Stages of obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation. Citizenship procedure


It is no secret that the ultimate goal of staying in Russia for many foreigners is obtaining citizenship. Undoubtedly, each immigrant is interested in the features and procedure for its acquisition. The main way to acquire Russian citizenship is long-term residence in the Russian Federation on the basis of a residence permit. How to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation, having a residence permit? What are the requirements for applicants?

How many years after obtaining a residence permit can citizenship be issued

First, let's talk about one of the most important conditions for becoming a citizen. We are talking about how to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation after a residence permit. Consider the category of foreign citizens who do not have preferential terms his acquisitions.

A residence permit is essentially a document granting permanent residence in Russia, which is valid for 5 years. Foreigners can become citizens of the Russian Federation 5 years after the issuance of a residence permit. In this case, the period of residence in the country must be continuous. That is, a foreign citizen should not leave the borders Russian Federation for a period not exceeding 180 days within one calendar year.

Requirements for the applicant for citizenship of the Russian Federation, if there is a residence permit

All requirements and regulations for the procedure for becoming a citizen are reflected in two legislative acts Russia, namely:

  • In Federal Law No. 62 "On Citizenship of the Russian Federation".
  • In Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1325.

So, how to get citizenship of the Russian Federation, having a residence permit? The main condition has already been mentioned above. However, applicants are also Additional requirements, which are listed in article 13 of the Federal Law-62:

  1. A foreign citizen must be over 18 years of age and be capable.
  2. Compliance with the legislative acts of the Russian Federation, including the Russian Constitution.
  3. Availability of a legal regular source Money for life.
  4. Receipt official paper on renunciation of previous citizenship foreign country.
  5. Ownership official language Russia (Russian) and documentary evidence of this fact.

It is important to note that it is possible to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation without prior renunciation of existing citizenship. This is only possible if Russian government and the government of a foreign state entered into an international agreement on legal status persons with dual citizenship. IN this moment such agreements exist with Turkmenistan and Tajikistan.

Required documents

To enter into Russian citizenship, citizens of foreign countries must prepare the following package of documents:

  • Completed and signed in accordance with the form approved by Order No. 1325 (2 copies).

  • Valid residence permit.
  • Proof of a source of livelihood.
  • Paper on the renunciation of previously existing citizenship.
  • Passport.
  • 3 photographs measuring 3.5 and 4.5 cm in width and length, respectively.
  • Check for payment of the state fee for the consideration of the case (3.5 thousand rubles).
  • A certificate or other document indicating knowledge of the Russian language at the required level.

It is important to note that in migration service original documents must be provided. If there is a need to make copies of them, this is done by the employees of the service.

The application form and a sample of its completion can be found on the official portal of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for Migration. It must be completed in Russian by hand in legible handwriting or on a computer.

Russian citizenship for children under the age of 14 is issued with the written consent of the parents. If the child is over 14 years of age, the consent of the minor is required. However, it is in free form. The signature of the child must be certified by a notary public or in the presence of an employee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs when submitting an application.

Papers that were issued abroad must be translated into Russian. The correctness of the translation, as well as the authenticity of the translator's signature, is also certified by a notary.

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Simplified acquisition of citizenship in a shortened time: who is available

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, it is also possible for foreign citizens to acquire Russian citizenship in a shorter period of time. Now let's take a closer look at these conditions.

The period of required stay in Russia can be reduced:

  1. For persons who have been granted political asylum in the Russian Federation.
  2. For refugees.
  3. For persons who have particularly outstanding achievements in various cultural, scientific and technical fields.
  4. For persons with a profession or qualification that is of interest to Russia.

It is important to note that a person with outstanding achievements can be granted citizenship without taking into account the length of stay. The same rule applies to foreigners who have passed military service under a contract in the Russian Armed Forces.

Article 14 of the law on Russian citizenship establishes a simplified scheme for becoming a Russian citizen. What are the requirements for applicants?

The following persons do not need to comply with the condition of continuous residence for 5 years in Russia:

  1. Whose mother or father lives in Russia and has local citizenship.
  2. Those who do not have the citizenship of any country and who had Soviet citizenship in the past live in a country that was formerly a Soviet republic.

