Vera Voloshina details of death and burial place. Vera Voloshina: the unknown feat of the “girl with an oar”

Vera Voloshina and Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya were friends. They were in the same reconnaissance group. On October 21, 1941, they went on a mission together. On October 29, both were executed by the Nazis.

Vera Danilovna Voloshina (1919-1941) was born in Kemerovo, in the family of a miner and a teacher.

Vera with her parents.

From the first grades of school I was involved in sports: gymnastics and athletics. In high school, she won the city high jump championship. After completing ten classes, she moved to Moscow and entered the Moscow Institute of Physical Culture and Sports. At the same time, she studied at the Moscow flying club, where she mastered piloting I-153 “Chaika” aircraft and parachute jumping. She was interested in shooting, drawing and poetry.

Vera Voloshina is second from left in the top row.

1934 Moscow. The famous sculptor Ivan Shadr receives a big order: he needs to quickly create a series of sculptures for the country’s central park. Sculptures reflecting new times - the era of construction, collectivization, sports achievements. For inspiration, the artist goes to the Moscow Institute of Physical Education. At the Shadr Institute of Physical Education, they are introduced to the best athletes of the university. Among them is 15-year-old Vera Voloshina. After graduating from a seven-year school in her native Kemerovo, she came to Moscow to study further. The sculptor decides to use her image. She will become the "Girl with a Paddle".

The sculpture did not stand for long. Due to excessive frankness, it was replaced with a more modest version. But the first “Girl with an Oar” remains Vera Voloshina

In 1936, Vera Voloshina wrote a statement about her desire to take part in the Spanish Civil War, but was refused.

“Tall, strong, she held herself somehow especially straight. Two heavy, almost white braids pulled her head back, and this made her look like a troublemaker to some. But this did not bother us, because we knew Vera well - how simple and responsive she is,” Valentina Savitskaya, friend of Vera Voloshina.

“In tenth grade, Vera gave me a postcard with a picture of an old woman with paralysis. And on this postcard she wrote: “How I want to live! Am I really going to die? I don’t want to. I want to live forever and the way I live now. After all, these are the best days in a person’s life...”,” - Zinaida Mikhailova, classmate of Vera Voloshina.

On June 22, 1941, on the way to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra Museum, Vera Voloshina and her friends ran into a department store. An amazing white silk dress caught the girls' eyes. We decided to buy it immediately! And the occasion was wonderful: Verochka was proposed to by her fiancé, Yuri Dvuzhilny. It was decided to have the wedding the following year, after graduation. The dress was bought together, but the plans collapsed overnight.

Yuri and Vera. The war separated them forever.

Vera volunteers to go to the front. The girl will not get into intelligence immediately. First, together with her friends, she is mobilized for the defense of Moscow, they dig trenches. But soon Voloshina is taken into a special squad.

Documentary maker Vladislav Nikolaevsky reveals the essence of the work of such units. During the war, this data was classified.

“There was the famous order 0428, signed by Stalin and the Chief of the General Staff Shaposhnikov, about burning houses behind enemy lines. The houses, excuse me, of our population. Now, of course, from the 21st century we don’t quite understand how you can set fire to your own houses, but then it was caused by such a need, because the question was: surrender Moscow, not surrender Moscow,” explains Vladislav Nikolaevsky.

To carry out this order, detachments of NKVD fighters are sent to the Moscow region. Among them are Vera Voloshina and Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. Before this, Vera managed to complete several tasks; for Zoya, such partisan sabotage becomes the first and last.
Zoya is yesterday's ninth-grader - she gets into the detachment after just a few days of training at a sabotage school. Voloshina takes charge of her, gives her advice and helps during training. The girls become friends. On October 21, 1941, they will go on a mission together.

The group, which included Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, went to the village of Petrishchevo, where the scout-saboteur was caught by the Germans while trying to set fire to a barn. According to the official version, she was “surrendered” by local residents, three of whom were subsequently shot. According to another version, Zoya was betrayed by one of the group members, Vasily Klubkov, who was recruited by the Germans. In April 1942, he was exposed as a traitor and was also shot.

The second group, which included Vera Voloshina, came under fire in the area of the villages of Yakshino and Golovkovo a week after crossing the front line. Vera was wounded; the retreating scouts did not have time to pick her up. Vera was captured by the Germans.

Both scouts, Zoya and Vera, were tortured, demanding to hand over their comrades. But if Kosmodemyanskaya was unlikely to be aware of the escape routes, then the deputy commander of the Voloshin group had such information. But neither one nor the other girl said anything to the Germans.

Vera Voloshina in the student dormitory of the Moscow Cooperative Institute

In the village of Golovkovo, where Vera was captured, there were almost no residents. The Germans herded everyone to a church several kilometers away and sent them in trains to Germany. Therefore, there are almost no witnesses to her death. How Voloshina was captured will be reconstructed bit by bit years later. “Zoya was betrayed, Vera was not. She was wounded. So they were crossing the road between Yakshino and Golovkovo, she was wounded in the shoulder. And then the Germans drove up in a car and took her. And the rest of the guys - they just managed to hide in the forest,” he claims Head of the Vera Voloshina Museum Lyubov Savenuk.

