Natives of Mordovia. Hero of Russia from Mordovia Alexander Yanklovich: “We fought not for the Caucasus, but for our children

H Adaikin Vasily Ivanovich - deputy squad commander of the 1st reserve outpost of the 134th border regiment of the NKVD troops for rear protection of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, junior sergeant.

Born on October 3, 1924 in the village of Kargashino, Zubovo-Polyansky district of Mordovia, into a peasant family. Mordvin (moksha). Member of the CPSU(b)/CPSU since 1945. He graduated from eighth grade of high school.

In August 1942 he was drafted into the Red Army. In the battles of the Great Patriotic War from May 1943.

On February 12, 1945, deputy squad commander of the 1st reserve outpost of the 134th border regiment, junior sergeant V.I. Chadaykin, during the battle to destroy an enemy group that had broken through from encirclement in the area of ​​the city of Buda, blocked a house in which about a hundred fascist soldiers were holed up, destroyed 53 Nazis with light machine gun fire and forced the rest to surrender.

U of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 15, 1946 for the exemplary performance of combat missions of the command and the courage and heroism shown to the junior sergeant Vasily Ivanovich Chadaykin awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 8286).

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, he continued to serve in the Border Troops of the NKVD of the USSR. In 1952 he graduated from the Kharkov Border School. Served as deputy chief and chief of a border outpost. Captain (1958). Since 1962, Captain V.I. Chadaykin is in reserve.

Lived in the hero city of Novorossiysk. Worked in the trolleybus department. Died on September 15, 1988. He was buried in the city cemetery on Mount Kabakhakha in the city of Novorossiysk.

Awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, the Red Star, Glory, 3rd degree, and medals.

From Vasily Kukin's essay "A Boy from Mordovia"

I can't let you go! - holding back the harsh notes in his voice, the regimental military commissar said firmly, looking into the thin, weather-beaten face of the junior sergeant. - If we release everyone who wants to, who will train reinforcements for the front? Do you see how many reports I have? - The battalion commissar took a plump stack of notebook sheets from the table and shook them in the air. - Everyone wants to go to the front!

Junior Sergeant Chadaykin looked at the pile of reports without interest.

I don’t demand to send everyone, I ask only for myself. What does it cost to let one person go?

The military commissar spread his arms, his large, tired eyes sparkling with a smile.

Well, Chadaykin, you give it! So everyone asks only for themselves.

But, understand, I want to go to the front! I should be there!

So you were already at the front, fighting with the Nazis. - The junior sergeant pointed with his eyes at the red ribbon on the military commissar’s chest. - And I’ve been hanging around in the rear for almost six months now. I'm ashamed to write letters home...

Stop, stop! “We’ve arrived,” the battalion commissar interrupted him. - It turns out that everyone who is not on the front line “hangs around” in the rear and should be ashamed? - The military commissar leaned back in his chair and stared at Chadaykin. “It’s a shame that they work tirelessly day and night for the front, giving all their strength to ensure victory over the enemy?!”

I don’t mean that, but how long can you sit in the rear? - Chadaykin clarified his thought.

As much as you need! - the commissar firmly cut off.

If you don’t let me go in an amicable way, I’ll run away myself,” Chadaykin muttered angrily, puffing himself up. The thin, thin neck in the spacious collar tensed, the always open, good-natured face with the soft, trusting gaze of smiling eyes suddenly became hard, disobedient.

If it weren’t for Chadaykin, the battalion commissar would have given him a strong thrashing for such impudent words and commanded “March all around!”, but he had a soft spot for this blond boy from Mordovia. A diligent, capable junior commander, but with a difficult disposition. The military commissar understood that his difficult fate had left its mark on the character of this boy. Left without parents at an early age, Chadaikin drank too much bitterness during his short life, experienced both hunger and cold, and did not know parental affection. But the harsh school of life taught the guy to endure difficulties. And in the army, this baggy peasant guy, who at first uncertainly held a rifle and did not know how to open a rifle cell, turned into a competent, assertive fighter. He was sent to the school for junior commanders. And they were not mistaken. Military affairs came easily to him. The Maxim machine gun, considered difficult for many, was like a toy in his hands. Chadaykin could, with his eyes closed, disassemble and assemble his cunning and complex lock or other mechanism.

