All shoulder straps and military ranks. What are the ranks of generals in the Russian army?

There are two types of ranks in the armed forces of the Russian Federation - military and naval.
Rank and file

Private- the lowest military rank in the army of Russia and most other countries, higher in rank only than recruit or cadet (except for officer courses). In the Armed Forces of the USSR, the rank was introduced in 1946 (before that - fighter, Red Army soldier).

Students are called "cadets". During the training period, they are awarded the military rank of enlisted personnel, and in case of successful completion of a military educational institution, they are immediately awarded the officer rank of lieutenant.

Corporal- a military rank assigned to the eldest and best soldiers, who replace them during the absence of squad commanders.

In the armed forces of the USSR (and then Russia), corporal is a military rank with a status higher than private and lower than junior sergeant.
Awarded for exemplary performance of official duties and exemplary military discipline. Indicated by one stripe on the shoulder straps.

In the Navy, he corresponds to the rank of senior sailor (photo on the right).

Lance Sergeant- a military rank in the army of Russia and some other countries, in rank below sergeant and above corporal. The regular position is the commander of a squad, tank, or combat vehicle. Also, in exceptional cases, the rank of “junior sergeant” can be awarded upon transfer to the reserve to the most distinguished conscript military personnel who have the rank of “corporal”, but are not in a regular position requiring the rank of sergeant.

Sergeant- military rank of junior command staff in the armies of many countries.

In the Soviet army and the Russian Armed Forces and other law enforcement agencies, the military (special) rank of sergeant was introduced by order of the People's Commissar of Defense dated November 2, 1940. Assigned to: cadets who have completed training in educational units under the sergeant training program with “excellent” marks; junior sergeants worthy of being awarded the next military rank and appointed to positions for which the states provide for the rank of sergeant or upon transfer to the reserve. The regular position is the commander of a squad, tank, or combat vehicle.

Staff Sergeant- a military rank in the army of Russia and a number of other countries, in rank above sergeant and below sergeant major.

The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.
To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively. The regular position is deputy platoon commander.

Sergeant Major- military rank of sergeant (senior officer). In the armed forces of the USSR, it was introduced by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR dated September 22, 1935. According to the current regulations, it is awarded to the best senior sergeants who have served in sergeant positions for at least 6 months and appointed to positions for which the states provide for the rank of sergeant major, as well as positively certified senior sergeants with transferring them to the reserve. In the Navy, the rank of chief sergeant corresponds to the rank of chief naval sergeant (until 1971, in the USSR Navy, the rank of chief sergeant corresponded to the rank of midshipman).
An official in a company (battery). He is the direct superior of the soldiers and sergeants of his unit; is responsible for the correct performance of their service, military discipline, internal order, and the safety of weapons and other property. Subordinate to the company commander and, in the absence of officers, performs his duties. Persons with the rank of warrant officer (midshipman) and long-term servicemen with the rank of sergeant are appointed to the position of company (battery) foreman.

In the Navy, the rank of petty officer corresponds to the rank of chief naval foreman (photo on the right).

Ensign- military rank (rank) in the armies of a number of countries. In the Armed Forces of the USSR, the ranks of ensign and midshipman were introduced on January 1, 1972. Ensigns and midshipmen represent a separate category of military personnel. In terms of their official position, duties and rights, they occupy a place close to junior officers, are their closest assistants and superiors for soldiers (sailors) and sergeants (foremen) of the same unit. Since 1981, the rank of senior warrant officer was also introduced.

The military rank of warrant officer is awarded, as a rule, upon graduation from corresponding schools that do not have the status of higher military educational institutions (graduates of such educational institutions immediately receive officer ranks). Warrant officers wear shoulder straps and sleeve insignia of the established type.

The naval rank of military personnel in the Navy is midshipman (photo on the right).

Senior Warrant Officer- a military rank in the Russian army and in the armies of a number of states, higher in rank than ensign, but lower than officers. On January 12, 1981, the military rank of senior warrant officer was introduced in the Soviet Army, coastal units and aviation of the Navy, border and internal troops.

On ships, vessels, in coastal combat support units of the Navy and maritime units of border troops - a senior midshipman (photo on the right).

Junior officers

Ensign- the primary military rank of junior officers in the armies and navies of many countries.

Previously, in the Soviet army, the title was awarded to graduates of secondary specialized educational institutions, and in wartime - to graduates of accelerated officer training courses. Currently, in the Russian army, the rank of junior lieutenant is awarded to senior cadets of some higher military educational institutions (for example, 5th year cadets of some military medical academies), graduates of regimental and division schools of junior lieutenants, and in exceptional cases - graduates of civilian secondary specialized educational institutions and warrant officers (midshipmen) for special distinctions or in case of an acute shortage of officers.

Lieutenant- military rank of junior officer in the army of many countries. Awarded as an officer rank to military personnel who have graduated from military schools, and to those liable for military service who have undergone military training at civilian universities, as well as in other cases. Junior lieutenants are awarded the rank of lieutenant upon expiration of the established period of service upon positive certification.

Senior Lieutenant- military rank of junior officer in the armed forces of many states, including Russia.

Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.
The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.
To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.
Placement of stars on shoulder straps for a senior lieutenant of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - two lower stars on both sides of the longitudinal line of the shoulder straps and the third above the first two on the longitudinal center line of the shoulder straps, the diameter of the stars is 14 mm. The stars form an equilateral triangle with a side of slightly less than 29 mm between the centers of the stars. There is a button at the top of the shoulder straps.

Captain- military rank of officers in the army and navy of many countries of the world.

In artillery, the rank of captain corresponds to the position of battery commander (battler commander). If an engineer receives this rank, the rank is called “engineer-captain”. A similar system exists in the Navy (engineer-captain 3rd rank, for example).
In the police, a captain usually occupies a position corresponding to a platoon commander.

For naval personnel - lieutenant commander (photo on the right).

Senior officers

Major- first rank of senior officers.

In the navy, he corresponds to the rank of captain of the 3rd rank (photo on the right).