“Her last name was Alishchenko, this grandmother later told us all what she saw. She was going to the general store in the neighboring village, she saw a truck standing by the road, the Germans were standing next to it with machine guns,” recalls Maria Kubrakova, a resident of the village of Golovkovo.
“They brought her, poor thing, by car to the gallows, and there the noose was dangling in the wind. The Germans gathered around, there were many of them. And our prisoners who were working behind the bridge were driven in. The girl was lying in the car. At first she was not visible, but when the side walls were lowered, I gasped. She was lying, poor thing, in only her underwear, and even then it was torn, and there was blood all over it. Two fat Germans, with black crosses on their sleeves, climbed into the car and wanted to help her rise. But the girl pushed the Germans away and, clinging to the cabin with one hand, rose. Her second arm was apparently broken - it hung like a whip. And then she began to speak. At first she said something, apparently in German, and then it became our way.
“I,” he says, “are not afraid of death.” My comrades will avenge me. Ours will still win. You'll see!

And the girl began to sing. And do you know what song? The one that is sung every time at meetings and played on the radio in the morning and late at night.
- "International"?

Yes, this very song. And the Germans stand and listen silently. The officer who commanded the execution shouted something to the soldiers. They threw a noose around the girl's neck and jumped off the car. The officer ran up to the driver and gave the command to move away. And he’s sitting there, all white, apparently not used to hanging people yet. The officer pulled out a revolver and shouted something to the driver in his own way. Apparently he swore a lot. He seemed to wake up, and the car moved off. The girl still managed to shout, so loudly that my blood froze in my veins: “Farewell, comrades!” When I opened my eyes, I saw that she was already hanging."

Vera and Zoya were hanged on the same day - November 29, 1941. The Germans ordered local residents not to touch the bodies. They hung like that for almost a month, until the Red Army’s counteroffensive began in December 1941, and the Germans were forced to get out of Moscow.

“Our troops liberated Golovkovo in February. The residents, whom the Germans had driven to the city of Borovsk in the Kaluga region and placed there in one of the churches, began to return to their homes.

And in the spring, in one of the roadside holes, a village teenager accidentally came across the body of a girl.

The pit was sprinkled with quicklime, and all the state farm documents were in it. When the Germans retreated, they threw them there. The boy's mother sent him to collect lime for whitewashing, and he dug a little deeper...

He ran home and said that there was a man lying there. Well, the village, the news immediately spread, we gathered and went to look,” says Maria Kubrakova. “There were no documents with her, but we see that she is not ours, not a collective farmer and not a working person, and here Alishchenko’s grandmother told us this story, about how the Germans hanged a girl on a willow tree.”

"Verina Willow" is still alive.

“Vera was nameless for 16 years. But when the local residents returned, they realized that she was a partisan. Of course, they didn’t know her name, but they buried her with honors. And they began to simply call her: our partisan,” says the director of the Vera Museum Voloshina Lyubov Savenuk.

Monument at the site of Vera's death.

Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was quickly identified. At the end of January 1942, the article “Tanya” appeared in the central newspaper of the country, Pravda. The journalist tells how an unknown girl died in the village of Petrishchevo, who called herself Tanya to someone. He tells how this girl was hanged, and she shouted: “German soldiers, surrender! The Soviet Union is invincible! “Stalin liked Lidov’s essay. He liked that Lidov said there that she called on the population to fight, said that “Stalin is with us,” and so on. He really liked it. Naturally, there was immediately an order to find out “Who is this and what is this,” says Vladislav Nikolaevsky.

In 1957, the executive secretary of the Plekhanov Institute of National Economy, Georgy Frolov, came across an article in Komsomolskaya Pravda, in which the journalist briefly talked about an unknown partisan who was executed in the Naro-Fominsk district of the Moscow region. Frolov became interested in this fact - there were too many coincidences with the death of the famous Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya. Death on the same day, in the same area, by an unknown partisan, clearly not local.

Frolov conducted his own investigation. I went to Golovkovo and found witnesses to the execution. Then he obtained access to the KGB archive, where he clarified the names of the members of the groups who crossed the front line with Zoya. I found photographs of the girls who were part of the groups. Frolov was only able to find a photograph of Voloshina together, when she was a member of the Moscow athletics team. But witnesses to the execution confidently identified the girl number seven as “our partisan.” Thus, thanks to the journalist, the identity of the girl who sang “The Internationale” during the execution was established. In 1966, Voloshina was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree. In 1994, she was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.

Vera's fiancé, Hero of the Soviet Union Yuri Dvuzhilny, died in 1944 during the liberation of Belarus.

He never learned about the fate of his bride. History nevertheless united them, albeit posthumously. In Kemerovo, the street named after Yuri Dvuzhilny intersects with the street named after Vera Voloshina. And two ships ply in the southern seas: one called “Yuri Dvuzhilny”, the second called “Vera Voloshina”. If they cross paths on the water, they always exchange long blasts, and the teams line up on the deck. Saluting the heroic lovers...

Vera Voloshina and Yuri Dvuzhilny (pictured on the right).

“Vera did not fall into this propaganda wave, and, accordingly, they did not know about her for a very long time,” says historian Konstantin Zalessky. Now streets, schools, trains, ships and even the planet are named after Vera Voloshina, along with the name of her friend Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya To understand what the girl was like, you can look at the sculpture for a long time, you can listen again and again to stories about the feat, or you can simply read the last letter of 22-year-old Vera Voloshina:

“My dears! You probably haven’t received letters from me for a long time, and mom is terribly worried, right? Mamush, I didn’t manage to finish college, but I will finish it after the war. I’m at the front now, mom. Just don’t worry, it’s okay no. And then, death only happens once."

Vera's mother with a portrait of her daughter.

In 2011, on Moscow City Day, the Shadrinsk version of “Girls with an Oar” appeared again in the country’s main park, the Gorky Park of Culture and Leisure. Artists again and again undertake to embody what a venerable sculptor once saw in Vera Voloshina.

