze mkidiya (ფეხებზე მკიდია) - the exact translation of “hanging on your feet” is a frequently used expression to show a disregard for something or someone (analogous to me not giving a damn).

Tsuchisopeli (წუთისოფელი) – literally “minute village” means the transience of life. Often pronounced with regret when there is nothing left to say.

Chichilaki (ჩიჩილაკი) is a Georgian Christmas tree, which is a stick with shavings that descend from the top.

Sheni chirime (შენი ჭირიმე) – literally “I will take your illness, pain or suffering upon myself.” Used from an excess of feelings with the meaning oh my good, my dear.

Shemogevle (შემოგევლე) - similar in meaning to sheni chirim.

Shemomechama (შემომეჭამა) - accidentally ate, in other words, ate without noticing how.

Words that have this meaning only in Georgia:

Rolling is a regular turtleneck or turtleneck sweater.

Chusts are house slippers.

Hairpins are clothespins.

Bambanerka is a rectangular box of chocolates.

Paste is an ordinary pen used to write at school.

Metlach - floor tiles, tile - wall tiles, both words are interchangeable.

If you carefully read the article, then you know that the Georgian language has no gender, therefore it is beautiful th and handsome and I will sound the same.

Based on this, we offer a small selection of compliments that can be said to a woman and a man:

Expressing feelings and compliments in Georgian

Compliments

Beautiful ლამაზი (lamazi)

Smart ჭკვიანი (chkviani)

Good კარგი (hags)

Sweetheart ნაზი (nazi)

Anti-compliments

Ugly უშნო (ear)

Stupid სულელი (suleli)

Bad ცუდი (tsudi)

Angry ბოროტი (boroti)

Appeal

My dear ჩემო ძვირფასო (chemo dzvirpaso)
My handsome boy ჩემო ლამაზო (chemo lamazo)
My good ჩემო კარგო (something cargo)

My soul ჩემო სულო (chemi sulo)

My little darling ჩემო ოქრო (chemo okro)
My life ჩემო სიცოცხლე (chemo sitsotskhle)
My joy ჩემო სიხარულო (chemo sikharulo)

Phrases and words suitable for expressing your feelings

Love სიყვარული (sihvaruli)
I love you მე შენ მიყვარხარ (me shen mihvarhar)
I love უზომოდ მიყვარხარ (uzomod mikhvarhar) very much
I miss you მომენატრე (momenatre)
I dream about you მესიზმრები (masismrabi)
Kisses გკოცნი (gkotsni)
Kiss me მაკოცე (makotse)
Come to me, I'll kiss you
I really like you - შენ მე ძალიან მომწონხარ (sheng me dzalian momtsonkhar)

I will never leave you
I will always be with you სულ შენთან ვიქნები (sul shentan viknabi)

You are my life
You are the meaning of my life
Why Don `t you call? რატომ არ მირეკავ? (ratom ar mirekav?)

I'll wait დაგელოდები (dagelodebi)
I'm very sad without you
Come soon მალე ჩამოდი (male chamodi)
Don't write ნუ მწერ (well mtser)

Forget me დამივიწყე (damivitshe)

Don't call me again აღარ დამირეკო (agar damireko)

Now you know how to compliment a Georgian man and woman.

Acquaintance and meeting

Hello გამარჯობა (gamarjoba)

Hello გამარჯობათ (gamarjobat)

Reply to hello გაგიმარჯოს (gagimarjos)

See you, goodbye ნახვამდის (nahvamdis)

Bye კარგად (kargad)

Good morning დილა მშვიდობისა (dila mshvidobisa)

Good afternoon დღე მშვიდობისა (dge mshvidobisa)

Good evening საღამო მშვიდობისა (sagamo mshvidobisa)

Good night ძილი ნებისა (dzili nebisa)

Thank you madloba (მადლობა)

Thank you very much დიდი მადლობა (didi madloba)

Thank you გმადლობთ (gmadlobt)

Please, you're welcome არაფრის (arapris)

How are you როგორ ხარ? (rogor har?)