Lieutenant colonel- military and special rank of senior officers between major and colonel in the modern army, special services and law enforcement agencies of the USSR and the Russian Federation, as well as the armies and law enforcement agencies of many other countries.

In the navy, the rank of lieutenant colonel corresponds to the rank of Captain 2nd rank (photo on the right).

Colonel- military rank of officers in the Russian army and in the armies of most countries of the world. The colonel is a senior officer.

In the armed forces of the USSR, the military rank of colonel was introduced by a resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of September 22, 1935. In the Russian Army it is located between the ranks of lieutenant colonel and major general.

In the Navy, the rank of colonel for ship officers corresponds to the rank of captain 1st rank (photo on the right).

Senior officers

Major General- the primary military rank of senior officers, located between colonel or brigadier general and lieutenant general. A major general usually commands a division (about 15,000 personnel).

Lieutenant General- military rank of senior officers in the armies of a number of states.

In the military hierarchy, a major is higher than a lieutenant, but a lieutenant general is higher in rank than a major general. Historically, in the rank system there was the rank of "full general" or simply general - a rank one step below field marshal. Thus, the rank of “lieutenant general” initially denoted more of a position - deputy to a full general.

In the Russian Armed Forces, he usually commands an army within a military district and holds a number of staff positions. In the category of naval personnel of the Navy, the rank of lieutenant general corresponds to the rank of vice admiral (photo on the right).

Colonel General- military rank of senior officers in a number of countries of the world. In the armed forces of the Russian Federation, the military rank of the highest officer, senior to lieutenant general, but below army general.

In the armed forces of the Russian Federation and other “security” structures, a colonel general is usually the deputy commander/chief of staff of a military district, and also holds senior positions in the Ministry of Defense and the General Staff.
Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.
The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.
To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively. In the Russian Navy, the rank of admiral corresponds to the rank of admiral (photo on the right).

Army General- military rank in the armies of a number of states.

In the army of the Russian Federation, servicemen of artillery, aviation, signal troops, and tank troops can be awarded the rank of “army general” (in contrast to the Soviet army, where there was the rank of marshal of the military branch).

The corresponding rank in the navy is fleet admiral (photo on the right).

There are two types established in the Russian Federation military ranks military personnel - military and naval. Ship military ranks assigned to sailors of the surface and submarine forces of the Navy, naval military units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and the coast guard of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia. Military military ranks assigned to other military personnel serving in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, the FSB, the SVR, the FSO, the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and other troops, military formations and bodies.

The prefix “guard” (for example, “guard major”) is applied to the military ranks of military personnel of guards units. In relation to military personnel of the legal and medical services, the words “justice” and “medical service” are added, respectively. For military personnel who are in reserve or retired, the words “reserve” and “retired” are added, respectively. Military personnel studying at a military educational institution of professional education are called: those who do not have the military rank of officers - cadets, and those who have a military rank - students. Citizens who did not have a military rank before entering a military educational institution or who had the military rank of sailor or soldier are assigned the military rank of cadet upon admission to study.

Other military ranks awarded before entering a military educational institution of vocational education are retained.

The list of military ranks is established by the federal law of the Russian Federation “On military duty and military service.”

Colors and types of shoulder straps

Soldiers, sergeants, petty officers, warrant officers (except for the Navy)
Dress tunic and winter coat - sewn shoulder straps in red (in aviation, airborne forces, aerospace defense forces - blue, in tank, artillery, anti-aircraft missile, automobile, engineering, topographical, technical, road troops, strategic missile forces, troops communications, radiation, chemical and biological protection, fuel service - black) color.

Ceremonial shirt (green) - similar in color to the shoulder straps on the ceremonial jacket, but removable.

Ensigns (except Navy)
The ceremonial jacket and winter coat are sewn shoulder straps in a protective color, with red edging on the sides (in aviation, airborne forces, space forces - blue, in tank, artillery, anti-aircraft missile, automobile, engineering, topographical, technical, highway troops, strategic missile forces , signal troops, radiation, chemical and biological protection, fuel service - black) color.
Ceremonial shirt (green) - similar in color to the shoulder straps on the ceremonial jacket, but removable and without edging.

Field uniform - removable shoulder straps of camouflage color.

Officers (except Navy)
Everyday jacket, winter coat, wool jacket, demi-season jacket, summer raincoat - khaki-colored false shoulder straps with red edging on the sides (in aviation, airborne forces, space forces - blue). On a casual tunic and a winter coat there are sewn shoulder straps, on other items they are removable.
Casual shirt (green) - removable khaki shoulder straps without piping.
Dress shirt (white) - removable white shoulder straps without edging.
Ceremonial shirt (green) - similar in color to the shoulder straps on the ceremonial jacket, but removable and without edging.

Sailors, foremen and midshipmen of the Navy

The ceremonial jacket and winter coat are sewn shoulder straps of gray and black color with squares in a checkerboard pattern.
Ceremonial shirt (beige for midshipmen. Not provided for sailors and foremen) - similar in color to the shoulder straps on the ceremonial jacket, but removable.
Everyday clothing (sailors, petty officers) - blue shoulder strap (or blue with silver trim) with a yellow letter “F” and yellow stripes according to rank.

Navy officers

The ceremonial jacket consists of sewn shoulder straps of golden color, with black edging on the sides.
Casual jacket, winter coat - black shoulder straps with yellow edging on the sides.
Casual shirt (beige) - detachable beige shoulder straps without edging.
Dress shirt (white) - removable golden-colored shoulder straps without edging.

Shoulder straps

Soldiers and sailors

They do not have any insignia on their shoulder straps.

Sergeants and petty officers

They have insignia in the form of fabric braids - stripes. Strap colors:

Field uniform - khaki;
Everyday and dress uniforms are yellow;

Ensigns and midshipmen

They have insignia in the form of small stars located vertically. Shoulder straps are similar to officer's, but without gaps and may have edgings

Officers

Junior officers

One vertical stripe is a gap. The sprockets are metal, small (13 mm). There is no clearance on field shoulder straps.