In addition, the following are exempt from the 5-year residency requirement:


  • Born within the RSFSR and previously had Soviet citizenship,
  • Husbands and wives of citizens of the Russian Federation who have been in an official union with them for at least 3 years,
  • Disabled foreigners who have at least one capable and adult child with Russian citizenship,
  • Parents of minors with Russian citizenship,
  • Parents of children-citizens of the Russian Federation, recognized as incompetent,
  • Graduates of state-accredited universities educational institutions Russia, who graduated after 07/01/2002 and worked in the Russian Federation on the acquired specialization for at least 3 years,
  • Businessmen, as well as individuals engaged in individual entrepreneurship, who have been operating for at least 3 years and have paid taxes and fees in the total amount of at least one million rubles,
  • Investors who are the founders of one of the enterprises operating in the territory of the Russian Federation and have a share in the authorized capital of at least 10 million rubles, paying taxes and fees in accordance with Russian legislation (in this case, the total authorized capital of the organization must be at least 100 million rubles),
  • Foreigners working in the Russian Federation in a specialty that is included in the list of professions in demand (the list is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation),
  • Persons who previously had Soviet citizenship and came from one of the former Soviet republics, who have registration at the place of residence of the Russian Federation as of 07/01/2002 (they also do not need to confirm the availability of means of subsistence and knowledge of the Russian language),
  • Veterans of the Great patriotic war 1941-1945, who previously had USSR passports,

In addition, holders of a residence permit with citizenship of a foreign state or stateless persons have the right to obtain citizenship under a simplified scheme if they have received the status of native speakers of the Russian language in accordance with the procedure established by law. To do this, they must additionally comply with several conditions:

  1. Compliance with the Constitution of Russia and other legislative acts,
  2. Availability of legally earned means for living,
  3. Receipt official refusal from previous citizenship from diplomatic representation foreign state.

The same rule applies to members. State project to promote the resettlement of foreign compatriots. At the same time, members of their family who moved with them to a specific region of the Russian Federation can also obtain citizenship. IDPs do not need to prove their knowledge of the Russian language.

Without fulfilling the condition on the required period of residence, incapable foreigners and stateless persons can also become citizens of the Russian Federation if they previously lived in one of the Soviet republics and have permanent registration in the Russian Federation, received before 07/01/2002. At the same time, the legislation allows this category of immigrants not to provide a valid residence permit.

Part 6 of Article 14 states that the condition on the terms of residence is canceled for children with foreign citizenship if:

  1. Mother or father are citizens of the Russian Federation (the second parent must give official consent).
  2. The only parent is Russian.
  3. A minor is under the guardianship or guardianship of a Russian.
  4. The minor was left without parental care or placed in an orphanage.

Incapacitated persons over whom guardianship or guardianship is established Russian citizens or who are placed under supervision in a specialized institution, also, upon their application, have the right to become citizens of the Russian Federation.

Why citizenship is better than a residence permit

First of all, it is worth remembering that a residence permit is a document, the receipt of which is the final step on the way to Russian citizenship. When applying for a residence permit, renunciation of previously existing citizenship is not required, as well as when obtaining a TRP.

However, registration of citizenship after obtaining a residence permit is possible only if this official paper is available, although in certain cases it is not required. Actually, a residence permit is a document that replaces a visa and facilitates the passage of a number of migration formalities.


Citizenship of the Russian Federation has the following advantages:

  • There is no need to renew a Russian passport and confirm the place of your stay, as is the case with a residence permit,
  • Free crossing of the border of the Russian Federation,
  • Giving all the rights and obligations of citizens of the Russian Federation, including political and economic,
  • Possibility of obtaining loans in banking organizations,
  • Obtaining state guarantees and social support, in accordance with the law.

Before starting the procedure for becoming a citizen of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to weigh the pros and cons.

Foreigners who have lived in the Russian Federation with a residence permit for at least 5 years can apply for Russian citizenship. However, the law "On Citizenship" also provides for a simplified scheme for acquiring it without complying with this condition or even with its abolition. Russian citizenship has both advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, before starting the procedure, they must be weighed.