The military commissar loved this irrepressible guy like a father.

One day Vasily was unexpectedly called to the military commissar. “Another scolding for the report,” he thought, approaching the office.

The battalion commissar invited the junior sergeant to sit closer, asked how the training of recruits was going, and, smiling, changed the topic of conversation.

We are forming a team for the Southwestern Front. Do you want to go to the 134th Border Regiment?

Chadaikin was thrown out of his chair as if by a spring. Stretching to attention at the command, he muttered loudly:

That's right, Comrade Battalion Commissar!

We consulted with the commander and decided, as the best junior commander, to send you to the border regiment.

The 134th Border Regiment was formed at the Rovenki station in the Voronezh region. The arriving team was met at the station by a border guard officer. It was a spring-like, warm April morning. The clear blue of the sky, the transparent weightless air, the slanting rays of the sun melting like warm bronze on the roofs of the houses filled the quiet streets with serene calm. And only the boxes of destroyed houses, charred chimneys, mournfully looking into the sky, reminded of the battles that had recently died down here.

Chadaykin, walking in the ranks, looked with pain in his soul at the destruction left by the Nazis on our land. Hatred for the enemy burned in my chest, bitterness stood in my throat, demanding revenge.

The regiment commander carefully examined the newcomers.

Our main task, he said then, is to protect the rear of the active army from spies and saboteurs, to eliminate fascist groups that have not been killed or have broken through to the rear, and to clear the liberated territory of enemy agents.

Can't you go straight to the front? - asked Chadaykin.

“At least have lunch first,” the commander said to the general laughter.

No, Chadaikin clearly did not like operating in the rear of the front. Of course, finishing off the fascists who broke through to the rear and catching their agents is an important matter, but he couldn’t wait to get to the front line.

Soon the regiment began to select soldiers for sniper courses. Vasily heard that they were going to the front for an internship, and immediately wrote a report asking to enroll him in these courses.

The sniper school, as these courses were called in the regiment, selected mainly professional border guards who had been at the front. By the nature of their service, they were excellent marksmen, they knew how to observe the terrain and camouflage themselves, so they quickly mastered the skill of snipers. Among others, preference was given to Siberians from the taiga, seasoned, hardy natural shooters. Chadaykin did not belong to either the first or second group. When selecting candidates, the head of the course, an elderly captain who had served on the border for many years, agreed to take Chadaikin, not without hesitation.

The fiery wave of war rolled inexorably to the west. The border regiment moved behind the 3rd Ukrainian Front, clearing the liberated territory of fascist agents and undead scattered groups of Nazis. The cities and villages of Donbass, Kharkov region, Dnepropetrovsk region, Odessa, and Moldavian SSR were left behind. During campaigns, during combat operations, in any situation, sniper courses did not stop for a single day. The program was intense. We studied ballistics, learned to choose the right position on the ground, and skillfully camouflage ourselves. But most of all we did shooting. They shot mainly at the “head” - a target with the image of a fascist’s head with a “bull’s-eye” on the bridge of the nose. We started with a distance of 100 meters. Those who put all the bullets into the “ten” moved to 200 meters, then to 300. Those who did not fire bullets from the “ten” at this distance were sent to combat training at the front.

Often, next to Chadaikin at the firing line, the school’s political instructor, Lieutenant Prikhodchenko, a career border guard, lay with a stopwatch in his hand. He was known in the regiment as an excellent shooter and now generously passed on his experience to the young.

The long-awaited day came - Vasily and a group of snipers went to the front.

Bending down, Chadaykin with a sniper rifle, wearing a camouflage suit at dawn, hastily made his way along the trench to his ambush. The first combat mission is to detect and remove an enemy machine gunner. A soldier with binoculars, his partner, hurried after him. Having chosen a convenient position, Chadaikin equipped it, carefully camouflaged it, as taught in the courses; when it dawned, he began to observe the enemy’s defenses. Finally his dream has come true, he is on the front line face to face with the enemy and can open his account of revenge.