Senior officers

Two clearances and larger metal sprockets (20 mm). There is no clearance on field shoulder straps.

Senior officers

Vertically located embroidered stars of large size (22 mm), no gaps.
General of the Army, Admiral of the Fleet- one large embroidered star with a diameter of 40 mm (Since February 22, 2013)

Marshal of the Russian Federation

It has one very large embroidered star (40 mm) against a background of radiating silver rays forming a pentagon, and the coat of arms of Russia (without the heraldic shield).

For the first time, Peter I strictly regulated ranks and their receipt in the “Table of Ranks”. In the Russian Imperial Army there were such ranks as sergeant major, non-commissioned officer, sergeant, corporal, and ensign. The modern system of ranks in the Armed Forces and other law enforcement agencies is enshrined in the law of the Russian Federation “On Military Duty and Military Service.”

Ranks in the army are insignia designed to maintain subordination, delineate rights, responsibilities and privileges. Based on military affiliation, ranks are classified into naval and military.

According to the hierarchy, gradation is made into non-officer and officer ranks. The latter, in turn, are divided into junior, senior and senior officers. Regardless of rank, all military personnel are subject to military registration.

Ranks in the Russian army, in ascending order, start from ordinary soldier and end with marshal. The Supreme Commander-in-Chief is not a title, but a position held by the President of the country. The highest military rank is generalissimo. In total, in the history of Russia there were five commanders awarded the highest rank, the most famous of which are A.V. Suvorov and I.V. Stalin.

A feature of military ranks in the Russian Federation is the use of clarifications. Soldiers and officers of guard units wear the prefix “guard” (guard private, guard lieutenant).

The rank of military personnel of the medical and legal services is joined by “justice” (Colonel of Justice), and “medical service” (sergeant of the medical service). For persons who have retired from the Armed Forces, the clarification of “reserve” (reserve major) or “retired” (retired major general) applies.

About shoulder straps in the army

The distinctive shoulder insignia of military personnel, by which an informed person can determine rank, are shoulder straps. As one of the main elements of a military uniform, shoulder straps were introduced during Peter's reforms in the army.

In the middle of the 19th century, this element of uniform became determining the attitude of a serviceman to a particular regiment and the difference between ranks. At the beginning of the 20th century, shoulder straps were abolished. They were replaced by sleeve insignia (chevrons) and insignia of distinction in buttonholes (badges on the collar of uniforms).

The chevrons remained until 2013, but no longer denoted the rank of a serviceman, but his affiliation with certain troops or service in the Ministry of Defense (MoD) and the General Staff. The return of shoulder straps to the Armed Forces took place during the Great Patriotic War (1943).

The main elements of shoulder straps are:

fabric or metal braids, otherwise - stripes located across the shoulder straps - for non-officers;
stars - for warrant officers in the army and midshipmen in the navy;
stars and a single gap (a stripe running along the shoulder strap) - for the junior officer corps;
stars and two skylights - correspond to senior officers;
embroidered stars and fabric relief - for senior officers.

Shoulder straps can be sewn on or removable, as well as ceremonial, everyday and intended for field uniforms. The size of shoulder insignia varies depending on the type of uniform (winter coat, dress or casual jacket, shirt).

The color of the gaps on officer's shoulder straps differs depending on the branch of the military. Military personnel of the VKS (Military Space Forces), Airborne Forces (Airborne Forces) wear shoulder straps with blue gaps, border guards have green gaps, and combined arms shoulder straps of ground forces have red gaps. Naval officers are prescribed black shoulder badges (white for dress uniforms) with gold highlights.

Military ranks and shoulder straps of non-officers

The first, and for most conscript soldiers the last, rank that a recruit automatically receives is private. Shoulder insignia do not have any attributes. Next comes the corporal, who has one transverse fabric braid on his shoulders. Then comes the sergeants:

junior sergeant - two braids;
sergeant - three braids;
senior sergeant - one cross braid, but wider in size than the previous stripes.

Since 2020, the concept of “Chief Sergeant” has appeared in the Armed Forces. It has nothing to do with hierarchical ranks, since it is not a title, but a position.

Above sergeants, but below warrant officers are sergeants majors. This is the last rank in the army, which is awarded to a young man who does not have a special military education. The shoulder straps of the foremen are characterized by one wide braid located lengthwise. Warrant officers are a separate category. These are contract soldiers who graduated from the special “Warrant Officer School”.

In Soviet times, they were called super-conscripts. Shoulder attributes are plain (blue for the Airborne Forces and Aerospace Forces, green for other branches of the military). Warrant officers have two stars with a diameter of 13 mm located along their shoulder straps (senior warrant officers have three stars).

What kind of shoulder straps do junior officers wear?

Junior officers are represented by lieutenant, junior and senior lieutenant (starley), and captain. The star paraphernalia on the shoulder straps has a thirteen-millimeter diameter. The junior lieutenant has one star located in the gap, the lieutenant has two stars located parallel to each other through the gap.

A senior lieutenant has three stars on his insignia. Two of them have the same location as in the previous version, and the third is in the clear. The captain receives four stars on his shoulder straps (of all ranks in the army, this is considered the most beautiful).

The location corresponds to the starley's shoulder insignia, plus one more star is added for clearance. Before receiving the rank of lieutenant, future officers undergo 4–5 years of training at higher military educational institutions. All this time they have been cadets with the corresponding letter “K” on their shoulder straps.

Senior officers, bright spots and stars

For those who are senior officers, larger stars are provided - 20 mm in diameter, and shoulder straps with two clearances. Senior officers are represented by:

Major. One twenty-millimeter sprocket is located between the gaps.
Lieutenant colonel. The shoulder insignia looks similar to the lieutenant's shoulder straps, only the stars are placed directly on the gaps.
Colonel. The location of two stars is identical to the lieutenant colonel, the third is located between the gaps.