To obtain Russian citizenship in a simplified manner, foreign citizens and stateless persons belonging to the following categories can apply to the Ministry of Internal Affairs for migration issues with an appropriate application:

1. Regardless of the period and compliance with other conditions of residence in the territory of the Russian Federation after obtaining a residence permit and until the day of filing an application for obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation:

  • having at least 1 parent who lives in the territory of the Russian Federation and is a citizen of the Russian Federation;
  • who previously had citizenship of the USSR, but currently reside in the territory of one of the former republics, but for some reason did not receive its citizenship, and, accordingly, remain stateless.

2. Regardless of compliance with the 5-year period of residence in the territory of the Russian Federation from the date of obtaining a residence permit:

  • born in the territory of the RSFSR and having the citizenship of the USSR;
  • married to a citizen of the Russian Federation, if the duration of the marriage is at least 3 years;
  • having adult children - citizens of the Russian Federation, who, by a court decision, are recognized as incapable or partially capable, provided that the second parent (citizen of the Russian Federation) has died, been declared absent, missing or deprived parental rights;
  • having children - citizens of the Russian Federation, provided that the second parent (citizen of the Russian Federation) has died, is deprived of parental rights, is recognized as missing or missing;
  • disabled, but having capable children - citizens of the Russian Federation who are already 18 years old;
  • who received the appropriate education after 07/01/2002 and carried out labor activity in the Russian Federation for at least 3 years until the moment when they applied for citizenship of the Russian Federation;
  • conducting their business on the territory of the Russian Federation for a total period of at least 3 years before the day of applying for citizenship, if their profit during this period is at least 10 million rubles. by type economic activity, which are established by the Government of the Russian Federation;
  • making investments in the economy of the Russian Federation (moreover, their share must be at least 10%, and the size of the net assets of the enterprise must be at least 100 million rubles) or paid in the form of tax deductions to the treasury of the Russian Federation at least 6 million rubles;
  • within 3 years prior to the day of applying for citizenship, who carried out activities in the Russian Federation in a profession that belongs to the category of highly qualified specialties.

Accelerated acquisition of Russian citizenship for Russian speakers

A few years ago, amendments were made to the law “On Citizenship of the Russian Federation”, according to which stateless persons and foreign citizens who prove that they are native speakers of the Russian language can obtain Russian citizenship in a simplified manner. The decision to assign foreign citizens to this category will be made by a specially created commission under the territorial body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

A foreign citizen who is a native speaker of the Russian language is a person who speaks Russian and uses it in everyday speech, provided that these persons or their relatives permanently reside (or previously permanently resided) in the Russian Federation or in the territories that belonged to the USSR or the Russian empire.

The above citizens must have 4 (the highest) level of Russian language proficiency.

An application for recognition of a foreign citizen as a native speaker of the Russian language must be submitted no later than 3 months before the end of the period of residence, or no later than 15 days before the expiration of the period of stay on the territory of the Russian Federation.

If a citizen is not recognized as a native speaker of the Russian language, then he has the right to apply with repeated statement not earlier than 12 months from the date of refusal. If he was recognized as belonging to this category, then this decision is valid for 12 months.

So, let's summarize. Foreign citizens who are recognized as native speakers of the Russian language are entitled to apply for a simplified acquisition of Russian citizenship in the following cases:

  • If they undertake to comply with the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
  • If they have a legitimate source of livelihood.
  • If they renounced the citizenship of another state. There are 2 exceptions to this condition: it is not necessary to renounce citizenship of a foreign state if it is provided for by an international treaty or if the applicant cannot renounce citizenship for reasons beyond his control. In addition, there is no need to renounce the citizenship of Ukraine - it is enough to send a letter certified by a notary to the Consulate of Ukraine.

Simplified acquisition of Russian citizenship for other categories of citizens

  1. Foreign citizens recognized as disabled, registered at the place of residence in the Russian Federation before 07/01/2002, who came from countries that were previously part of the USSR. They can apply for citizenship in a simplified manner without observing the 5-year period of residence from the date of obtaining a residence permit.
  2. Veterans of the Great Patriotic War who had the citizenship of the USSR and live on the territory of the Russian Federation.
  3. Foreign citizens and members of their families who have become participants in the program to assist in the voluntary resettlement of compatriots from abroad and are registered in the territory of the Russian Federation at their place of residence.
  • children, one of whose parents is a citizen of the Russian Federation, if this parent submits the application, and the second parent does not object to the acquisition of Russian citizenship by the child (but such consent is not needed if the child lives in the Russian Federation);
  • children whose only parent is a citizen of the Russian Federation;
  • a child/incapacitated citizen in respect of which a citizen of the Russian Federation is recognized as a guardian or trustee - upon the relevant application of the guardian/trustee;
  • children placed under supervision Russian organization for orphans - at the request of the head of this organization;
  • disabled persons who are placed in a medical or other specialized organization located on the territory of the Russian Federation - at the request of the head of such an organization.