Voloshina Vera Voloshina Career: Scout
Birth: Russia" Kemerovo region" Kemerovo, 11/29/1941
After the start of the Great Patriotic War, she was mobilized to dig trenches and anti-tank ditches on the approaches to Moscow. In October, she voluntarily joined the Red Army and was enlisted in military unit 9903 of the intelligence department of the Western Front headquarters to work behind enemy lines. Vera left for her first assignment on October 21, 1941, in the area of the Zavidovo station near Moscow. After that, she had six more successful deployments to the rear of the Germans.

Born in 1919 in the city of Kemerovo, in the family of a miner and a teacher. From the first grades of school I took up sports, gymnastics and athletics. In seventh grade, she won the city high jump championship. Her classmate and close friend was Yuri Dvuzhilny. Having moved to Moscow after finishing ten classes, she entered the Central Order of Lenin Institute of Physical Education on her first try. In parallel with the institute, she enrolled in the capital’s flying club, where she mastered piloting an I-153 Chaika aircraft and took up parachute jumping. In addition, she became seriously interested in shooting, drawing and poetry. In 1936 she wrote a statement about her desire to take part in the Spanish Civil War. She was denied.

In 1935, the sculptor and artist I. D. Shadr received a state order to create a series of sculptures for the Gorky Park of Culture and Leisure under construction in Moscow. In the pool of the Institute of Physical Education, he looked after student Vera Voloshina. Among the other twenty men, she ended up in the artist’s studio. The statue of a Girl with an Oar, for which Vera Voloshina was the model, was installed at the main entrance of the Central Park of Culture and Culture, surrounded by fountains. Numerous copies of the statue later appeared in parks throughout the Soviet Union. (Everything is a little more complicated. Shadr created the primary version of “Girl with an Oar” in 1934-1935, when Vera Voloshina was 15-16 years old and she could hardly be a student who had completed 10 grades. In addition, the fundamental version was followed by criticism the second version, made from another model, was revised and replicated.)

In 1938, during a parachute jump, Vera landed unsuccessfully and seriously injured her leg and spine. She had to leave the Institute of Physical Education and transfer to the Institute of Commerce.

After the start of the Great Patriotic War, she was mobilized to dig trenches and anti-tank ditches on the approaches to Moscow. In October, she voluntarily joined the Red Army and was enlisted in military unit 9903 of the intelligence department of the Western Front headquarters to work behind enemy lines. Vera left for her first assignment on October 21, 1941, in the area of the Zavidovo station near Moscow. After that, she had six more successful deployments to the rear of the Germans.

On November 21, 1941, a reconnaissance group, where Vera was a Komsomol organizer, crossed the front line to carry out a mission in the area of the village of Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk region. When returning from the German rear in the western Moscow region, between the villages of Yakshino and Golovkovo, at night, while crossing the road, a group of saboteurs came under fire. Vera was seriously wounded; they could not take her, as German soldiers quickly arrived at the scene of the shelling. In the morning, two of her group tried to find Vera or her ashes, but could not. For a long time, Vera was listed as missing. Only in 1957, thanks to the many years of research work of the writer and journalist G.N. Frolova managed to find out how Vera died and dig her grave.

Local residents reported that Vera was hanged by the Germans on November 29, 1941. Vera stood on a German car with a noose around her neck and sang the Internationale. When the car started moving, the young lady shouted: Farewell, comrades! After the enemy retreated in mid-December, the inhabitants of Golovkov removed Vera’s body from a roadside tree and buried it with honors right there. Later, her remains were transferred to a mass grave in Kryukov.

On the same day, November 29, 1941, ten kilometers from this place, in the center of the village of Petrishchevo, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was hanged. A month earlier, a statue of a girl with an oar in Gorky Park was destroyed by a German bomb.

Now in Kryukov there is a house-museum of Vera Voloshina, where documents, photographs and other exhibits telling about her life and heroic deed are stored. There is a monument at the mass grave in front of the museum building.

On January 27, 1966, the newspaper Pravda published an essay by Gennady Frolov, The Order of the Daughter. In September, when the ceremonial events dedicated to the Moscow battle began, the Secretary of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces M.P. Georgadze presented V.D. Voloshina’s mother with the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, in the Kremlin.

In 1994, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Vera Voloshina was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.

Memory

Monument to the heroine in the village of Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk district, Moscow region.

A street in Mytishchi is named after her.

Museum named after Vera Voloshina in the village of Kryukovo.

The name of the heroine was given to the ship of the Azov Shipping Company.

The minor planet 2009 Voloshina is named after the heroine.

The name of Vera Voloshina was given to one of the huge electric trains of the Moscow Circular Railway.

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Vera Danilovna Voloshina(September 30, Shcheglovsk village, Verkho-Tomsk volost, Kuznetsk district, Tomsk province, Russia - November 29, Golovkovo village, Naro-Fominsk district, Moscow region, USSR) - Soviet intelligence officer, Hero of the Russian Federation ().

Biography

In the summer of 1941, Vera passed her third-year exams and went to Zagorsk, near Moscow, for practical training. On June 22, she and her classmates decided to visit the Trinity-Sergius Lavra Museum. On the way, the girls stopped at a department store and bought Vera a white silk dress. The following year she was getting ready to get married: her friend Yuri Dvuzhilny proposed to her. On the same day, student Voloshina learned that the war had begun.

War

They brought her, poor thing, by car to the gallows, and there the noose dangled in the wind. The Germans gathered around, there were many of them. And our prisoners who were working behind the bridge were driven in. The girl was lying in the car. At first I couldn’t see it, but when the side walls were lowered, I gasped. She is lying, poor thing, in only her underwear, and even then it is torn and covered in blood. Two fat Germans with black crosses on their sleeves climbed into the car and wanted to help her up. But the girl pushed the Germans away and, clutching the cabin with one hand, stood up. Her second arm was apparently broken - it hung like a whip. And then she started talking. At first she said something, apparently in German, and then she began to speak in our language.