The placement of stars on the shoulder insignia of junior and senior officers in the officer corps is regulated by law. The distance between the attributes, as well as the distance of the stars in relation to the clearance, has a strict millimeter.

Senior officers

The highest officer ranks include three general ranks: major general, lieutenant general, and colonel general. The stars embroidered on the fabric relief surface are 22 mm in diameter and are located in the middle of the shoulder strap, lengthwise. The number of stars on the shoulder straps: one, two and three - corresponding to the general ranks, listed in order.

Next comes the General of the Army - the diameter of the star is 40 mm, along with it is the lapel emblem of the Ground Forces (star in a wreath). The highest active rank is marshal. Shoulder insignia includes an embroidered forty-millimeter star with piping and the coat of arms of the Russian Federation (without the accepted heraldic shield).

The only marshal in modern Russian history is Igor Sergeev, who was awarded this title in 1997. The real Minister of Defense S. Shoigu holds the rank of army general.

Military and ship ranks: order of correlation

In the Navy, some ranks have different names.

Correspondence tables

The only difference in the names of the ranks of the junior officer corps is the rank of captain; in the navy it is called captain-lieutenant.

Assignment of ranks and corresponding positions in the army

Military ranks are assigned to persons of conscript or contract service in the Armed Forces (AF) and the Navy (Navy), in the Civil Defense Forces (EMERCOM), in the National Guard (former troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs), in the Federal Services (FSB, FSO), etc. .

Higher officers (generals) receive ranks in the RF Army by order of the RF Ministry of Defense. The assignment of the next (extraordinary) rank to senior officers is carried out by the command of the Military District in which the officer is serving. The rank of warrant officer is awarded upon completion of the Warrant Officer School.

A senior warrant officer can be obtained by order of the commander of a formation (division, corps, etc.). Obtaining non-officer ranks is the responsibility of the unit commander in the active forces where the soldier serves. An ordinary soldier (sailor) receives corporal braid (or a senior sailor's stripes) for strict execution of orders, adherence to discipline, and absence of penalties.

You can join the senior ranks 4–5 months after the start of military service in the Armed Forces after a short training period. Junior sergeants and sergeants occupy the positions of squad commanders. The senior sergeant is the platoon commander. The sergeant major in the army and the chief sergeant major in the navy are platoon commanders.

The sequence of assignment of officer ranks in the army has its own characteristics. The rank of junior lieutenant is awarded to young people who have graduated from a higher educational institution with a military department after undergoing short-term military training.

Graduates of higher military schools come to military units as lieutenants. Two years later they receive the title of senior leader. Both ranks correspond to the position of platoon commander. A starley may be a company lock, or in the Navy a ship's mate. The rank of captain is awarded three years after the senior leader if there is a corresponding position of company commander (deputy captain of the ship).

Major or captri (captain of the 3rd rank) are senior officers, who in the first case are the deputy battalion commander (deputy battalion commander), chief of service. In the second - the commander of a small warship. In practice, a major can be a battalion commander or chief of staff of a battalion.

A captain in the navy or a lieutenant colonel in the Ground Forces and Aerospace Forces are the commander of the ship and the commander of the battalion (deputy regiment commander), respectively. Colonel of the Armed Forces (kapraz) is a rank that is awarded after receiving additional education - the Military Academy.

Military personnel of this rank occupy the positions of regiment commander, deputy. brigade commander, brigade commander (brigade commander), deputy. division commander (division commander). The procedure for assigning general and admiral ranks corresponds to the positions held.

The army general commands a military district and may be a deputy. Minister or Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Results

In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, a strict hierarchy of ranks and positions is legally established. Officers and non-officers receive ranks and positions in ascending order, in accordance with the education received and length of service.

Military ranks

1. Article 46 of the Federal Law establishes the following composition of military personnel and military ranks:

Compositions of military personnel	Military ranks
Compositions of military personnel	military	ship
Soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen	corporal Lance Sergeant staff Sergeant foreman	senior sailor foreman 2 articles petty officer 1st article chief petty officer chief petty officer
Ensigns and midshipmen	ensign Senior Warrant Officer	senior midshipman

junior officers	Ensign lieutenant senior lieutenant	Ensign lieutenant senior lieutenant captain-lieutenant
senior officers	lieutenant colonel Colonel	captain 3rd rank captain 2nd rank captain 1st rank
senior officers	major general lieutenant general Colonel General army General	rear admiral vice admiral fleet admiral
	Marshal of the Russian Federation

2. Before the military rank of a serviceman serving in a guards military unit, on a guards ship, the word “guards” is added.

The words “justice” or “medical service” are added to the military rank of a serviceman or a citizen in the reserve who has a military registration specialty of a legal or medical profile, respectively.

To the military rank of a citizen who is in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve” or “retired” are added, respectively.

3. The seniority of military ranks and composition of military personnel is determined by the sequence of their listing in Article 46 of the Federal Law: from the military rank of “private” (“sailor”) to a higher one and from the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” to a higher one.

Military and naval military ranks corresponding to each other are considered equal.

4. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel personally.

Military rank can be first or second.

5. The form and content of submissions, forms of other documents and orders for the conferment of military ranks, as well as the procedure for their execution and submission (with the exception of senior officers) are established by the head of the federal executive body or the federal state body in which military service is provided.

The procedure for assigning the first military rank

1. The first military ranks are considered:

a) for “officers” - junior lieutenant, lieutenant;

b) for the composition “ensigns and midshipmen” - warrant officer, midshipman;

c) for the composition of “soldiers, sailors, sergeants, foremen” - private, sailor, sergeant, foreman 1st article.