In addition, in accordance with international treaties, citizens of Kyrgyzstan, Belarus and Kazakhstan can apply for citizenship of the Russian Federation in a simplified manner.

Don't know your rights?

How to get Russian citizenship quickly

To acquire citizenship of the Russian Federation in a simplified manner, the applicant submits to the territorial body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for migration issues an identity document, as well as other papers (the specific list depends on the basis on which the foreigner applies for citizenship in a simplified manner).

These may include:

  1. A document confirming the presence in the past of citizenship of the USSR.
  2. A document confirming the existence of legal sources of livelihood.
  3. Passport close relative- a citizen of the Russian Federation, as well as a document confirming family relations.
  4. Certificate of marriage with a citizen of the Russian Federation.
  5. Education document.
  6. A document confirming knowledge of the state language (Russian).
  7. A document confirming the withdrawal from the citizenship of another state.

The applicant submits the documents to the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the official gets acquainted with them, issues the application form (2 copies) and a receipt for payment to the citizen state duty and explains the next course of action.

An official of the Ministry of Internal Affairs considers the submitted documents and makes one of the following decisions:

  • on the readiness of the package of documents for further consideration,
  • unavailability of documents.

If a decision is made on the readiness of a package of documents, a personal file is opened for the applicant and a registration card is formed.

Further, the documents are checked and within 6 months a decision is made on admission to the citizenship of the Russian Federation. But if we are talking about categories of citizens who can be admitted to the citizenship of the Russian Federation in a simplified manner in accordance with international treaties concluded with the Russian Federation, then a decision on them is made in an even shorter period - 3 months (for citizens of Kazakhstan, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan).

For reference: the general procedure for admission to citizenship provides for the consideration of all documents within 1 year.

The state duty for obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation in a simplified manner is paid by the applicant in the amount of 3,500 rubles. Persons who had the citizenship of the USSR, lived or live in the former republics of the USSR, but do not have the citizenship of these states, are exempted from paying the duty.

Simplified citizenship acquisition for citizens of the DPR, LPR, residents of Ukraine born in Crimea from May 2019

On March 29, 2019, the Law "On Citizenship of the Russian Federation" dated May 31, 2002 No. 62-FZ was amended. Art. 14 of this law was supplemented by part 8, according to which the President of the Russian Federation received the right to approve by his decrees new grounds for obtaining citizenship in a simplified manner, not provided for by Federal Law No. 62.

Such decrees were not long in coming. To date, there have already been 2 of them adopted by the President of the Russian Federation, and they concern citizens of the DPR, LPR, part of the citizens of Ukraine, citizens of some other countries, such as Syria.

The first is Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On the definition of ..." dated April 24, 2019 No. 183. It affected Ukrainian citizens permanently residing (registered) in the territory of the LPR and DPR. They received the right to apply for Russian citizenship in territorial bodies Ministry of Internal Affairs for Migration (with the list of documents specified in paragraph 2 of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 183 attached), and within 3 months become citizens of the Russian Federation.

The second is Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On Individuals ..." dated April 29, 2019 No. 187. This decree affected:

  • citizens of Ukraine who do not have any other citizenship, as well as stateless persons who were born and permanently resided in Crimea until March 18, 2014, but for any reason left there before the reunification of Crimea with Russia;
  • Ukrainian citizens who have Russian documents- Residence permit / RVP / refugee certificate / certificate of a participant in the state program for the resettlement of compatriots, live abroad, but earlier, until April 2014, they lived in the LPR and DPR. In addition, the decree affected their children, parents and spouses;
  • citizens of Ukraine and stateless persons who were illegally deported from the territory of the Crimean ASSR, their descendants, spouses;
  • citizens of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, the Republic of Iraq, the Republic of Yemen and the Syrian Arab Republic who were born in the RSFSR and lived in the USSR, as well as their children.