“I,” he says, “are not afraid of death.” My comrades will avenge me. Ours will still win. You'll see!

And the girl began to sing. And do you know what song? The one that is sung every time at meetings and played on the radio in the morning and late at night.

Only after the enemy retreated in mid-December, the residents of Golovkovo removed Vera’s body from a roadside willow and buried it here with honors. Later, her remains were transferred to a mass grave in Kryukov.

On the same day that the Germans executed Vera, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was hanged ten kilometers from Golovkovo, in the center of the village of Petrishchevo. Vera’s favorite person, Hero of the Soviet Union Yuri Dvuzhilny, who died in battle during the Mogilev operation, also did not survive the war.

Awards

Hero of the Russian Federation (May 6, 1994)
On January 27, the newspaper Pravda published an essay by Georgy Nikolaevich Frolov, “The Order of the Daughter.” In September, when the ceremonial events dedicated to the Moscow battle began, the Secretary of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces M.P. Georgadze presented V.D. Voloshina’s mother with the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, in the Kremlin.

Museums

Part of the exposition of the Naro-Fominsk Museum of History and Local Lore (Naro-Fominsk, Moscow Region).
Club "Memory" (formerly the museum of Vera Voloshina) (village of Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk district)
Museum named after Vera Voloshina and Yuri Dvuzhilny (city of Kemerovo, school No. 12)

Memory

Monument to Vera Voloshina in the village of Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk district, Moscow region.

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The name of V. D. Voloshina is carved on the slab of the memorial complex “To the Siberian Warriors”.