2. The military rank of lieutenant is awarded to:

a) a serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, or a serviceman who has the military rank of junior lieutenant, regardless of the length of military service in this military rank, who has graduated from a higher or secondary military educational institution - upon graduation from the said educational institution;

a.1) to a citizen who graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education and completed training in a military training program at a military training center at this educational organization - on the day following the day of issuance of the order on graduation from the specified educational organization;

b) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve officers at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the specified educational organization - when enlisting in the reserve;

c) a citizen (soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a higher education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position ;

d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, who is undergoing military service under a contract, has a higher education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

e) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a higher education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;

f) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies , upon completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

3. The military rank of junior lieutenant is awarded to:

a) a military man who has completed training courses for junior officers and has a secondary general education - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;

b) a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position job title;

c) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract, having a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

d) a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a secondary vocational education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;

e) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies , upon completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

4. The military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) is awarded to:

a) a military personnel who has graduated from a military educational institution that trains military personnel in the military specialties of warrant officers (midshipmen) and who has a secondary general education - upon graduation from the said educational institution;

b) a citizen (military officer) who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) ), - upon appointment to the appropriate military position;

c) a military personnel who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is undergoing military service under a contract, has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;

d) a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is serving under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Service of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President Russian Federation, - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies, upon completion of training under the training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.

4.1. The military rank of sergeant (sergeant major 1st article) is awarded to:

a) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for sergeants, reserve foremen at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve;

b) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for sergeants, reserve foremen in a military educational organization of higher education and graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve.

5. The military rank of private is assigned to:

a) a citizen who does not have a military rank, called up for military service - upon departure from the military commissariat to the place of military service;

b) a citizen who does not have a military rank and is enlisted in the reserve - upon enlistment in the reserve;

c) a citizen who does not have a military rank and entered military service under a contract - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit;

d) a citizen who does not have a military rank, enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution;

e) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve soldiers at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve;

f) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve soldiers in a military educational organization of higher education and graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve.

6. The military rank of a sailor is assigned to:

a) a serviceman called up for military service - when enlisted in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;

b) a citizen who entered military service under a contract and does not have a military rank - when enrolled in the lists of personnel of a military unit where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;

c) a citizen who does not have a military rank, enrolled in a military educational institution - upon enrollment in the specified educational institution, where the state provides for the military rank of sailor;

d) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve sailors at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve;

e) a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve sailors in a military educational organization of higher education and graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education - when enlisting in the reserve.

7. When entering military service a citizen who is or has served in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, other law enforcement agencies, the prosecutor's office of the Russian Federation, the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation or in the federal fire service and has a special rank (class rank of prosecutor), he may be assigned a military rank equal to his special rank (class rank of a prosecutor) in the order of re-certification (certification) determined by the head of the federal executive body or the federal state body in which military service is provided.

The procedure for assigning the next military rank

1. The next military rank is assigned to a serviceman on the day of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, if he occupies a military position (position) for which the state provides for a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the serviceman.

1.1. The next military rank is not assigned to a serviceman:

a) at the disposal of the commander (chief);

b) if he is brought as an accused in a criminal case or a criminal case is initiated against him - until the termination of the criminal prosecution;

c) during the period of investigation into the fact of committing a gross disciplinary offense - before applying disciplinary action to the serviceman;

d) during the period of verification of the accuracy and completeness of information on income, expenses, property and liabilities of a property nature, compliance with the requirements for official conduct - before applying a penalty to the serviceman;

e) submitted for early dismissal from military service on the grounds provided for in subparagraphs "e" - "h", "l", "m" of paragraph 1 and subparagraphs "c" - "f.2", "h" - "l" paragraph 2 of article 51 of the Federal Law;

f) before the expiration of the period during which he is considered to have:

disciplinary action in the form of a warning about incomplete service compliance, reduction in military rank, reduction in military rank by one step, reduction in military rank by one step with a reduction in military rank;
disciplinary sanction applied for committing a gross disciplinary offense;

g) until the end of serving his criminal sentence in the form of restrictions on military service or arrest;

h) until his criminal record is expunged or expunged;

i) before the end of the probationary period upon his entry into military service under a contract;

j) whose military service has been suspended.

1.2. If, in accordance with the procedure established by the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the right to rehabilitation is recognized for a serviceman, or if the disciplinary sanction applied to a serviceman, specified in subparagraph "e" of paragraph 1.1 of this article, was canceled (except if after the cancellation commander (chief) of the specified disciplinary sanction, he applied another disciplinary sanction from those specified in subparagraph "e" of paragraph 1.1 of this article), or if, after the investigation or inspection specified in subparagraph "c" or "d" of paragraph 1.1 of this article, the military man was not brought to justice, a military rank is assigned to a serviceman from the date of expiration of his military service in the previous military rank.

1.3. If the disciplinary sanction specified in subparagraph "e" of paragraph 1.1 of this article is withdrawn or the criminal record is cleared or expunged, the military rank is assigned to the serviceman from the day the disciplinary sanction is lifted or the criminal record is cleared or expunged.

1.4. The period of military service in the assigned military rank does not include the time of serving a criminal sentence in the form of a restriction on military service or arrest, as well as time (periods) that, in accordance with the Federal Law, is not counted in the period of military service (in the period of probation upon admission to military service). contract service).

2. Time limits are established for military service in the following military ranks:

private, sailor - five months;
junior sergeant, sergeant major 2 articles - one year;
sergeant, foreman 1st article - two years;
senior sergeant, chief petty officer - three years;
ensign, midshipman - three years;
junior lieutenant - two years;
lieutenant - three years;
senior lieutenant - three years;
captain, captain-lieutenant - four years;
major, captain 3rd rank - four years;
lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank - five years.

3. The military rank of a senior officer may be assigned to a military serviceman after at least two years of his military service in the previous military rank and at least one year in the military position (position) to be filled by senior officers.

The terms of military service in the military rank of colonel general (admiral) and army general (fleet admiral) are not established.

4. The term of military service in the military rank of lieutenant for military personnel undergoing military service under a contract who have graduated from a full-time military educational institution with a period of five years or more is set at two years.

5. The period of military service of military personnel in the assigned military rank is calculated from the date of assignment of the military rank.

6. The period of military service in the assigned military rank includes the time spent in military service.

The following is counted within the specified period:

a) the time of break in military service in the event of unjustified prosecution of a serviceman, illegal dismissal of a serviceman from military service and his subsequent reinstatement in military service;

b) the time of suspension of military service;

c) time spent in reserve.