Hours passed, and the enemy machine gun was silent and did not show itself in any way. But, apparently, a helmet flashed somewhere above our trench, and a short burst thundered from that side. Chadaykin noticed the place where the burst came from, but could not detect it by the position of the machine gun. Hours of waiting dragged on again, and the German remained silent. So it was possible to sit until dark without any results and leave with nothing. “What if I provoke the Kraut?” - Vasily thought. To the side above the trench, his partner carefully raised his helmet, and immediately a burst of fire erupted from the German side. Chadaykin accurately spotted the position of the fascist machine gunner.

“Now crawl to the side and show me again,” Vasily ordered.

The German machine gunner could not resist this time and fired a long burst. Chadaykin caught it in the crosshairs, pulled the trigger, and the machine gun choked. The shot seemed unusually loud to Chadaykin. Maybe because he had been waiting for it for a very long time, this shot that killed the first enemy.

In the evening, in a cramped, dimly lit dugout where snipers had gathered after a day's hunt, Chadaykin sat on a box of cartridges and sang ditties:

Hans wrote a letter home,
Didn't finish the line
Our sniper with his own hand
I put an end to it.

A weak tongue of flame, fluttering in the cartridge case, barely illuminated the bronze, weather-beaten faces of his friends; there was twilight in the corners of the dugout, but it seemed to Vasily that everything around him was glowing and the bright sun was blazing above him.

A fascist sniper was active in one area for several days. As soon as someone carelessly leaned out on our side, a shot rang out. From the way the sniper caught targets in different places, it was felt that an observer was pointing them out to him.

Chadaykin received the task of tracking down the German sniper and settling accounts with him. Vasily scouted out the area in the evening, set up the main and reserve positions at night, and moved there while it was still dark. In the enemy defense area where the sniper was operating, there were several trees with dense crowns. He carefully examined the area near the trees, then searched every bush and hillock on the right and left, but did not find anything suspicious.

“We’ll have to wait for the shot until it reveals itself,” he decided. An hour passed, then another. And then a shot rang out from the farthest tree. But even the most careful inspection of this area failed to locate the sniper’s position. My partner, who was watching through binoculars, did not notice anything either. Chadaikin peered into every bush and mound. He studied a snag with twisted roots, lying slightly behind the tree, so that with his eyes closed he could draw all its broken tentacles. But then a gust of wind pushed the branches on the tree apart, and at the top of it Chadaykin saw a fascist with binoculars.

- "Cuckoo"! - his partner shouted to him. - Take it off before it disappears.

The target was in full view, and it didn’t cost anything to remove it. But Chadaykin did not shoot. There was an observer in the tree, he quickly realized, but the sniper was somewhere below. “Patience and patience again,” Vasily recalled Prikhodchenko’s words. Another hour passed. The fascist’s nerves gave way, and Chadaikin accurately spotted his position. He skillfully disguised himself behind a snag. After the shot, the German began to reload his rifle and raised his head slightly. It was then that Chadaykin nailed him. And then he easily removed the “cuckoo” from the tree.

Chadaykin had to hunt for another enemy sniper for two days. Disguised in the attic of the house, he literally did not allow our fighters to raise their heads. Chadaykin spent the whole day searching for his position, was frozen to the bone, but could not find it. Evening came, and we had to return to Vasily with nothing. The next day, the Nazis did not open fire for a long time. I tried to provoke him into shooting the dummy. But he didn’t shoot. A lot of time has passed. Vasily’s arms and legs were numb from the cold, his eyes were tired from intense observation. Evening came and it began to get dark. It was necessary to leave, but Chadaykin, as if chained, lay motionless and continued to observe. And he waited. When dusk fell, the Nazi, obviously confident that no one was watching him, got up to go down from the attic. It was then that Chadaykin took him at gunpoint.

During this internship, junior sergeant Chadaykin killed ten fascists and was awarded the Order of Glory, III degree.