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Notes

Literature

G. N. Frolov.- M.: Military Publishing House, 1976.

An excerpt characterizing Voloshin, Vera Danilovna

“Hello, uncle,” Nikolai said when the old man drove up to him.
“It’s a real march!... I knew it,” said the uncle (he was a distant relative, a poor neighbor of the Rostovs), “I knew that you couldn’t stand it, and it’s good that you’re going.” Pure march! (This was my uncle’s favorite saying.) - Take the order now, otherwise my Girchik reported that the Ilagins are standing in Korniki with pleasure; You have them - pure march! - they will take the brood under your nose.
- That's where I'm going. What, to bring down the flocks? - Nikolai asked, - get out...
The hounds were united into one pack, and uncle and Nikolai rode side by side. Natasha, wrapped in scarves, from under which a lively face with sparkling eyes could be seen, galloped up to them, accompanied by Petya and Mikhaila, the hunter who was not far behind her, and the guard who was assigned as her nanny. Petya laughed at something and beat and pulled his horse. Natasha deftly and confidently sat on her black Arab and with a faithful hand, without effort, reined him in.
Uncle looked disapprovingly at Petya and Natasha. He did not like to combine self-indulgence with the serious business of hunting.
- Hello, uncle, we're on our way! – Petya shouted.
“Hello, hello, but don’t run over the dogs,” the uncle said sternly.
- Nikolenka, what a lovely dog, Trunila! “he recognized me,” Natasha said about her favorite hound dog.
“Trunila, first of all, is not a dog, but a survivor,” thought Nikolai and looked sternly at his sister, trying to make her feel the distance that should have separated them at that moment. Natasha understood this.
“Don’t think, uncle, that we will interfere with anyone,” said Natasha. We will remain in our place and not move.
“And a good thing, countess,” said the uncle. “Just don’t fall off your horse,” he added: “otherwise it’s pure marching!” – there’s nothing to hold on to.
The island of the Otradnensky order was visible about a hundred yards away, and those arriving were approaching it. Rostov, having finally decided with his uncle where to throw the hounds from and showing Natasha a place where she could stand and where nothing could run, set off for a race over the ravine.
“Well, nephew, you’re becoming like a seasoned man,” said the uncle: don’t bother ironing (etching).
“As necessary,” answered Rostov. - Karai, fuit! - he shouted, responding with this call to his uncle’s words. Karai was an old and ugly, brown-haired male, famous for the fact that he single-handedly took on a seasoned wolf. Everyone took their places.
The old count, knowing his son’s hunting ardor, hurried not to be late, and before those who arrived had time to drive up to the place, Ilya Andreich, cheerful, rosy, with trembling cheeks, rode up on his little black ones along the greenery to the hole left for him and, straightening his fur coat and putting on his hunting clothes, shells, climbed onto his smooth, well-fed, quiet and kind, gray-haired Bethlyanka like him. The horses and droshky were sent away. Count Ilya Andreich, although not a hunter by heart, but who firmly knew the hunting laws, rode into the edge of the bushes from which he was standing, took apart the reins, adjusted himself in the saddle and, feeling ready, looked back smiling.
Next to him stood his valet, an ancient but overweight rider, Semyon Chekmar. Chekmar kept in his pack three dashing, but also fat, like the owner and the horse - wolfhounds. Two dogs, smart, old, lay down without packs. About a hundred paces further away in the edge of the forest stood another of the Count's stirrups, Mitka, a desperate rider and passionate hunter. The Count, according to his old habit, drank a silver glass of hunting casserole before the hunt, had a snack and washed it down with a half-bottle of his favorite Bordeaux.
Ilya Andreich was a little flushed from the wine and the ride; his eyes, covered with moisture, shone especially, and he, wrapped in a fur coat, sitting on the saddle, had the appearance of a child who was going for a walk. Thin, with drawn-in cheeks, Chekmar, having settled down with his affairs, glanced at the master with whom he lived for 30 years in perfect harmony, and, understanding his pleasant mood, waited for a pleasant conversation. Another third person approached cautiously (apparently he had already learned) from behind the forest and stopped behind the count. The face was that of an old man with a gray beard, wearing a woman's hood and a high cap. It was the jester Nastasya Ivanovna.
“Well, Nastasya Ivanovna,” the count said in a whisper, winking at him, “just trample the beast, Danilo will give you the task.”
“I myself... have a mustache,” said Nastasya Ivanovna.
- Shhh! – the count hissed and turned to Semyon.
– Have you seen Natalya Ilyinichna? – he asked Semyon. - Where is she?
“He and Pyotr Ilyich got up in the weeds from the Zharovs,” answered Semyon, smiling. - They are also ladies, but they have a great desire.
- Are you surprised, Semyon, how she drives... huh? - said the count, if only the man was in time!
- How not to be surprised? Boldly, deftly.
-Where is Nikolasha? Is it above the Lyadovsky top? – the count kept asking in a whisper.
- That's right, sir. They already know where to stand. They know how to drive so subtly that sometimes Danila and I are amazed,” said Semyon, knowing how to please the master.
- It drives well, huh? And what about the horse, huh?
- Paint a picture! Just the other day, a fox was snatched from the Zavarzinsky weeds. They began to jump over, out of delight, passion - the horse is a thousand rubles, but the rider has no price. Look for such a fine fellow!
“Search...,” the count repeated, apparently regretting that Semyon’s speech ended so soon. - Search? - he said, turning away the flaps of his fur coat and taking out a snuff box.
“The other day, as Mikhail Sidorich came out from mass in full regalia...” Semyon did not finish, hearing the rut clearly heard in the quiet air with the howling of no more than two or three hounds. He bowed his head, listened and silently threatened the master. “They’ve attacked the brood...” he whispered, and they led him straight to Lyadovskaya.
The count, having forgotten to wipe the smile from his face, looked ahead along the lintel into the distance and, without sniffing, held the snuffbox in his hand. Following the barking of the dogs, a voice was heard from the wolf, sent into Danila’s bass horn; the pack joined the first three dogs and the voices of the hounds could be heard roaring loudly, with that special howl that served as a sign of the rutting of the wolf. Those arriving no longer squawked, but hooted, and from behind all the voices came Danila’s voice, sometimes bassy, sometimes piercingly thin. Danila’s voice seemed to fill the entire forest, came out from behind the forest and sounded far into the field.
After listening in silence for a few seconds, the count and his stirrup became convinced that the hounds had split into two flocks: one large one, roaring especially hotly, began to move away, the other part of the flock rushed along the forest past the count, and in the presence of this flock Danila’s hooting could be heard. Both of these ruts merged, shimmered, but both moved away. Semyon sighed and bent down to straighten the bundle in which the young male was entangled; The count also sighed and, noticing the snuff-box in his hand, opened it and took out a pinch. "Back!" Semyon shouted at the dog, who stepped out beyond the edge. The Count shuddered and dropped his snuffbox. Nastasya Ivanovna got down and began to lift her.
The Count and Semyon looked at him. Suddenly, as often happens, the sound of the rut instantly came closer, as if, right there in front of them, there were the barking mouths of dogs and the hooting of Danila.
The count looked around and to the right he saw Mitka, who was looking at the count with rolling eyes and, raising his hat, pointed him forward, to the other side.
- Take care! - he shouted in such a voice that it was clear that this word had been painfully asking him to come out for a long time. And he galloped, releasing the dogs, towards the count.
The Count and Semyon jumped out of the edge of the forest and to their left they saw a wolf, which, softly waddling, quietly jumped up to their left to the very edge at which they were standing. The evil dogs squealed and, breaking away from the pack, rushed towards the wolf past the legs of the horses.
The wolf stopped running, awkwardly, like a sick toad, turned his big forehead to the dogs, and also softly waddling, jumped once, twice and, shaking a log (tail), disappeared into the edge of the forest. At that same moment, from the opposite edge of the forest, with a roar similar to crying, one, another, a third hound jumped out in confusion, and the whole pack rushed across the field, through the very place where the wolf had crawled (ran) through. Following the hounds, the hazel bushes parted and Danila’s brown horse, blackened with sweat, appeared. On her long back, in a lump, lolling forward, sat Danila, without a hat, with gray, tousled hair over a red, sweaty face.
“Whoop, whoop!” he shouted. When he saw the count, lightning flashed in his eyes.
“F...” he shouted, threatening the count with his raised arapnik.
-About...the wolf!...hunters! - And as if not deigning to deign the embarrassed, frightened count with further conversation, he, with all the anger he had prepared for the count, hit the sunken wet sides of the brown gelding and rushed after the hounds. The Count, as if punished, stood looking around and trying with a smile to make Semyon regret his situation. But Semyon was no longer there: he, taking a detour through the bushes, jumped the wolf from the abatis. Greyhounds also jumped over the beast from both sides. But the wolf walked through the bushes and not a single hunter intercepted him.