How are you? How are you? როგორ ხართ? (Rogor Hart?)

Fine. How are you? კარგად. თქვენ? (Kargad. Tkven?)

Thank you, good გმადლობთ, კარგად (gmadlobt, kargad)

Bad ცუდად (tsudad)

Sorry უკაცრავად (ukatsravad)

Excuse me ბოდიში (bodyshi)

What is your name? რა გქვია? (ra gkwia?)

My name is... მე მქვია... (me mkwia...)

I don't speak Georgian არ ვლაპარაკობ ქართულად (ar vlaparakob kartlad)

I don't know Georgian მე არ ვიცი ქართული (me ar vitsi kartuli)

In the store and restaurant

What is the price? რა ღირს? (ra girs?)

What it is? ეს რა არის? (es ra aris?)

Do you have... თქვენ გაქვთ... (tkven gakvt...)

I want მინდა (minda)

I don’t want არ მინდა (ar minda)

You can't არ შეიძლება (ar sheidzleba)

A little bit ცოტა (sota)

A lot of ბევრი (bevri)

All ყველა (khvela)

How many? რამდენი? (ramdeni?)

Bring the bill to ანგარიში მოიტანეთ (angarishi moitanet)

Drinks and food:

Water წყალი (tskali)

Juice წვენი (tsveni)

Coffee ყავა (hava)

Tea ჩაი (teas)

Wine ღვინო (guino)

Fruits ხილი (hili)

Nuts თხილი (thili)

Walnuts ნიგოზი (nigozi)

Ice cream ნაყინი (nahini)

Honey თაფლი (tapli)

Salt მარილი (pickled)

Pepper პილპილი (pilpili)

Bread პური (puri)

Meat ხორცი (khortsi)

Cheese ყველი (khveli)

Shish kebab მწვადი (mtsvadi)

Greens მწვანილი (mtsvanili)

Breakfast საუზმე (sauzme)

Lunch სადილი (seated)

Dinner ვახშამი (Vakhshami)

Colors and wardrobe items

Black შავი (shawi)

White თეთრი (tetri)

Blue ლურჯი (lurji)

Red წითელი (tsiteli)

Yellow ყვითელი (khviteli)

Green მწვანე (mtsvane)

Pink ვარდისფერი (vardisperi)

Orange ნარინჯისფერი (narinjisperi)

Dress კაბა (kaba)

Skirt ქვედატანი (kvedatani)

Trousers შარვალი (sharvali)

Socks წინდები (tsindebi)

Location

Left მარცხენა (martskhena)

Right მარჯვენა (marjvena)

Straight პირდაპირ (pirdapir)

Up ზემოთ (zemot)

Down ქვემოთ (kvemot)

Far შორს (shores)

Close ახლოს (ahlos)

Card რუკა (emphasis on y) (hand)

Where…? სად არის? (garden aris...?)

What time is it now? რომელი საათია? (Romeli Saathia?)

What's the address? რა მისამართია? (ra misamartia?)

Where is the hotel? სადარის სასტუმრო? (sad aris sastumro?)

Railway station რკინიგზის ვაგზალი (rkinigzis vagzali)

Airport აეროპორტი (airport)

Port პორტი (porti)

Taxi ტაქსი (taxi)

Bus ავტობუსი (buses)

Area მოედანი (moedani)

We sincerely hope that the article answered all your questions and now you can understand what Georgians are saying, and also feel free to enter into a conversation with them. We tried to cover various topics of conversation that tourists in Georgia may have. They taught you not only literary speech, but also introduced you to frequently used slang expressions. If you still have questions, ask them in the comments. We will try to answer everyone.

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Georgia is home to hospitable and friendly people who will always help. When you come to this sunny country, you don’t have to worry that you will have problems with communication - most local residents speak Russian, and young people speak English.

National language

All information signs, signs and the like are written in Georgian, since it is state-owned. But don’t worry - almost everywhere it is duplicated in English and Russian. This is especially pronounced in large tourist cities.