In February 1945, troops of the 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian Fronts finished off an enemy group surrounded in Budapest. Our intelligence established that the Germans were preparing a breakthrough. The command brought additional forces to the area of ​​the expected breakthrough, including units of two border regiments. The border guards created a strong barrier behind the defense line so that if individual groups of fascists broke through from the encirclement, they could be eliminated.

Chadaykin chose a convenient position for his light machine gun. Through the gap in the wall, a small square and adjacent streets littered with bricks, tiles, torn iron, and broken glass were clearly visible. Even before dark, the junior sergeant carefully examined the area, outlined landmarks, determined the distance to them, and prepared for battle.

At midnight, a hot firefight suddenly broke out in front of the border guards’ position: machine guns were firing, machine gun fire was scattering in small shots, grenade explosions were heard here and there. It was clear: the military guard had entered into battle with the Germans. But where are they from? On the line of defense of the army units it was relatively quiet, but here, in the rear, the battle raged. Soon the picture became clearer. The border guard who came running with a report from the combat guard hurriedly reported to the battalion commander, Captain Zhukov:

The Germans are climbing out of sewer hatches. We threw grenades at some of the hatches, but they came from others...

The captain ordered to prepare for battle. All night machine guns rumbled and the crackling of machine guns did not stop. The Nazis' desperate attempts to break through the border guards' barrier ran into an insurmountable fire curtain. Chadaykin mowed down the Nazis without a break, barely had time to change the disks.

In the morning, at dawn, the junior sergeant noticed a column of people emerging from one building. In the foggy haze it was impossible to determine whether they were Germans or ours. As the column approached, Chadaykin clearly saw that they were fascists.

Germans! - he shouted, crouching next to the machine gun and firing a long burst at the enemy.

Fire on the fascists! - rang out a loud command from the head of the outpost, Lieutenant Shcherba.

The daggering fire of machine guns and machine guns cut off the Nazis who had rushed forward, the rest rushed about in panic, rushed in different directions, seeking shelter from the destructive fire of the border guards.

Attack, follow me! - Lieutenant Shcherba was the first to take off and, dragging the border guards with him, rushed to pursue the enemy.

Firing as they went, abandoning the wounded, the Nazis ran away in disarray. Chadaykin saw how, fleeing from the fire of a heavy machine gun, a large group of Nazis poured into one building. Vasily jumped up and rushed after them with a light machine gun. He burst into the house like a whirlwind and slashed at the ceiling with a long burst. Screams and screams were heard.

Drop your weapons! Hands up! - the junior sergeant commanded menacingly.

The Germans were stunned by the sudden appearance and decisive actions of the Soviet machine gunner. Some threw down their weapons, others rushed to the opposite door, some tried to jump out of the windows, but they were overtaken by well-aimed machine-gun fire.

At the height of the battle, Chadaikin ran out of ammunition. Driven into a corner, the disarmed Nazis apparently noticed this and went after the border guard. The junior sergeant could have jumped out of the house, just a few steps to the door. But it is not Chadaikin’s rules to retreat at the decisive moment. Grabbing the machine gun by the barrel, he began to hammer the enemies with the butt. And then, snatching a grenade, Chadaykin shouted:

Hyundai hoh!

Having lined up twenty-seven prisoners in a column, Vasily led them to headquarters. On the way, he was met by the battalion political officer, Captain Loginov.

Chadaykin, are you wounded?

In the midst of the battle, an enemy bullet cut the skin on his forehead, blood streamed down his face, but the courageous warrior did not notice this and continued the battle.

The captain ordered the approaching border guards to escort the prisoners, and Chadaikin to follow to the medical unit.

What kind of medical unit is there,” Chadaykin waved his hand, “when that house over there is full of fascists.”

The captain did not have time to look back when the junior sergeant disappeared. Without hesitation, he rushed to the second house. He burst into the building like a whirlwind and, pointing a machine gun at the enemies, shouted imperiously, loudly:

Drop your weapons!

Under the menacingly aimed muzzle of a machine gun, the Nazis with their hands raised went out into the street. The Germans did not know that the Russian sergeant did not have a single cartridge in his machine gun.

Chadaykin led a large group of prisoners to the headquarters. At this time, the second group of prisoners was delivered by the head of the outpost, Lieutenant Prikhodchenko. He and his fighters captured the entire headquarters of the commander of the Budapest group.

In the battles for Budapest, junior sergeant Vasily Chadaykin captured 162 enemy soldiers and officers. The homeland celebrated his feat with the highest award - the Order of Lenin and the Golden Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union.

HEROES OF THE SOVIET UNION - NATIVES OF ZUBOVO-POLYANSKY DISTRICT

Dmitry Petrovich Volkov born into the family of a forester in Anaev. After graduating from the Anaevskaya school in 1937, the 17-year-old Dmitriy enters Ulyanovsk Pedagogical Institute. And a year later, through a special Komsomol recruitment, he volunteers for Red Army. In 1940 he graduated Chelyabinsk Aviation School. Navigator D. P. Volkov during the war, he bombed enemy targets, flew to the partisans, helped units of our troops that were surrounded, and carried out other command assignments. September 18, 1943, Guard Captain Dmitry Volkov was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for the successful completion of combat missions.

The hero continued his service in military aviation after completing Great Patriotic War. He graduated from two military academies and constantly mastered new technology. D.P. Volkov was not only a brave pilot, but also a skillful mentor, commander-educator of a new generation of defenders of our airspace Fatherland.Completed his service with the rank of major general.

From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, a native Mordovian Pimbur Alexey Kuz-mich Gangaev fought bravely against the invaders South And Stepnoy fronts as part of Black Sea Group of Forces. Distinguished himself when forcing Dnieper near the city Kaneva. On September 25, 1943, with a group of soldiers, he went on reconnaissance to the right bank of the river, heavily fortified by the Nazis. Group under continuous fire Gan-gaeva reached the given point and immediately entered the battle. Having destroyed a mortar battery and a machine gun nest with fire and grenades, our soldiers occupied and held the captured bridgehead. When the battalion commander was wounded, Alexey Ganga-ev took command. For feat during the crossing Dnieper guard senior lieutenant A. K. Gangaev October 25, 1943 was

Awarded a high rank Hero of the Soviet Union. Subsequently, the hero's military path passed through Kyiv, Zhytomyr and other cities Ukraine. Bruiser of the fascists Alexey Gangaev and in Germany.

Maxim Mikhailovich Konyashkin born and grew up in New Vyselki in 1924. An 18-year-old boy was drafted into the army, fought in Severo-Western, Bryansk, Stepnoy And 2nd Ukrainian fronts. Military skill and courage of a junior sergeant Maxim Konyashkina clearly manifested themselves in the battles in February 1944 in the area Novgorodka, stations Zvenigorodka and villages Yurkovka. From his gun the gunner Konyashkin knocked out 3 heavy tiger tanks, 7 medium tanks, set fire to 4 transporters, disabled more than 200 enemy soldiers and officers. He was wounded, but did not leave the battle.

September 1944 to junior sergeant M. M. Konyashkina was awarded the title Hero Soviet Union. After the war he worked as a bridge foreman Yeletskaya distance of the Vorkuta branch of the Northern Railway (Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic), then lived on Ukraine in Zaporozhye.

Before the war, a native Atyashevsky district Ivan Grigorievich Paramonov worked as an accountant in Zubovaya Polyana in the district branch of the state bank. When over Homeland danger looms I.G. Paramonov volunteered for Red Army. He graduated from the accelerated course of the infantry school and immediately went to the front, to the regiment defending Stalingrad. In battles on Volga, on Kursk Bulge, in the battles for liberation Orla And Belgorod, Putivlya And Not-zhina the young lieutenant showed the soldiers examples of courage and bravery. By September 1943, the regiment reached Dnieper. Group for crossing the river in the area near the village Oku-

Nkova headed by our fellow countryman Ivan Paramonov. Overcoming the wide Dnieper, our fighters burst into the fascist trenches. Within 42 hours the group of Lieutenant Paramonova repelled 12 German attacks and held an important bridgehead on the right bank Dnieper.