Nikolai Rostov, meanwhile, stood in his place, waiting for the beast. By the approach and distance of the rut, by the sounds of the voices of dogs known to him, by the approach, distance and elevation of the voices of those arriving, he felt what was happening on the island. He knew that there were arrived (young) and seasoned (old) wolves on the island; he knew that the hounds had split into two packs, that they were poisoning somewhere, and that something untoward had happened. Every second he waited for the beast to come to his side. He made thousands of different assumptions about how and from which side the animal would run and how it would poison it. Hope gave way to despair. Several times he turned to God with a prayer that the wolf would come out to him; he prayed with that passionate and conscientious feeling with which people pray in moments of great excitement, depending on an insignificant reason. “Well, what does it cost you,” he said to God, “to do this for me! I know that You are great, and that it is a sin to ask You for this; but for the sake of God, make sure that the seasoned one comes out on me, and that Karai, in front of the “uncle” who is watching from there, slams into his throat with a death grip.” A thousand times during these half-hours, with a persistent, tense and restless gaze, Rostov looked around the edge of the forest with two sparse oak trees over an aspen underhang, and the ravine with a worn edge, and the uncle’s hat, barely visible from behind a bush to the right.
“No, this happiness will not happen,” thought Rostov, but what would it cost? Will not be! I always have misfortune, both in cards and in war, in everything.” Austerlitz and Dolokhov flashed brightly, but quickly changing, in his imagination. “Only once in my life would I hunt down a seasoned wolf, I don’t want to do it again!” he thought, straining his hearing and vision, looking to the left and again to the right and listening to the slightest shades of the sounds of the rut. He looked again to the right and saw something running towards him across the deserted field. “No, this can’t be!” thought Rostov, sighing heavily, like a man sighs when he accomplishes something that has been long awaited by him. The greatest happiness happened - and so simply, without noise, without glitter, without commemoration. Rostov could not believe his eyes and this doubt lasted more than a second. The wolf ran forward and jumped heavily over the pothole that was on his road. It was an old beast, with a gray back and a full, reddish belly. He ran slowly, apparently convinced that no one could see him. Without breathing, Rostov looked back at the dogs. They lay and stood, not seeing the wolf and not understanding anything. Old Karai, turning his head and baring his yellow teeth, angrily looking for a flea, clicked them on his hind thighs.

Born in 1919 in the city of Kemerovo, in the family of a miner and a teacher. From the first grades of school I took up sports, gymnastics and athletics. In seventh grade, she won the city high jump championship. Her classmate and close friend was Yuri Dvuzhilny. Having moved to Moscow after finishing ten classes, she entered the Central Order of Lenin Institute of Physical Education on her first try. In parallel with the institute, she enrolled in the Moscow flying club, where she mastered piloting the I-153 “Chaika” aircraft and took up parachute jumping. In addition, she became seriously interested in shooting, drawing and poetry. In 1936 she wrote a statement about her desire to take part in the Spanish Civil War. She was denied.

In 1935, the sculptor and artist I. D. Shadr received a state order to create a series of sculptures for the Gorky Park of Culture and Leisure under construction in Moscow. In the pool of the Institute of Physical Education, he looked after student Vera Voloshina. Among the other twenty people, she ended up in the artist’s studio. The statue “Girl with an Oar”, for which Vera Voloshina was the model, was installed at the main entrance of the Central Park of Culture and Culture, surrounded by fountains. Numerous copies of the statue subsequently appeared in parks throughout the Soviet Union. (Everything is somewhat more complicated. Shadr created the first version of “Girl with an Oar” in 1934-1935, when Vera Voloshina was 15-16 years old and she could hardly be a student who had completed 10 grades. In addition, the first version was revised after criticism and the second version, made from another model, was replicated.)

In 1938, during a parachute jump, Vera landed unsuccessfully and seriously injured her leg and spine. She had to leave the Institute of Physical Education and transfer to the Institute of Commerce.

After the start of the Great Patriotic War, she was mobilized to dig trenches and anti-tank ditches on the approaches to Moscow. In October, she voluntarily joined the Red Army and was enlisted in military unit No. 9903 of the intelligence department of the headquarters of the Western Front to work behind enemy lines. Vera left for her first assignment on October 21, 1941, in the area of the Zavidovo station near Moscow. After that, she had six more successful deployments to the rear of the Germans.

On November 21, 1941, a reconnaissance group, where Vera was a Komsomol organizer, crossed the front line to carry out a mission in the area of the village of Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk region. When returning from the German rear in the western Moscow region, between the villages of Yakshino and Golovkovo, at night, while crossing the road, a group of saboteurs came under fire. Vera was seriously wounded; they could not take her away, since German soldiers very quickly arrived at the scene of the shelling. In the morning, two of her group tried to find Vera or her corpse, but could not. For a long time, Vera was listed as missing. Only in 1957, thanks to the many years of research work of the writer and journalist G.N. Frolova managed to find out how Vera died and find her grave.

Local residents reported that Vera was hanged by the Germans on November 29, 1941. Vera stood on a German car with a noose around her neck and sang “The Internationale”. When the car started moving, the girl shouted: “Farewell, comrades!” After the enemy retreated in mid-December, the residents of Golovkov removed Vera’s body from a roadside tree and buried it here with honors. Later, her remains were transferred to a mass grave in Kryukov.

Now in Kryukov there is a house-museum of Vera Voloshina, where documents, photographs and other exhibits telling about her life and feat are stored. There is a monument at the mass grave in front of the museum building.

On January 27, 1966, the newspaper Pravda published an essay by Gennady Frolov, “The Order of the Daughter.” In September, when the ceremonial events dedicated to the Moscow battle began, the Secretary of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces M.P. Georgadze presented V.D. Voloshina’s mother with the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, in the Kremlin.

In 1994, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Vera Voloshina was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.

Memory

Monument to the heroine in the village of Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk district, Moscow region.

A street in Mytishchi is named after her.

Museum named after Vera Voloshina in the village of Kryukovo.

The name of the heroine was given to the ship of the Azov Shipping Company.