All of the listed categories of foreigners and stateless persons can obtain Russian citizenship within 3 months (from the moment the application and documents are submitted to the Ministry of Internal Affairs for migration). The application form is approved by the Appendix to Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 187. The list of documents is somewhat larger than that provided for by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 183, but the most important thing is that the above categories of foreigners and stateless persons have the opportunity to obtain Russian citizenship in a short time.

Trends in Citizenship Matters

It is worth noting the legislator's tendency to expand the lists of persons who can hope to receive Russian citizenship in a simplified manner.

For example, several years ago, categories such as Russian speakers and investors were added. In addition, some indulgence in the simplified procedure for obtaining citizenship was the fact that, for example, immigrants from the former USSR are given preference in obtaining citizenship without paying state duty.

Moreover, according to the concluded international treaties, for citizens of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, a shortened procedure for reviewing documents is provided - 3 months.

On the basis of decrees adopted by the President of the Russian Federation, an increasing number of foreign citizens (mainly from Ukraine) can apply for Russian citizenship in a simplified manner.

Considering the legislation on citizenship of the Russian Federation, it is possible to draw a definitely accurate conclusion that it is developing dynamically and has a rather complex structure. Therefore, in order to apply its position in practice, superficial knowledge is not always enough - in some cases, consultation from a specialist is necessary.

Is it possible for a father or parents to make Russian citizenship if there is a son or children who were born in Russia? The right to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation have:

  1. Disabled persons who have an adult capable son or daughter - citizens of the Russian Federation.
  2. Persons who have a child who is a Russian, the second parent of which has died or is recognized by a court decision as missing, incompetent, with limited legal capacity, deprived of parental rights or limited in parental rights.
  3. Persons who have an adult incapable son or daughter, who are citizens of the Russian Federation, whose second parent has died or is recognized by a court decision as missing, incompetent, partially incapable, deprived of parental rights or limited in parental rights.

Is it possible to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation through a child if born in Russia? A child receives citizenship of the Russian Federation, not just being born in this territory. For this, certain conditions must be met.

So, if he was born on the territory of the Russian Federation and has one of the parents of a Russian, or both of his parents are citizens of another state that has not granted citizenship to the baby, or the location of his parents is not known, and of course in the case when the child has both Russian parents ( in this situation, the place of birth of the child does not matter), then such a baby acquires citizenship of the Russian Federation.

As can be seen from the above, to obtain citizenship for a child, it is not enough to give birth to him in the territory of the Russian Federation. A limited list of conditions serves as a deterrent against wholesale childbearing in the Russian Federation in order to obtain Russian citizenship in a simplified manner.

Confirmation of their rights to obtain Russian citizenship for children is the following:

  • In addition to the date and place of birth, the birth certificate contains information about parents and citizenship.
  • Provision of a child's birth certificate and passport, subject to the conditions described above, entitles the child to citizenship.

Algorithm

First steps

A foreign citizen who has a Russian child and wants to change his civil status can contact a specialist for advice on citizenship. So, he has the right to receive the service by coming to an appointment with a specialist or via the Internet.

Consideration order

An application for a temporary residence permit and a residence permit can be submitted electronically. In this case, the original documents and certified copies are submitted to the competent authorities on the day the permit or residence permit is received. Such a procedure is not possible in case of obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation.

With the proper execution of documents, the period for considering an application for a temporary residence permit or residence permit varies from two to six months, for obtaining Russian citizenship - from three to six months.

Result

Documents verified and accepted by an official are subject to consideration in accordance with the Regulations on the Procedure for Considering Issues of Citizenship of the Russian Federation. The status of the consideration of the application can be tracked on the official website of the Main Department of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation - of course, with a reasonable approach. Do not check the status the next day after submission.

Conclusion

Obtaining citizenship by children is referred to as a simplified procedure. However, this does not mean that changing the status is very easy. The main task of the applicant is to choose the right option for acquiring citizenship. In order to prevent denial of citizenship, one should responsibly approach the execution of the necessary documents.