For this feat Ivan Grigorievich was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

He didn’t have time to find out about it himself. Developing an offensive to the west Dnieper, regiment Paramonova fought to the west. In one of the battles on the territory Ukraine the hero died the death of the brave. Feat Ivan Paramonov not forgotten on Homeland. One of the streets in the city is named after him. Zubovaya Polyana. There is a memorial plaque installed on the house where he lived in peacetime before the war. Athletes of the district annually compete in a football championship for a prize named after a country hero (see essay "Let the Paramonov family continue")

Dmitry Vasilievich Tyurkin born in a forest village Krutets, in the family of a forester. Studied at Zubovo-Polyansky Pedagogical School. After completing his first year, in 1938, the 18-year-old Dmitry Tyurkin voluntarily goes to serve in the army, becomes a cadet 2nd Saratov Tank School, which ends in 1940. War military technician of the second rank Dmitriy Tyur-kin met in Lithuania, defended Moscow in 1941, fought on many fronts, defeated the fascists on Kursk Bulge, freed Kharkiv, Poltava, Kremenchuk. Distinguished himself during the forcing Dnieper October 2, 1943. The Germans tried to throw our petrol into the cold waters of the river.

Hotu, but the tanks of the battalion D. V. Tyurkina came to the aid of the soldiers in time. The Nazis were repulsed, and the bridgehead was held and strengthened.

In 18 days of fighting, tankers Tyurkina repelled many attacks, knocked out 80 tanks, destroyed two dozen guns, suppressed 45 machine-gun emplacements, and disabled about 800 enemy soldiers and officers.

For successful crossing Dnieper, for the courage shown to the senior lieutenant D. V. Tyurkin was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

In 1944 Dmitry Vasilievich was sent to study at Military Academy of Armored Forces, from which he graduated in 1947. He commanded a tank regiment and division. Having graduated in 1957, he also Military A Academy named after M. V. Frunze, Colonel D. V. Tyurkin commanded a motorized rifle division, worked as the head of the military department of the institute.

Village native Kargashino Vasily Ivanovich Chadaykin was drafted into the army in 1942. Received baptism of God in the battle for the station Liski, then participated in the battles for liberation Dnepropetrovsk, Chisinau, Tiraspol. Day by day the young fighter grew stronger and more mature. In one of the battles during the liberation Buda-Pest Lance Sergeant V. I. Chadaykin burst into a house at a street intersection, where a large group of Germans were holed up, and began shooting enemies with a light machine gun. And when the cartridges ran out, the fighter rushed at the Nazis hand-to-hand, hitting them with the butt of his machine gun and weaponsenemy. Frightened by the onslaught of the brave Soviet warrior, the Germans surrendered. In this fight Basil

Ivanovich Chadaykin one destroyed 53 and captured 27 fascists.

Our fellow countryman also distinguished himself in other battles during the defeat Budapest group enemy. For the destruction and capture of 162 German soldiers, officers and generals to junior sergeant V. I. Chadaikin On May 15, 1945 he was awarded the military rank Hero of the Soviet Union.

After the war Vasily Chadaykin He served as an officer in the border troops.

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

1 slide

Slide description:

2 slide

Slide description:

During the Great Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945. The Mordovian people, together with other peoples of the Soviet Union, stood up to defend their homeland. Military units were formed in the republic, covering themselves with glory in the battles for Moscow, Stalingrad and other cities. Natives of Mordovia during the Second World War

3 slide

Slide description:

Participation of the population of Mordovia during the Second World War Almost 100 thousand residents of Mordovia erected the Sursky defensive line, the remains of which can still be seen on the banks of this large Mordovian river. 14 hospitals and 17 industrial enterprises were evacuated to the republic. One of these plants became the basis for the subsequent creation of JSC Elektrovypryamitel.

4 slide

Slide description:

The collective farms of Mordovia supplied the front and areas liberated from fascist occupation with food. Almost 80 thousand people lived in the republic, evacuated from the western regions of the country.