The minor planet 2009 Voloshina is named after the heroine.

The name of Vera Voloshina was given to one of the electric trains of the Great Moscow Circular Railway

1936 Gorky Park. An 11-meter sculpture “Girl with an Oar” was installed on the pedestal, which became a symbol of Soviet women of that time. The sculptor is the famous Ivan Shadr. The “Girl with an Oar” stood at the main entrance, surrounded by fountains. In 1941, a German air bomb blew the sculpture to pieces. Few people know that Ivan Shadr sculpted the sculpture from a 17-year-old girl. Height 175. Chest 84, waist 58. Hips 93. Bob haircut. The eyes are gray. Voroshilovsky shooter, aspiring pilot, parachutist, athlete, artist and amateur poet. The girl's name was Vera Voloshina. In 1938, during a parachute jump, Vera landed unsuccessfully and seriously injured her leg and spine. I had to undergo treatment for a long time. The Institute of Physical Education, where I studied, had to leave and transfer to the Institute of Trade. Everything seemed to be getting better little by little... But - on June 22, at exactly four o'clock, Kyiv, Minsk, Zhitomir, Vitebsk, Orsha were bombed... And so the war came. On June 23, Vera and her friend came to the Molotov military registration and enlistment office in Moscow. They were refused. They offered to fight on the labor front for now. Until the fall, they dug trenches and anti-tank ditches on the approaches to Moscow. They donated blood, and wrote and wrote applications to the front. Vera was nevertheless enrolled in the sabotage and reconnaissance detachment. The first time Vera went behind the front line was on October 21, 1941. She's back. After that, I went on missions six more times. She didn’t return from the eighth mission.

Vera Voloshina was born on September 30, 1919 in Kemerovo (90 years old in 2009). After graduating from school, she came to Moscow and entered the Institute of Soviet Cooperative Trade. As a student, Vera became a cadet at the flying club named after V.P. Chkalov, learned to jump with a parachute, drive a motorcycle, and shoot with a rifle and pistol. The war came when Vera Voloshina graduated from her third year at the institute...

The girl voluntarily asked to go to the front and was enrolled in the reconnaissance detachment of military unit 9903 at the headquarters of the Western Front. In November 1941, the reconnaissance group, which included Vera, crossed the front line. In the area of the village of Kryukovo, Naro-Fominsk district, Vera Voloshina and her comrades were carrying out another task. The partisans mined the roads near the village and threw grenades at the windows of the houses where the Nazis were located. On the way back they were ambushed. Vera, who was covering the detachment's retreat, was seriously wounded and captured. She had the strength to endure the interrogations and torture of the Germans.
Local residents reported that Vera was hanged by the Germans on November 29, 1941 at the Golovkovo state farm. This is how a witness to the execution described the death of the scout:

“They brought her, poor thing, by car to the gallows, and there the noose was dangling in the wind. The Germans gathered around, there were many of them. And our prisoners who were working behind the bridge were driven in. The girl was lying in the car. At first I couldn’t see it, but when the side walls were lowered, I gasped. She is lying, poor thing, in only her underwear, and even then it is torn and covered in blood. Two fat Germans with black crosses on their sleeves climbed into the car and wanted to help her up. But the girl pushed the Germans away and, clutching the cabin with one hand, stood up. Her second arm was apparently broken - it hung like a whip. And then she started talking. At first she said something, apparently in German, and then she began to speak in our language.
“I,” he says, “are not afraid of death.” My comrades will avenge me. Ours will still win. You'll see!
And the girl began to sing. And do you know what song? The one that is sung every time at meetings and played on the radio in the morning and late at night.
- “International”?
- Yes, this very song. And the Germans stand and listen silently. The officer who commanded the execution shouted something to the soldiers. They threw a noose around the girl's neck and jumped off the car. The officer ran up to the driver and gave the command to move away. And he’s sitting there, all white, apparently not used to hanging people yet. The officer pulled out a revolver and shouted something to the driver in his own way. Apparently he swore a lot. He seemed to wake up, and the car moved off. The girl still managed to shout, so loudly that my blood froze in my veins: “Farewell, comrades!” When I opened my eyes, I saw that she was already hanging

On the same day that the Germans executed Vera, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was hanged ten kilometers from Golovkovo, in the center of the village of Petrishchevo.

For 16 years, Vera was listed as missing. It was possible to learn about the death and feat of the courageous partisan only in 1957, thanks to the research of the young journalist Georgy Frolov, who later wrote the documentary story “Our Faith.”

Now in the village of Kryukovo there is a house-museum of Vera Voloshina, where documents telling about her life and feat, photographs and other exhibits are stored. In front of the museum building, a monument was erected at the mass grave where the remains of the heroine were transferred.

In 1994, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, Vera Voloshina was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation.

Once upon a time, in the 80s, on the initiative of the first secretary of the Naro-Fominsk Komsomol State Committee Alexander Morozov, ski races in memory of Vera Voloshina were held annually in the Kryukovo area. But gradually this tradition was forgotten.

Today, the Student Creativity House in Naro-Fominsk bears the name of Vera Voloshina.

Claudia Sukacheva. “VERA VOLOSHYNA. We remember her as beautiful, eager to get to the forefront."

September 30 is the birthday of Hero of Russia Vera Voloshina. This year we celebrated her 90th birthday, and with a special feeling - in Moscow and Kemerovo. She was born in Kemerovo, studied at high school, was an active pioneer and Komsomol member, and died during the defense of Moscow.