7. When a serviceman is appointed to the highest military position (position), at the same time, and if simultaneous registration is not possible, from the date of appointment to the highest military position (position), he is assigned the next military rank if his term of service in the previous military rank has expired, provided that that for this military position (position) the state provides a military rank equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to the military member.

In this case, the military rank of a senior officer is assigned taking into account the requirements of paragraph 3 of this article.

8. A military serviceman who has the military rank of officer and is successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program, the next military rank up to lieutenant colonel, captain 2nd rank inclusive, is assigned on the day of expiration of his military service in the assigned military rank, regardless of military position (position) that he held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate studies, military doctoral studies.

9. A serviceman who has the military rank of officer, who, before entering a military educational institution, postgraduate course, or military doctoral program, held a military position (position) for which the state provides for the military rank of colonel, captain 1st rank or senior officer, the next military rank up to colonel, captain 1st rank inclusive is assigned in accordance with the military position (position) held before entering the specified educational institution, postgraduate course, military doctoral program after the expiration of the length of service in the assigned military rank.

10. A serviceman may be awarded the next military rank ahead of schedule for special personal merits, but not higher than the military rank provided for by the state for the military position (position) he occupies.

11. A military serviceman whose period of military service in the assigned military rank has expired, for special personal merits, may be awarded a military rank one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position he occupies, but not higher than the military rank of major or captain of the 3rd rank, and a military personnel with an academic degree and (or) academic rank, holding a military position as a teacher in a military professional educational organization or a military educational organization of higher education or a researcher in a military professional educational organization, a military educational organization of higher education or a scientific organization - not higher than military rank of colonel or captain 1st rank.

12. The military rank of corporal (senior sailor) may be awarded as an incentive for special personal merit to a military personnel holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of private (sailor).

13. The military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) is assigned to a private (sailor) holding a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of junior sergeant (sergeant major, article 2) and above, upon expiration of his military service in the previous military rank, as well as a serviceman who has successfully completed training in a military training unit under the sergeant (sergeant major) training program.

Rights of officials in conferring military ranks

1. Military ranks are assigned to military personnel:

a) senior officers - by the President of the Russian Federation on the proposal of the head of the federal executive body or the federal government body that provides for military service;

b) colonel, captain 1st rank - the head of the federal executive body or federal government body that provides for military service;

c) other military ranks - by officials determined by the head of the federal executive body in which military service is provided.

The military commissar assigns to citizens called up for military service the military rank of private, and to citizens in the reserve - from private (sailor) to senior warrant officer (senior midshipman), inclusive.

The powers of officials of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation to confer military ranks, with the exception of military ranks of senior officers, are established by the director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

1.1. The powers of officials of the military prosecutor's office and military investigative bodies of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation to assign military ranks are established by the Federal Law "On the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation" and the Federal Law of December 28, 2010 N 403-FZ "On the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation".

2. Officials have the right to assign military ranks to military personnel under their direct subordination.

A superior official enjoys all the rights to assign military ranks granted to subordinate commanders (chiefs).

3. Assignment of the first military rank of officer, military rank of officer ahead of schedule, one step higher than the military rank provided by the state for the military position held, as well as military rank to military personnel successfully studying full-time at a military educational institution, postgraduate study, military doctoral studies, up to and including colonel (captain 1st rank) is carried out by the head of the federal executive body or federal government body in which military service is provided.

Assignment of the first military rank of private (sailor) or sergeant (sergeant major 1st article) to citizens who have successfully completed training in the relevant military training programs at military departments at federal state educational organizations of higher education or in military educational organizations of higher education and who have graduated from federal state educational organizations of higher education , is carried out by the military commissar upon enrollment in the reserve.

4. Assignment of military ranks to warrant officers (midshipmen), sergeants (foremen) ahead of schedule, as well as assignment of regular military ranks one step higher than the military rank provided for the occupied full-time military position: warrant officers (midshipmen) - not higher than the military rank of senior warrant officer (senior warrant officer) ), sergeants (foremen) - not higher than the military rank of sergeant major (chief ship sergeant major), - is carried out by officials who have the right to assign these military ranks.

Terms of stay in military ranks, the rights of officials to assign military ranks and the procedure for assigning military ranks to citizens in reserve

1. Citizens in the reserves may be awarded the first and subsequent military ranks, but not higher than the military rank of colonel or captain 1st rank.

2. A citizen who is in the reserve may be assigned a military rank if the specified citizen is assigned or may be assigned to a military unit (intended or may be assigned to a special formation) for conscription for military service upon mobilization to a position for which the wartime staff a military rank is provided that is equal to or higher than the military rank assigned to a citizen who is in the reserve, and the next military rank, in addition, after the expiration of the established period of stay in the previous military rank. In this case, a citizen who is in the reserve can be assigned a military rank after he has completed military training and passed the relevant tests or in the certification procedure.

3. Time limits are established for being in the reserve in the following military ranks:

a) private or sailor - five months;

b) junior sergeant or sergeant major 2 articles - one year;

c) sergeant or sergeant major 1st article - two years;

d) senior sergeant or chief sergeant - three years;

e) warrant officer or midshipman - three years;

f) junior lieutenant - two years;

g) lieutenant - three years;

h) senior lieutenant - three years;

i) captain or captain-lieutenant - four years;

j) major or captain 3rd rank - five years;

k) lieutenant colonel or captain 2nd rank - six years.

4. By decision of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation (Director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, Director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation), a citizen who is in the reserve, with high professional training and extensive experience in a specialty applicable in military service, who has the military rank of officer, the period of stay in a military rank may be shortened.

5. A citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, if he has work experience in a specialty related to military registration, the first military rank of an officer may be assigned by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in the certification procedure:

a) having a higher education - lieutenant;

b) having secondary vocational education - junior lieutenant.