5 slide

Slide description:

During the Great Patriotic War, natives of Mordovia could be found both in the besieged Brest Fortress, and in Berlin and in liberated Prague. About 100 thousand people were awarded orders and medals of the Soviet Union. More than 100 people (including 61 Mordovians) were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Natives of Mordovia are heroes of the Soviet Union

6 slide

Slide description:

Heroes are not born... Sergei Fedorovich Akhromeev Marshal of the Soviet Union Sergei Fedorovich Akhromeev was born on May 5, 1923 in Mordovia. USSR officer, Hero of the Soviet Union (1982), Marshal of the Soviet Union (1983). Graduated from the Military Academy of Armored Forces. Member of the CPSU since 1943. During the Great Patriotic War, he was a junior officer and was awarded for his participation in the defense of Leningrad during the siege. Since 1974 - deputy chief, since 1979 - first deputy; in 1984-1988 - Chief of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces, First Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR. Winner of the Lenin Prize in 1980.

7 slide

Slide description:

Viktor Nikolaevich Bobkov is the youngest Hero of the Soviet Union among the natives of Mordovia who were awarded this title during the Second World War. He died at the age of 18. Viktor Nikolaevich was born in 1926 in Saransk. Here he spent his childhood and youth. In August 1943, Victor volunteered for the front. Heroes are not born... Liberating Belarus, our troops were not able to immediately cross the Neman. When the unit in which Viktor Bobkov was located approached the Neman, our fellow countryman volunteered to cross the river in the first ranks of the Soviet troops (as the soldier’s friends say, at the front he had a favorite saying: “Either your chest is in the bushes, or your head is in the bushes”). On a makeshift raft, under hurricane fire, seven scouts, among whom was Victor, floated across the river and then secured a foothold on the western bank. During the day, the scouts repelled enemy counterattacks and firmly held the line. Viktor Bobkov was assigned to deliver an urgent report to the regiment commander. Again, under enemy fire, he swam across the river and delivered a report. During the crossing of the Neman, Victor was seriously wounded. For three months, doctors fought for his life, but they could not defeat death. For his courage and determination, the young intelligence officer was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In Saransk on May 5, 2012, a monument to him was unveiled on the Walk of Glory. Viktor Nikolaevich Bobkov

8 slide

Slide description:

Devyataev Mikhail Petrovich - legendary Soviet pilot. He entered the history of the Great Patriotic War by performing an unprecedented feat: hijacking a V-1 carrier aircraft from a secret German airfield. The terrible days of testing, lived in concentration camps, are described by Mikhail Petrovich in the book “Escape from Hell”. She is a parting message to the younger generation: remember and never allow something like this to happen again. Heroes are not born... Mikhail Petrovich was born on July 8, 1917 in the Mordovian village of Torbeevo into a peasant family. Mordvin. He was the thirteenth child in the family. Participant of the Great Patriotic War since June 22, 1941. Already on the second day, he took part in an air battle in his I-16. At the entrance to the village of Torbeevo, a real monument was erected - a MiG-17 aircraft - in honor of the heroic escape of M.P. Devyatayev from fascist captivity. Devyataev Mikhail Petrovich

Slide 9

Slide description:

Born on October 19, 1918 in the village of Troitsk, now the Kovylkinsky district of the Republic of Mordovia, in the family of an employee. Since 1938 in the Red Army. In 1940 he graduated from the military aviation school for pilots. Since June 1941 on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. Until August 1941 he fought as part of the 87th IAP; to April 1942 - in the 42nd IAP; to August 1943 - in the 434th IAP (32nd Guards IAP). Participated in the defense of Bryansk, Orel and Kursk, in the battle of Stalingrad. Heroes are not born... Kotov Alexander Grigorievich Hero of the Soviet Union By mid-January 1943, the deputy squadron commander of the 32nd Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment (210th Fighter Aviation Division, 3rd Air Army, Kalinin Front) of the Guard, Senior Lieutenant A.G. Kotov committed 250 sorties, in 88 air battles he shot down 16 enemy aircraft. On February 22, 1943, for courage and military valor shown in battles with enemies, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

10 slide

Slide description:

Ivan Vasilyevich Boldin (August 15 (3), 1892, Vysokaya village, now Insarsky district of the Republic of Mordovia - March 28, 1965, Kyiv) - Soviet military leader, army commander of the Great Patriotic War, Colonel General (1944). Heroes are not born... Ivan Vasilyevich Boldin Colonel General In the first months of the Second World War, Boldin, commanding an operational group of troops cut off from the main forces of the Western Front, led it out of encirclement. From October 1941 - commander of the 19th Army, from November 1941 - the 50th Army, which defended Tula, participated in the counter-offensive near Moscow, in the Battle of Kursk, the liberation of Belarus, and the East Prussian offensive operation. Since Apr. 1945 - deputy Commander of the 3rd Ukrainian Front.