IN THE AUTUMN of 1941, a commission worked in the Komsomol Central Committee to select Komsomol volunteers who were eager to go to the front. On October 10, Vera Voloshina also passed through this commission. After the war, I learned that on that day about 500 Komsomol members passed through the commission and only 40 of them were selected for the special purpose military unit 9903 of the intelligence department of the headquarters of the Western Front.

In the office where the commission worked, sat a major in a border guard uniform. He looked very carefully at everyone entering the office. Listening to the boy or girl’s answers to the questions of the commission members, he entered into a conversation with the following questions: “And if you have to act behind enemy lines, won’t you be afraid? You may be injured, but there is no doctor nearby - what should you do? You can be captured, but the Nazis treat prisoners cruelly - will you survive? What military specialties do you have?

If the answers satisfied Major Sprogis, he said to the chairman of the commission, Secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee Nikolai Mikhailov: “I’ll take it.” That’s what he said to Vera Voloshina.

Gathering at the Colosseum cinema on September 15 at 13:00. No one should have known that they were enlisted in a military unit that would operate behind enemy lines. So, on September 15, 1941, Vera Voloshina arrived at the gathering place for forty Komsomol volunteers. They were transported by two trucks to the unit’s base, which was located in the village of Zhavoronki near Moscow.

THE NEXT day we started classes early in the morning. We learned to shoot accurately from a rifle and pistol, throw grenades, mine roads, disrupt telegraph and telephone communications, navigate the terrain, silently shoot sentries and much more that a reconnaissance saboteur should know and be able to do. But the study was short. Fascist troops are on the outskirts of Moscow! Soon, reconnaissance and sabotage groups began to be recruited for deployment behind enemy lines.
Vera Voloshina went on her first mission on October 24, 1941 as part of the group of Grigory Pavlovich Sokolov. The group operated in the Moscow and Kalinin regions.

And after a short rest, on November 21, Vera went on her second mission, but as part of another group - Pavel Provorov. Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was also in it. Provorov’s group crossed the front line together with Krainov’s group. When we crossed the front line, we came to the conclusion that the groups should be united. With general approval, Krainov became the group commander, and Provorov became his deputy. And now, not a group, but a small detachment under the command of Boris Krainov began to carry out a combat mission.

It was possible to establish that the headquarters of one of the regiments of the fascist division was located in the village of Yakishino. Krainov decided to mine the roads leading from the village and throw grenades at the huts occupied by the Nazis. That's what they did. The panic began. Half-naked fascists ran out of houses, loaded into cars and hurried to leave the village. The Kraynovites began to retreat to the forest, but soon a German machine gun started firing, and as a result the detachment was fragmented.

Ten people remained with Krainov, six of them were sick, and the commander gave the order to Natasha Obukhovskaya to transfer them across the front line and deliver them to the base of the military unit. Thus, only two remained with Krainov - Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya and Klubkov. Seven of those who broke away from Krainov’s detachment as a result of its fragmentation met in the forest and formed a battle group, the commander of which was Vera Voloshina. Under her leadership, the group committed several acts of sabotage. But the ammunition and food ran out, and the group began to return to the base of the military unit. Vera was on patrol; a group was moving at a certain distance from her. When Vera came out of the forest onto the road, machine gun fire began. Then she quieted down. Natasha Samoilovich went to investigate the road. Behind her is a group. Vera was not on the road; blood and marks from the motorcycle wheels were visible...

VERA Voloshina was considered missing for fifteen years, and only thanks to the persistent search of journalist-pathfinder Georgy Frolov, the truth was established. The seriously wounded Vera was captured by the Nazis. They severely beat her during interrogations. But the girl was silent, and then the Nazis, in furious anger, hanged her on the edge of the village of Golovkovo, on a roadside willow. This happened on November 29, 1941 - on the same day, very nearby, in the village of Petrishchevo, Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was hanged.

The memory of you, of your heroic deed, Vera and Zoya, will live for centuries!

Klavdiya Vasilievna SUKACHYOVA. Veteran of special military unit 9903, disabled person of the Great Patriotic War.

***
In 1934, Shadr created the sculpture “Girl with an Oar” for the Gorky Central Park of Culture and Culture in Moscow. It is believed that the prototype of the girl with a paddle was Vera Voloshina, a student at the Moscow Institute of Physical Education. The sculpture depicted a full-length naked girl with an oar in her right hand. The shape of the girl’s head was clearly outlined, her hair was pulled very tightly and curled into two “horns,” her forehead and back of her head were completely open. The height of the figure together with the bronze pedestal was about 12 meters. It was installed in the center of the fountain on the main thoroughfare of Gorky Park in 1935. However, Muscovites did not like the sculpture and in the same year it was transported to the Lugansk Culture and Leisure Park. Its reduced copy is kept in the Tretyakov Gallery. At the end of the 1950s, on the initiative of the sculptor’s wife, I. Shadr’s plaster work was transferred to bronze.
By the summer of 1936, I. D. Shadr created a new enlarged eight-meter sculpture made of tinted concrete. The model for her was the gymnast Zoya Bedrinskaya (Belorucheva). The sculptor changed her hairstyle, it became more free-spirited and less sexy, he removed the male muscles of the arms, and the girl’s figure itself became thinner and more romantic. In an article about the 1937 exhibition, one of the reviewers noted: “The new version of Shadr’s “Girl with an Oar” shown is undoubtedly more successful than the previous one, although Shadr has not overcome the moments of well-known posing and coldness in the interpretation of form.”
The new “Girl with an Oar” was installed in the center of the fountain on the main alley of the Gorky Park. The sculpture was destroyed in 1941 during a bombing.

Vera Voloshina details of death and burial place. Vera Voloshina: the unknown feat of the “girl with an oar”

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