6. The next military rank of a citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation may be assigned to:

a) soldier, sailor, sergeant, sergeant major, warrant officer and midshipman:

up to and including the chief petty officer or the chief petty officer - a military commissar;
up to senior warrant officer or senior midshipman inclusive - military commissar;

b) officer:

The paragraph became invalid on November 29, 2009. - Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 29, 2009 N 1363;
up to colonel or captain 1st rank inclusive - by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

7. The next military rank can be assigned to a citizen who is in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation:

a) up to and including senior lieutenant - with positive certification;

b) from captain or captain-lieutenant to colonel or captain of the 1st rank inclusive - when he undergoes military training in a position corresponding to the next military rank, and passes the corresponding tests or in the certification procedure if he has work experience in a specialty related to military registration (military service in the corresponding officer positions).

8. The procedure for conducting certification for assigning military ranks to citizens in the reserves of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is determined by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

9. A citizen deprived of a military rank is assigned the military rank of private by the military commissar, simultaneously with registration for military service.

10. Citizens who are in the reserves of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation are assigned regular military ranks in the certification procedure, taking into account the possibility of their further use in military positions.

The rights of officials to assign military ranks, the procedure for assigning military ranks and conducting certification of these citizens are determined respectively by the director of the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation and the director of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.

The procedure for reinstatement in military rank

1. A citizen who has been deprived of a military rank, after the removal or expungement of a criminal record, can be restored to his previous military rank by an official who has the right to assign this military rank, at the request of the citizen, in the presence of a positive review from the internal affairs body of the Russian Federation and a decision of the commission of the military commissariat.

2. A citizen’s application for reinstatement in military rank is considered by the military commissar no later than one month from the date of its receipt by the military commissariat.

If there are grounds for reinstating a citizen to his previous military rank, the military commissar draws up a proposal to reinstate the citizen to his military rank.

In this case, the restoration of a citizen to a military rank can be carried out by order of an official who has the right to assign this military rank, in relation to the procedure for its assignment.

3. A citizen deprived of his military rank due to an illegal conviction is restored to his previous military rank after the decision on his rehabilitation comes into force from the day of his deprivation of his military rank.

A citizen whose military rank has been restored enjoys the rights and benefits established by federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in accordance with the restored military rank.

Military ranks

Comparison of military ranks

Each army has its own system of military ranks. Moreover, rank systems are not something frozen, established once and for all.

Some titles are abolished, others are introduced.

Those who are at all seriously interested in the art of war and science need to know not only the entire system of military ranks of a particular army, but also to know how the ranks of different armies correlate, what ranks of one army correspond to the ranks of another army. There is a lot of confusion, errors, and simply absurdities in the existing literature on these issues. Meanwhile, it is very difficult to compare ranks not only between different armies, but often also between different armed formations within the same country. If we take, for example, Germany in 1935-45, it is difficult to compare the ranks of the Ground Forces, Luftwaffe and SS troops.

But let's try to create a comparative table of the ranks of the Red Army and the Wehrmacht. Let's not pay attention to the fact that in the German army there is no rank of "private". In any case, he is a soldier. So, the Red Army is a Red Army soldier, the Wehrmacht is a soldier. But then we stumble. In the Red Army - corporal, In the Wehrmacht - oversoldat, In the Red Army - junior sergeant, in the Wehrmacht - corporal, in the Red Army sergeant, in the Wehrmacht - overfreiter, in the Red Army senior sergeant, in the Wehrmacht - staff sergeant, in the Red Army - sergeant major, in the Wehrmacht - non-commissioned officer, in Red Army junior lieutenant, in the Wehrmacht - non-commissioned officer. Stop! This will not work. How then can we compare further if both the Red Army and the Wehrmacht have the rank of lieutenant.

Yes, here the Luftwaffe throws up a problem: there is the rank of Hauptefreiter. Yes, it turns out that in the SS troops there are not three corporals, but only two (navigator and rotenführer).

If we look at the US Army, it is difficult to compare here either. For example, in the Marine Corps there is a rank below private - recruit, and between colonel and major general wedge the rank of brigadier general. And with whom in the American army can a marshal of armored forces be compared, if they have the highest rank of general of the army?

You can, of course, do as Messrs. Yegers E.V. and Tereshchenko D.G. did. in the book "SA Soldiers" publishing house "Tornado" 1997. I can’t resist and give this example of a crazy comparison of titles:

Titles of SA members	SA Sturmann
private	S.A. Obersturmann
senior soldier	S.A. Rottenfuehrer
lance corporal	SA Shariuehrer
corporal	S.A. Oberscharfuehrer
sergeant	S.A. Truppfuehrer
staff sergeant	SA Obertruppfuehrer
staff Sergeant	SA Haupttmppfuehrer
ensign	SA Sturmfuehrer
lieutenant	SA Obersturmftiehrer
Oberleutnant	SA Sturmhauptfuehrer
captain	SA Stunnbannfuehrer
major	SAObersturmbannfuehrer
lieutenant colonel	SA Standartenfuehrer
Colonel	S.A. Oberfuehrer
no match	SA Brigadefuehrer
Brigadier General	SA Gruppenfuehrer
major general	SA Obergmppenfuehre
Colonel General	SA Stabschef

chief of staff

Curious, with which army do the authors compare the ranks of SA members? Or is this a free translation into Russian of German titles? Well, then it is necessary to translate brigadenführer not as brigadier general, but as brigade leader or brigade leader, and Standartenführer as leader of the standard. I would like to propose introducing into everyday use such a concept as “rank encoding”.

As a criterion for compiling a coding of titles, I proceed from the principle that titles are not titles, but are an abstract expression of very specific positions. Simply put, each military rank corresponds to a specific command position.

First, let's look at the hierarchy of military units, units, and formations.

The smallest unit with a full-time commander is department. That's what they call it in the infantry. In other branches of the military, it corresponds to the gun crew (in artillery) and the crew (in tank forces).