11 slide

Slide description:

The Monument of Eternal Glory was erected in memory of the Mordovian soldiers who fell during the Great Patriotic War. The composition of the monument to fallen soldiers symbolizes Mother Mordovia blessing her warrior son for the feat. The mother is dressed in national clothes, with a festive Mordovian headdress on her head. A woman hands a sword to a kneeling soldier. Nearby there is an 18-meter granite pylon with the inscription: “Eternal glory to the soldiers who died for the freedom and independence of the Soviet Motherland in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.” You took your own life to save a life. Your feat will forever be in the hearts of a grateful people.” The Eternal Flame burns in front of the monument. In 1985, pink granite steles with the names of Saransk natives who died in battles for their homeland were installed near the monument. Monument of Eternal Glory

12 slide

Slide description:

The heroes of the Great Patriotic War gave us the future. And without knowledge of the past, there will never be a future. Eternal memory to the heroes of the Great Patriotic War! As long as Russia lives, the names of the people whose military labor made our Motherland a great power will forever be in the people's memory! Everlasting memory!

The “Book of Memory and Glory”, released by the search engines of Mordovia, tells about the unknown pages of the history of the Great Patriotic War: it includes the names of 118 natives of the republic who were nominated for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, but for various reasons did not receive it.

Nikolai Kruchinkin: “The book is the result of two years of work by search engines and museum workers.” Photo: Nikolay Gagarin/RG

The book, with a circulation of 550 copies, was published using grant funds.

The topic, which we tentatively called “heroes are not heroes,” was born by chance. Working with archives, I had to see documents stating that a fighter was nominated for the Hero’s Star, but then the highest award was replaced with another order. Sometimes the reason for this was “dark spots” in the biography: someone was in captivity, someone had repressed or dispossessed family members. We thought that this was unfair: there is a feat, there is a hero - not an invented Rambo, but a real, genuine one - there is, but there is no reward, - Nikolai, director of the Republican Memorial Museum of Military and Labor Feat, permanent leader of the patriotic association "Poisk", told RG Kruchinkin.

A striking example of this is the fate of mortarman Ivan Pavlovich Glazkov, a native of the village of Panzha, Kovylkinsky district. In 1943, a crew of 18 people occupied a height near the village of Subor, Kaluga Region. The Nazis launched a counterattack - more than 500 Nazis were thrown to the heights. When the mortarmen ran out of ammunition, they fought hand-to-hand. The division newspaper soon wrote about the death of the crew: it was reported that the brave soldiers who died the death of brave men were posthumously nominated for the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. But in the end they were awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

Among them was Ivan Glazkov: his wife soon received a funeral. But he survived - the Germans captured him shell-shocked. Glazkov managed to escape and continued to fight until victory. He came home in 1946, worked on a collective farm, and rests in the cemetery in his native village. Although he was buried during his lifetime, in the places of those battles I saw three mass graves on which his name was engraved, recalls Nikolai Kruchinkin.

The veteran did not tell anyone about what he had experienced. According to his daughter, remembering those years, he only pitied the boys who died very young: “We, who are under 30, were already experienced, but with eighteen-year-old boys it’s a problem: either they’ll climb into a neutral field to pick up strawberries, or pick a flower.” ... Once the boys started playing in the trench, began to fight each other, stood up to their full height - the sniper killed both of them...”

There are 118 such stories in the book, and this is the result of the researchers’ work in just two years.

Number

During the Great Patriotic War, 108 natives of Mordovia received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.