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Obtaining Russian citizenship is the goal of many people who want to live and work on the territory of the Russian Federation. However, in order to own Russian passport, it is necessary to have grounds that are established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Legal recognition citizenship of the Russian Federation is based on a number of separate regulations. The procedure is developing according to two scenarios: having the status of a citizen at the time of entry into force of the law "On Citizenship of the Russian Federation" and the possibility of acquiring citizenship on the basis of the rules established by the jurisdiction.

Who is eligible for Russian citizenship?

According to federal law No. 62-F3 dated May 31, 2002, Russian citizenship can be obtained by:

Children born in the territory of the Russian Federation;

Persons recognized as disabled, whose children are capable and have citizenship of the Russian Federation;

Persons who entered into a legal marriage with a citizen of the Russian Federation who has a residence permit on the territory of Russia;


Persons with at least one disabled parent who is a citizen of the Russian Federation;

Persons who have invested in the Russian Federation in the amount determined by the Government of the Russian Federation;

Persons who joined the ranks of the Russian army, throughout the entire period military service;


Persons - participants state program to provide assistance to compatriots and members of their families living abroad but wishing to voluntarily resettle in Russia;

Persons who have a child with Russian citizenship;

Persons whose son or daughter have Russian citizenship have reached the age of 18, but have been declared legally incompetent or there are limitations in their legal capacity;

Persons under the age of 18 who receive a temporary residence permit with one or both parents, guardian or adoptive parent - foreign citizens defined by the above points;


Persons under 18 years of age who receive a temporary residence permit according to the application of parents, guardians, adoptive parents who have Russian citizenship;

Persons who have reached the age of 18, who, according to the legislation of a foreign state, are recognized as disabled or with disabilities, who receive a temporary residence permit with one or both parents, adoptive parents, guardians - foreign citizens indicated above;


Persons who have reached the age of 18, who, according to the legislation of a foreign state, are recognized as disabled or with disabilities, who receive a temporary residence permit at the request of parents, adoptive parents, guardians who have Russian citizenship.

The very registration of citizenship of the Russian Federation is carried out according to a standard or simplified scheme, depending on the grounds, the current citizenship of the applicant and other factors.

How to obtain citizenship of the Russian Federation in a general manner: the ABC of the law

Foreigners and stateless persons have the right to stay on the territory of the Russian Federation only for a clearly agreed time. For those who have not bothered with obtaining a visa, the period is up to 90 days.

Migrants, refugees and migrants seek to obtain a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation as soon as possible. This is only possible if the applicant meets the criteria for the simplified procedure. IN otherwise, will have to obtain citizenship on common grounds.


Mandatory conditions for registration of the status of a citizen for adults is the presence permanent place work with the ability to confirm the "white" income. Related requirements include:

The presence of a residence permit (permit);
- residence in the Russian Federation for more than 5 years from the date of issue of the residence permit;
- renunciation of citizenship in other countries;
- Proficiency in Russian and readiness to prove your skills.

How much will you need to pay for citizenship?

Those who fully comply with the procedural requirements and who are attracted by the double-headed eagle on their passport should write an application to the responsible government agency - the Federal Migration Service (FMS). A sample application form can be downloaded from the organization's website.

The application must be supported by a package of documents confirming compliance legislative criteria. In conclusion, it remains to pay a state duty in the amount of 3 thousand 500 rubles. (Citizens of the USSR who lived or live in Russia, but at the time of registration do not have a fixed status are exempt from paying tax).


We collect the application and supporting papers, as well as the tax payment receipt in a folder and make an appointment with an employee of the migration department (at the place of residence). If at the time of registration the applicant is outside the state, then he is recommended to contact the diplomatic mission of the Russian Federation.


An employee of the department is obliged to issue a receipt / certificate of acceptance of the application and an inventory of documents received for processing. The term for consideration of the application is: up to 6 months. in a simplified form and up to 1 year - on a general basis. The results of the application review will be sent by mail. Personal notifications are also practiced. A positive decision will be followed by an offer to obtain a citizen's passport.

How to obtain citizenship in a simplified manner?