Two to four branches make up platoon. Usually in all branches of the military this unit is called that way. Two to four platoons are company . Two to four (or more) mouths make up battalion. In artillery this is called division . Several battalions make up regiment. Several regiments make up division . Several divisions make up

frame
.
Several buildings make up
army
(we will not go into detail about the fact that an army can consist of divisions, bypassing corps).
Several armies make up
district
(front, army group). Thus, we get the following ladder:

Branch

- platoon
- company
.
Several buildings make up
army
- battalion
- regiment
Several armies make up
district
(front, army group). Thus, we get the following ladder:
- division

- frame

- army

Considering that in the US Army and some other armies, a squad in battle is usually divided into two groups (maneuver group and weapons group), and in many armies (including the Russian Army) there is often an intermediate unit “brigade” between a regiment and a division (the formation is larger and stronger than a regiment, but clearly smaller and weaker than a division) we will make amendments to our hierarchy. Then the ladder will look like this:

Group	- department
0	- regiment
1	Trained soldier (gunner, driver, machine gunner, etc.)
2
3	Part-commander
4	Deputy Platoon Leader
5	Foreman of company, battalion
6	Sub-officers (in the Russian Army warrant officers)
7	Platoon commander
8	Deputy company commander, separate platoon commander
9	Company commander
10	Deputy battalion commander
11	Battalion commander, deputy. regiment commander
12	Regiment commander, deputy. brigade commander, deputy
13	com. divisions
14	Brigade commander
15	Division commander, deputy corps commander
16	Corps commander, deputy com. army
17	Army Commander, Deputy com. districts (army groups)
18	Commander of a district (front, army group)

Commander-in-Chief, Commander of the Armed Forces, honorary titles

Having such a coding, it is enough to pick up the staffing lists of units and subunits of the desired army and enter the codes by position.

Then all ranks will be automatically distributed according to codes. Each position corresponds to certain titles.
You can add letters to digital codes if necessary. For example, let's take code 2. In the Russian army it will correspond to the rank of corporal.
And in the Wehrmacht, since there are several corporal ranks, you can encode it like this:

2a - corporal,

2b-oberefreytor,

2v-stafffreiter.	- department
Private	Of course, not everyone has access to the staffing lists of units, units and formations, especially foreign ones. For clarity, we provide an approximate table of correspondence between positions and ranks of the Russian Army:
Corporal	Correspondence of positions and ranks in the Russian Army
Rank	All newly drafted into the army, all lower positions (gunner, driver, gun crew number, driver mechanic, sapper, reconnaissance officer, radio operator, etc.)
Staff Sergeant	Deputy Platoon Leader
Sergeant Major	There are no full-time corporal positions. The rank is assigned to highly qualified soldiers in lower positions.
Junior Sergeant, Sergeant	Squad, tank, gun commander
Ensign	Company Sergeant Major
Ensign, senior ensign	Material support platoon commander, company sergeant major, warehouse chief, radio station chief and other non-commissioned positions that require high qualifications. Can occupy lower officer positions if there is a shortage of officers
Captain	Platoon commander. Usually this rank is awarded in conditions of acute shortage of officers after completing accelerated officer courses
Major	Lieutenant, senior lieutenant
Lieutenant colonel	Platoon commander, deputy company commander.
Colonel	Regiment commander, deputy brigade commander, brigade commander, deputy division commander
Major General	Division commander, deputy corps commander
Lieutenant General	Corps commander, deputy army commander
Colonel General	Army Commander, Deputy District (Front) Commander
Army General	District (front) commander, Deputy Minister of Defense, Minister of Defense, Chief of the General Staff, other senior positions
Marshal of the Russian Federation	Honorary title given for special merits

Please note that this is an approximate correspondence of positions and titles. It should be borne in mind that a soldier holding this position cannot receive a rank higher than the corresponding one. But it can be lower. Thus, a division commander cannot receive the rank of lieutenant general, but a division commander can be a colonel. Usually a colonel is appointed to the position of division commander, and when they are convinced that he can cope with the position, they are awarded the rank of major general. It should also be borne in mind that under certain conditions (small number of units, insignificance of tasks performed) for a particular position the corresponding rank may be set higher or lower than usual.

For example, for the position of a company commander, the rank of captain is established, but if the company is a training company, then the company commander may be a major; the position of the division commander is that of a general, but if the division is reduced in strength, then his position will be that of a colonel.

Strict correspondence between rank and position is established only in the US Army. There, simultaneously with appointment to a position, a corresponding title is temporarily assigned. For example, a sergeant in a combat situation was appointed company commander and is immediately given the temporary rank of captain, and when he is returned to his previous position, he again becomes a sergeant.

In a similar way, you can set the encoding of naval ranks:

Group	- department
0	Naval rank coding system (according to Kramnik)
1	Untrained sailor
2	Sailor specialist. (motor operator, helmsman-signalman, radio technician, etc.)
3	Part-commander
4	Group commander, assistant squad leader
5	Deputy platoon commander (combat post), boatswain on a ship of 4th rank
6	Foreman of a combat unit (company) on a ship of rank 2-1, boatswain on a ship of rank 3-2
7	Commander of a combat post (platoon) (in wartime), chief boatswain on a ship of rank 2-1
8	Combat post (platoon) commander
9	Commander of a combat unit (company) on a ship of rank 2 or higher, commander of a ship of rank 4, senior assistant commander of a ship of rank 3
10	Commander of a 3rd rank ship, senior assistant commander of a 2nd rank ship
11	Commander of a ship of 2nd rank, senior assistant commander of a ship of 1st rank, commander of a detachment of ships of 4th rank
12	Commander of a ship of 1st rank, commander of a detachment of ships of 3rd rank, deputy commander of a brigade of ships of 2-1st rank
13	Brigade commander of ships of rank 2-1, deputy squadron (division) commander
14	Squadron (division) commander, deputy commander of a flotilla, operational squadron (army)
15	Commander of a flotilla, operational squadron (army), deputy commander of a fleet
16	Fleet Commander, Chief of the Main Staff of the Navy, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Navy
17	Commander-in-Chief of the Navy