Local residents over 30 mostly speak and understand Russian. It’s a little more difficult with the younger population - they communicate either in Georgian or English. Whatever the case, it will be easy for you to find someone who can answer your questions in a language you understand.

Some facts

It will take a lot of time and effort to study this incredibly complex language. It is impossible for a tourist to understand him - it will generally seem to you that the locals are swearing - that’s how he sounds specific. And all because of the five vowels, which are pronounced dryly. All other letters of the Georgian alphabet are consonants, there are 28 of them. All letters are the same in height. That is, capital letters or the first letter of the name are not highlighted.

Communication with locals

An interesting phenomenon often occurs in Georgia: Russians living here and officially working here understand Georgian, but do not speak it. And, in principle, they do not have any language barrier or communication problems.

Earlier Russian was studied in Georgian schools, so most of the local population understands it. Now the percentage of schools teaching Russian has decreased significantly. But if you are planning to move to Georgia, there will be no problems finding an educational institution with a language familiar to your child.

In tourist cities knowledge of Russian and English- part of the work, since tourists are the main income here. Of course, there is a possibility of encountering misunderstanding, for example, on the part of some taxi drivers. Don’t get upset or panic, look around - a random passer-by will not only help you, but also take you where you need to go.

Be prepared that some public transport drivers won't understand you or they won't be able to answer. Basically, this applies to visitors from small villages and villages. Of course, they don’t study Russian, much less English, there, and they don’t have time for it.

Friendly Georgians

Georgians are known for their light and cheerful disposition, this very friendly people. Communicate with them is a pleasure. They will not only give you tips and useful advice, but will also try to treat you to something.

In the area of the sea terminal, you will definitely come across taxi drivers who are ready to take you inexpensively to beautiful places not far from the city. They are all polite and pleasant people with not a drop of negativity in them.

Behave modestly and well-mannered, do not hesitate to communicate with the local population. Do it with a smile. You will be surprised by the warmth with which Georgians treat travelers.

Useful phrases in Georgian

Every local resident is impressed if a tourist addresses him in the local language. At first they are surprised, then their faces light up with a smile and they willingly make contact. We would like to introduce you to some phrases that will most likely not be out of place and will come in handy in sunny Georgia:

Common phrases

Remember phrases that you will need in everyday life:

Yes - ho
No - macaw
Thank you - gmadlobt
Please - araprice
Sorry - bodishi
I don't understand - uh
Okay - kargad
Login - gekichva
Exit - gachoveba
What time is it now? - Romeli saathia?
Do you speak English? (in French, German, Spanish)

laparakobt inglisurad (prangulad, germanulad)?

Greetings and farewells

Don't forget the polite words:

Hello - Gamarjobat
Goodbye - nahvamdis
Bye - Jerjerobit
Good morning - dila mshvidobisa
Good evening - sagamo mshvidobisa
Good night - game mshvidobisa

Shopping

If you decide to go shopping, remember these phrases:

Okay, I'm buying it - vkidulob
What it is? - Es ra aris?
What is the price? - ra g "chris?
Room - otachi
Change - hurda

Attractions

To explore the main beauties of the country, you may need the following words and phrases:

I'd like to see - meh minda vnakho
Temple - Tajari
Museum - muzeumi
Old Town - Dzveli Kalaki

At the restaurant

And to have a delicious meal in Georgia, remember these phrases:

This dish is es kerji
A cup of tea/coffee - pinjani khawa/teas
Red/white wine - tsiteli/tetri gvino
Mineral water - mineralupi tskali

Location of objects

To get your bearings, don’t hesitate to ask local residents:

Where is the mdamareobs garden located?
Night club - gamis clubi
Casino - casino
Bank - banks
Bazaar - bazaars
Supermarket - supermarket
Souvenir - souvenirabis

Having visited Georgia, you will want to come back here again and again. You will rarely meet such kind, sympathetic, smiling and friendly people. You won't want to leave here at all. Despite their hot temperament, Georgian men are well-mannered and reserved. If girls don’t give reasons, they won’t impose themselves. Have a nice holiday, warm and vivid impressions.