It is possible to live in Russia without citizenship, but this situation is fraught with a number of difficulties. For example, a person cannot participate in elections or become a deputy, it will not work and issue maternal capital, which is due to Russian women for the birth of a second child. Here and in other cases, a simplified form of acquiring civil status may come in handy. It applies to adult capable foreign nationals who have expressed a desire to change their status and meet the conditions stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Simplified procedure for obtaining Russian citizenship

In order to use the simplified procedure for obtaining citizenship, the applicant must submit to the FMS documents confirming his right to acquire status in a special accelerated manner. The list of documents may vary depending on the reason that drives the applicant for the right to obtain Russian citizenship. The general list of documents is given below.


Further, events develop according to the usual scenario, but the decision is made faster (six months) if the FMS officer confirmed the readiness of the submitted package for further consideration. During this period, the applicant's personal file will be opened and a registration card will be created. Even faster officials decisions are made regarding applicants whose right to citizenship is regulated by international treaties (3 months).

Citizens of Kazakhstan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan fall under this category.

General list of documents for obtaining the status of a citizen of the Russian Federation

To get a Russian passport, you will have to prepare an impressive list of documents. The general list of confirmations required by the FMS employees includes:

2 sample applications in the prescribed form (download on the FMS website);
- four photos 30 by 40 mm;
- a receipt confirming the payment of the state duty;
- passport or any other identity document;
- certificate of residence;
- marriage certificate (when changing surname).


The editors of the site recall that, depending on the compliance with the criteria for those wishing to obtain Russian citizenship, the list of documents is expanding. Its composition should be clarified with the employees of the department or on the official website of the Main Directorate for Migration of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
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For many citizens coming to the Russian Federation from neighboring countries (especially for people from the CIS) it is almost a primary goal. After all, for anyone foreign person, whether a refugee or an ordinary immigrant, this document literally opens any path.

Citizenship of the Russian Federation gives many privileges

But if you have ever changed your name or surname for any reason, you will have, among other things, to submit to the FMS the relevant certificates from the registry office that registered the change, as well as their notarized copies.

Obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation takes place in several stages

If you have children, you will also have to prepare copies of them (or passports) and photographs in advance (4 pieces for each child). Remember: after you receive the coveted citizenship of the Russian Federation, your children will automatically have the opportunity to become Russian citizens.

Therefore, if one of your offspring has not yet reached the full age of 14, in order to change their and, in the future, their citizenship, you will need to obtain the written consent of the second parent, even if you are not currently married to him. But if the child has already passed 14, you will need to achieve the signing of a similar document confirming consent to the change of citizenship, personally from him.

You will have to personally hand over the collected package of documents to the Federal Migration Service at the place of future residence. However, if you cannot currently be in the Russian Federation in person, it is acceptable to send papers by mail or transfer them directly to government agency through a trustee.

Please note: in order for the documents submitted in this way to be considered valid, each signature you put on the papers must be in separately certified by a notary.

Marriage as an alternative way to quickly obtain citizenship

Perhaps the easiest way to obtain Russian citizenship in an expedited manner is to register a marriage with any person who is already a citizen of this country. What conditions must be met in order to use this alternative scheme for obtaining Russian citizenship?

You have legal right request an expedited review of your case (the entire process will take no more than six months) when you:

  • have already issued both a RVP and a residence permit;
  • married a native citizen of the Russian Federation in any Russian registry office at least three full years ago;
  • all the time elapsed since the registration of the relationship lived together with the spouse (or spouse) on the territory of the Russian Federation

About reintegration

Civil passport of the Russian Federation

If you previously had Russian citizenship (not to be confused with citizenship of the USSR!), but lost it for some objective reason, you will only need to restore your lost status as a citizen of the Russian Federation.

In other words, reintegrate. To do this, you will need to write an appropriate application (mandatory in two copies) according to the model that will be issued to you by the FMS, and submit the following package of documents to the employee serving you:

  • valid residence permit;
  • a document confirming the fact that you previously renounced the citizenship of the Russian Federation;
  • any documents confirming that you have a stable (and at the same time legal) source of income for living in the Russian Federation;
  • written renunciation of current citizenship.

Among other things, you will have to prove that you have not lost your communication skills in Russian by passing an oral interview before a special commission or writing a test for this. This may require some effort from you, but restoring Russian citizenship is an order of magnitude easier than obtaining it from scratch.

How to get Russian citizenship? Conditions for obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation - in the video: